• 조형예술학연구
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• 제5권
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• pp.87-129
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• 2003

The purpose of this thesis is to propose a new concept of design of the 21st century, on the basis of the study on the general signification of the structures and the signs of industrial product design, by examining the difference between modern and post-modern design, which is expected to lead the users to different design practice and interpretation of it. The starting point of this study is the different styles and patterns of 'Gestalt' in the post-modern design of the late 20th century from modern design - the factor of determination in industrial product design. That is to say, unlike functional and rational styles of modern product design, the late 20th century is based upon the pluralism characterized by complexity, synthetic and decorativeness. So far, most of the previous studies on design seem to have excluded visual aspects and usability, focused only on effective communication of design phenomena. These partial studies on design, blinded by phenomenal aspects, have resulted in failure to discover a principle of fundamental system. However, design varies according to the times; and the transformation of design is reflected in Design Pragnanz to constitute a new text of design. Therefore, it can be argued that Design Pragnanz serves as an essential factor under influence of the significance of text. In this thesis, therefore, I delve into analysis of the 20th century product design, in the light of Gestalt theory and Design Pragnanz, which have been functioning as the principle of the past design. For this study, I attempted to discover the fundamental elements in modern and post-modern designs, and to examine the formal structure of product design, the users' aesthetic preference and its semantics, from the integrative viewpoint. Also, with reference to history and theory of design my emphasis is more on fundamental visual phenomena than on structural analysis or process of visualization in product design, in order to examine the formal properties of modern and post-modern designs. Firstly, In Chapter 1, 'Issues and Background of the Study', I investigated the Gestalt theory and Design Pragnanz, on the premise of formal distinction between modern and post-modern designs. These theories are founded upon the discussion on visual perception of Gestalt in Germany in 1910's, in pursuit of the principle of perception centered around visual perception of human beings. In Chapter 2, I dealt with functionalism of modern design, as an advance preparation for the further study on the product design of the late 20th century. First of all, in Chapter 2-1, I examined the tendency of modern design focused on functionalism, which can be exemplified by the famous statement 'Form follows function'. Excluding all unessential elements in design - for example, decoration, this tendency has attained the position of the international style based on the spirit of Bauhause - universality and regularity - in search of geometric order, standardization and rationalization. In Chapter 2-2, I investigated the anthropological viewpoint that modern design started representing culture in a symbolic way including overall aspects of the society - politics, economics and ethics, and its criticism on functionalist design that aesthetic value is missing in exchange of excessive simplicity in style. Moreover, I examined the pluralist phenomena in post-modern design such as kitsch, eclecticism, reactionism, hi-tech and digital design, breaking away from functionalist purism of modern design. In Chapter 3, I analyzed Gestalt Pragnanz in design in a practical way, against the background of design trends. To begin with, I selected mass product design among those for the 20th century products as a target of analysis, highlighting representative styles in each category of the products. For this analysis, I adopted the theory of J. M Lehnhardt, who gradated in percentage the aesthetic and semantic levels of Pragnantz in design expression, and that of J. K. Grutter, who expressed it in a formula of M = O : C. I also employed eight units of dichotomies, according to the G. D. Birkhoff's aesthetic criteria, for the purpose of scientific classification of the degree of order and complexity in design; and I analyzed phenomenal aspects of design form represented in each unit. For Chapter 4, I executed a questionnaire about semiological phenomena of Design Pragnanz with 28 units of antonymous adjectives, based upon the research in the previous chapter. Then, I analyzed the process of signification of Design Pragnanz, founded on this research. Furthermore, the interpretation of the analysis served as an explanation to preference, through systematic analysis of Gestalt and Design Pragnanz in product design of the late 20th century. In Chapter 5, I determined the position of Design Pragnanz by integrating the analyses of Gestalt and Pragnanz in modern and post-modern designs In this process, 1 revealed the difference of each Design Pragnanz in formal respect, in order to suggest a vision of the future as a result, which will provide systemic and structural stimulation to current design.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.650-660
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• 2006

Recently, according to increase in production of pond snails resulting from the widespread organic farming, organic farmers are showing a lot of interests in the promotion of consumption and extending the market of pond snails. This study was performed to suggest the process of product development of the ready-to-eat pond-snail Mandu as a health food, to show the results of market test of the pilot product, and to investigate the change of the sensory characteristics during storage periods. For the market test of pond-snail Mandu, the survey was developed and delivered to consumers. The questionnaire consisted of 3 parts such as respondents demographic characteristics, customer's perception of pond-snail Mandu before tasting, and customer's perception of that after tasting. And the market test was carried out with university students, welfare institution residents and apartment residents in the Seoul and Gyeonggi areas. As a result of the test, the most important purchasing factors were determined in the order of taste (49.5%), hygienic quality (12.5%), nutritional value (10%) and price (9%). And only 4.2% of respondents selected brand name as an important purchasing factor. After tasting pond-snail Mandu, consumers had suggested the better taste (t=6.986, p<0.000) and price (t=2.082, p<0.05) than those of before tasting. In response to favorable impression of pond-snail Mandu, 54.5% of total respondents evaluated positively. The favorable impressions came from iron-rich Mandu (27.6%), high protein and nutritious Mandu (24.4%), calcium-rich Mandu (17.9%), diet Mandu (13.3%), and delicious Mandu (12.5%) respectively. Sensory characteristics of pond-snail Mandu were evaluated by professional panels in terms of the softness of Mandu skin, chewiness, moistness, toothpacking, color, aroma, saltiness, and degree of plain, taste, and aftertaste. The evaluation of sensory characteristics on a 7-point scale, showed that softness of mandu skin (4.44) and aftertaste (4.11) got a low scores. The statistical difference of the tastes (p>0.05) was not founded by storage period of 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. Based on the result, the improvement of these characteristics are desired in developing the pond-snail Mandu. Research method applied to this study can be useful for developing a new product.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제18권7호
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• pp.362-374
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 소비자가 향수를 구매하는데 있어서 향수제품이 가지고 있는 제품 품질 및 가치가 구매의도에 미치는 영향에 대하여 연구하고자 하였으며 그에 대한 선행변수로서 향수제품이 갖는 이미지 특성이 소비자가 느끼는 향수제품의 품질과 가치에 어떤 영향을 미치는지는 실증적으로 분석하여 감성적 도구로서의 향수가 아닌 향수제품 자체에 대한 소비자의 행동을 연구하고 향수제품의 개발과 판매를 위한 이슈를 도출하고자 하였다. 연구결과 향수의 이미지 특성 중 상쾌성과 현대성은 향수제품에 대한 소비자의 지각된 품질과 지각된 가치에 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났고, 자극성과 낭만성은 모두 영향을 미치지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 지각된 품질과 지각된 가치는 구매의도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으나 그 영향력은 지각된 가치보다는 지각된 품질이 더 큰 것으로 분석되었다. 본 연구는 두 가지 면에서 시사하는 의의를 가지고 있다. 첫째, 향수의 이미지 특성을 통한 소비자의 품질지각을 실증적으로 연구하였다. 둘째, 소비자가 갖는 향수 구매의도에 미치는 영향력이 지각된 가치보다는 지각된 품질임을 실증분석을 통하여 확인하였다. 이러한 결과는 오늘날의 소비자들은 브랜드를 보고 향수를 구매하던 과거의 행동과는 다르게 품질에 중점을 두고 제품을 선택한다는 것을 확인하였다고 할 수 있다. 본 연구를 계기로 향수를 제조하거나 판매하고자 하는 기업들은 과거 파워 브랜드에 의존하던 영업방식에서 벗어나 제품의 품질을 소비자에게 지각시켜야만 한다는 것을 명심해야 할 것이다.

• 광고학연구
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.7-25
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• 2016

최근까지 수행되어 온 연구들에 따르면 정보의 제시위치가 해당 정보에 대한 해석과 판단에 의미 있는 영향력을 가진다고 한다. 특히 수직적 위치의 경우, 무게에 대한 해석과 관련성을 가지며, 결과적으로 정보가 위쪽에 위치하는 것보다 아래쪽에 위치할 때 더 무겁다고 판단하는 경향이 있다. 이것은 가벼운 것은 위로 떠오르며 무거운 것은 아래로 가라앉는다는 사람들이 가지고 있는 객관적 지식과 경험에 기인한 것이다. 본 연구는 이러한 연구결과를 증정 제품을 제공하는 부가가치 촉진 상황에 적용하여, 증정량 정보의 위치가 판매촉진 평가 및 증정량 지각에 미치는 영향력을 고찰하였다. 본 연구에서는 연구 가설로 증정량 정보가 위쪽에 제시될 때보다 아래쪽에 제시될 때 무겁다는 연상을 가지며 결과적으로 증정량이 더 많다고 지각하고, 판매촉진에 대한 평가가 더 호의적일 것임을 제안하였다. 이를 검증하기 위해 두 개의 실험을 진행하였다. 실험 1은 포스트잇의 2+1 증정 행사 맥락에서 증정 정보 '1'의 제시 위치가 판매촉진 평가에 미치는 주효과를 확인하고자 하였다. 그 결과, 증정량 정보가 구매 제품 정보 대비 위쪽에 제시되는 것보다 아래쪽에 제시될 때, 해당 판매촉진에 대하여 더 호의적으로 평가하였다. 실험 2는 실험 1의 결과를 다양한 방법으로 일반화하였다. 구체적으로 첫째, 자극물로 비타민 알약을 사용하였다. 둘째, 실험 1에서는 2+1의 정보를 제공할 때 문자(숫자) 정보를 사용하였던 것을 실험 2에서는 시각적 제품 사진으로 변경하였다. 마지막으로 종속 변수를 증정량 지각으로 확대하여 소비자의 반응을 보다 직접적으로 측정할 수 있도록 하였다. 또한 양에 대한 명시적 메시지의 유무에 따라 증정량 정보의 위치가 증정략 지각에 미치는 영향력이 달라지는지를 고찰함으로써 앞서 제안한 효과의 경계 조건을 밝히고자 하였다. 연구 결과, 양에 대한 명시적 메시지가 없는 경우에는 증정량 정보가 아래쪽(vs. 위쪽)에 제시될 때 증정량이 더 많다고 지각하여 실험 1과 유사하게 위치 효과가 나타났다. 반면에, 양에 대한 명시적 메시지가 있는 경우에는 증정량 정보의 위치 효과가 나타나지 않아 양에 대한 명시적 메시지 유무의 조절효과를 확인하였다. 본 연구는 다양한 문헌에서 중요하게 연구되어 온 정보의 제시 위치가 판매촉진 매력도 평가 및 증정량 지각에 미치는 영향력을 부가가치 촉진 맥락에 적용하고 그 영향력을 고찰하였다는데 학문적인 의의가 있다. 본 연구는 마케터가 증정량의 제시 위치라는 요소를 잘 통제하여 다양한 판매촉진 상황에서 세부적 전략을 수립하는 데 활용할 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.85-115
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• 2013

Digital knowledge and information goods as experience goods have some unique characteristics such as close to zero reproduction and distribution cost, high price volatility, and low price acceptability. For the reasons, the pricing policies of digital knowledge goods are very difficult and complicate. Also, most consumers of digital goods have experienced cognitive dissonance after buying decision. The purpose of this paper is to investigate what factors affect the price acceptability level and cognitive dissonance of digital knowledge goods buyers. This paper suggest a structural model that was established by the cognitive dissonance theory and S-O-R(Stimulus-Organization-Response) model. The model is consisted of four exogenous variables and three endogenous variables. The empirical test and statistical analysis suggest following results and practical implications. The variables such as product involvement and perception of price fairness that have positive roles to price acceptability have strong influence on the all the three endogenous variables. But the variables such as sale proneness and price mavenism that have negative roles to price acceptability have little influence on the all the three endogenous variables. In the model, the payment intention was very important mediating variable between exogenous variables and two dependent variables, ie. price acceptability and cognitive dissonance. These results imply that the digital knowledge portals must have some differentiated pricing policies to the customers who have price consciousness and price mavenism. Also, they need some special promotions to whom have positive attitude to the value of digital goods.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.302-309
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• 2023

Wearable devices, attached to the human body, track and enhance users' activities, health, and communication. Therefore, considering ergonomic factors in product design is crucial. However, previous research has somewhat overlooked the importance of integrating ergonomic design elements into a broad spectrum of design factors. This study aims to examine the impact of physical attributes inherent in smart wristbands and smartwatches on the perceived functional value, specifically, perceived usefulness, ease of use, and fit. A survey was conducted among 289 US adults who had experience using smart wristbands or smartwatches. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha, t-test, MANOVA, and regression analysis in SPSS version 29. The results showed that the shape of the front display significantly influenced perceived ease of use, and the product's weight had a substantial impact on both perceived ease of use and fit. Furthermore, distinct technical features on the front display had varied effects on perceived usefulness, ease of use, and fit. Notably, the presence of activity tracking, alarm, and calendar functionalities led to distinct differences in ease of use and fit. Features such as distance tracking, phone call, social media notifications, text messaging, and time display functions showed significant influences on the perception of fit. These findings provide insights into the physical values of smart wristbands and smartwatches as perceived by users.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.21-31
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• 1988

The main problem of consumer behavior is choice since the outcome of me of a choice can only be known in the future, consumers are forced to deal with the risks of und\certainty. So, perception of risk is pivotal aspect of consumer behavior. This study was designed to investigate the relationships between purchasing behavior of textile and perceived risk. Data were obtained from 276 housewives. ANOVA, x2-test were employed to analyse the data. The result were : 1. general features of textile purchase behavior are as follows. Blend wools and pure wool products are prefered. Fall is the major season in purchasing textile. Wholesalers, department stores and agent stores are prefered. Purchasing decision making process independent upon not only textile itself but the practice value of the textile. Purchasing textile, married young women depend on outward shape of the textile, middle and old aged groups depend on the economic value of the textile and the credibility of the stores. 2. Perception of risk is relatively high in the preference of store, color/design, and psycological uncertainty. But the perceived risks is relatively low in brand, price and social credibility. 3. There is significant relationship between the recognition rate of risk and the sensitiveness of the consumer. In addition, there are strong relationship between the risk rate and the preference of shop, brand, and price. On the other hand, there are no significant relationship between the color, design, and sociopsyco-logical risk and demographic variables. 4. The perceived risk of consumer would be a key stone to grasp the consumer behavior. The product company needs to provide full information which could reduce the perceived risk of consumer. there attitude would help for the mutual interests. In the future research, we need to develop the precise methods for finding variables on the perceived risk during the process of making purchase intention.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.152-160
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• 2011

Contemporary architecture pursues new method of Interpretation of Non-linear space as digital media appears. As various materials and new methods can be used due to developments in science and expansion of thinking, contemporary architectural color developed extensive possibilities. It means not only the change of drawings, method of architectural product and materials but also the change of value system for architectural space. Thus the purpose of this paper is to suggest interpretation of space applied by color structure, and this point of view was based on the three elements of color perception which are light source, reflector, and observer. According to this categorization, architectural color of exterior color, layer color and interaction color are explained via examples of colors recently used on the contemporary architectures. In summary, contemporary architecture can be explained by Non-construction space interpretation for intrinsic complex meanings. Therefore, it can be explained as moving space, collage, by picturesque space, moving blur color and emptiness of color. This pursues various point of views for space interpretation, therefore it can be developed to the identity of strengthening architectures' design concept.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.27-54
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• 2011

본 연구는 문화예술상품 소비자 연구를 위한 개념적 구조를 마련하고, 문화예술상품 생산기관 및 문화예술정책기관과 문화예술을 활용하는 기업의 문화마케팅의 효율성을 위하여 문화예술정책기관에 실무적 시사점을 제시하기 위하여 실시되었다. 현대소비문화 속에서 문화예술상품 소비자의 가치인식과 추구혜택을 사회적 맥락에서 심층적으로 파악하기 위해, 문화예술상품 소비자를 대표할 수 있는 10대부터 50대까지의 남녀 58명을 12개의 그룹으로 나누어 총 12회에 걸친 표적집단면접(FGI)를 실시하였다. 문화예술상품은 예술가의 정신적·관념적 창작행위나 그 결과물인 작품에 경제적 교환가치가 부여되어 소비되는 상품이다. 문화예술상품의 특성을 바탕으로 문화예술상품에 대한 소비자의 가치인식의 개념구조를 알아본 결과 '실제적·개인적 가치재', '사회적 공공재', '미학적·감각적 경험재'로 나타났으며, 경험적 소비재의 관점에서 문화예술상품 소비 추구혜택의 개념구조를 알아본 결과 '예술적 특성지향', '사회적 관계지향', '개인적 유익지향'의 방향성을 가지고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 문화예술상품 소비에 대한 이와 같은 소비자의 가치인식과 추구혜택의 개념구조는 합리적 소비, 기호 상징적 소비, 경험적 소비, 반성적 소비라는 복합적인 현대소비문화가 반영된 것으로 해석 할 수 있다. 문화예술상품에 대한 소비자 가치인식과 추구혜택의 관계를 개념적으로 분석한 결과 문화예술상품 소비자의 가치인식에 따라 추구혜택이 다르게 나타나는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 결과는 문화예술상품에 대한 소비자의 가치인식이 추구혜택의 특성을 형성하며, 소비를 결정하고 문화예술상품을 선택하는데 있어서 중요한 영향을 미칠 수 있다는 것을 시사하는 것이다. 본 연구 결과로 나타난 가치인식과 추구혜택의 개념구조는 문화예술상품 소비자 연구의 측정도구 개발에 사용될 수 있으며, 기업의 효율적인 문화예술마케팅 전략 및 소비자 중심의 문화예술상품 생산과 국민의 삶의 질을 향상시키고자 하는 국가기관의 정책 수립에 필요한 소비자 정보로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.123-138
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• 2024

With the increase in online shopping and delivery food consumption since the pandemic, solving environmental problems caused by single-use packaging has become an important issue. 'Upcycling' is a combination of 'Upgrade' and 'Recycle', and it is the rebirth of obsolete or discarded objects by adding new value to them, and there are currently various upcycled products on the market. In order to activate upcycling, consumers' awareness of the environment and their values for consumption are very important. This study aims to investigate the influence of students' environmental concern, environmental experience, and consumption value on their purchase intention of upcycled products. Based on the results of previous studies on environmental concern, environmental experience, and consumption value, hypotheses were set, and a survey was conducted among university students nationwide to test the hypotheses. The results of this study are as follows First, environmental concern has a significant positive effect on purchase intention of upcycled products. It can be seen that the more environmental concerns such as global warming and waste disposal problems increase, the more positive attitudes toward upcycled products increase. Second, the research hypothesis that environmental knowledge will have a positive effect on the purchase intention of upcycled products is rejected. It was found that environmental knowledge is acquired through environmental education and many SNS, but it does not have a direct effect on the purchase intention of upcycled products. Third, it was found that the consumption value of college students has a positive effect on the purchase intention of upcycled products by increasing their positive perception of upcycled products. Fourth, college students' purchase intention of upcycled products has a positive effect on their behavioral intention to purchase upcycled products. The results of the study provide implications for relevant organizations such as universities and companies to effectively design upcycling-related education. It is also expected to have a positive impact on the use of upcycled products by providing basic information on the characteristics of consumers who purchase upcycled products.