• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.19 no.spc
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• pp.199-202
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• 2011

Organic production practices varied among producers. Generally, organic producers were relying on imported input materials such as organic compost and liquid fertilizer even more than conventional producers. Very few organic farmers had composting facilities or sites for the own supply of compost in need. The productivity of organic kiwifruit orchard (92%) was not as low as that of conventional while the net income (243%) was more than double that of conventional. This was mainly attributed to high farm gate price of organic fruits, low paid labour use and electricity. As a consequence, organic kiwifruit production seems to become a feasible option in Korea. However, high dependence on imported farming material, fuel and labour for too frequent liquid fertilizer spray should be addressed to achieve long term sustainability of organic kiwifruit production.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.31-44
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• 2015

Local governments in Korea are involved in three types of online shopping sites : 'direct operation', 'outsourced operation', and 'sales agency.' They are different in terms of the site operator and the charging mechanism among a local government, the site operator, and local producers. This study analyzes their differences in site traffic, local producers' participation, promotion, and partnership. The results from the investigation of 72 shopping sites are the following. First, shopping sites of the 'direct operation' type and the 'outsourced operation' type show significantly higher participation of local producers. Second, the 'marketing agency' type has significantly higher number of promotional activities than the 'oursourced type' which has significantly higher number than the 'direct operation' type. Third, the number of partnerships in the 'marketing agency' type is the highest. The 'direct operation' type is the second and significantly higher than the 'outsourced type.' On the basis of the analysis results, this paper suggests an incubation ecosystem model as a better way of involvement by local governments in online shopping sites.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.62-74
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• 1968

천연(天然)고무 및 합성(合成) 고(高) cis 1 : 4 polyisoprene, 대표적(代表的)으로 'Natsyn 400'의 가공(加工), 배합(配合) 또는 가황체(加黃體)의 성질(性質)들의 차이점(差異點)들에 대(對)하여 설명(說明)하였다. 합성중합체(合成重合體)는 미리 소연(素鍊)함이 없이 충전제(充塡劑)를 첨가(添加)함으로서 가공(加工)이 용역(容易)하였으며 CV형(形) 천연(天然)고무에 있어서도 이점(利點)이 나타났다. 천연(天然)고무 배합물(配合物)은 점착성(粘着性)이 좋으며, 특(特)히 미가황물(未加黃物)의 강도(强度)가 현저(顯著)하게 우수(優秀)하다. 가황과정(加黃過程) 및 몇몇가황체(加黃體)의 성질(性質)에 있어서의 차이(差異)는 비(非)고무질(質)을 함유(含有)하지 않는 Natsyn으로 나타난다. 기타(其他)의 가황체성질(加黃體性質)의 차이(差異)는 천연(天然)고무에 있어서 그 가황체(加黃體)가 인장시(引張時)에 결정(結晶)하는 경향(傾向)을 크게 나타내고 있고 특(特)히 고온(高溫)에서 이들 차이(差異)가 현저(顯著)하다.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.51-67
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• 2022

The Korean tariff rate for fishery products is a single tax rate of 10% for live fish and frozen seafood, and 20% for all others. Since FTAs have been concluded with several countries, the tariffs is not an appropriate means to protect domestic fishery producers. The differential tariff rate according to the scientific name (genus) of the fishery products, which was implemented 30 years ago to protect fishery products produced in the Korean coastal waters has lost its original purpose. It seems that future fishery trade policy should focus on IUU prevention, hygiene and safety of consumers rather than protecting fishery producers through customs tariffs. This paper suggest that a paradigm shift in the fishery producers protection policies such as direct financial support from the state, protection and development of fishery resources, and support for fostering the 6th industry rather than indirect protection through tariffs.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.27 no.8
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• pp.693-698
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• 2007

Science hands-on exhibits are increasingly popular, especially during vacation time. These exhibits hire guides to help visitors to understand the contents. In this study, the qualifications of the guides are investigated through interviews with the producers who run the exhibit. There were two main questions the researcher was interested in during the interviews. One was the importance of the science background of the guides. The second was the characteristics of guides that the producers consider important for successful exhibits. The results show that a science background is not an important qualification in the view of most of the producers. Many factors other than science, such as accountability or social skills, were considered to be of greater importance than a background in science.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.131-138
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• 2015

One of the most conspicuous characteristics of a business model that pursues expanding customer relationship is that it tries to lock in customers by encouraging them to repeat purchase in the long-term with the help of "Follow" function in Social Networking Service (SNS), which enables producers to automatically register the customers as potentially important ones and to offer them customized marketing services. In the value chain of the agriculture sector, producers of agricultural products can use SNS functions to provide loyal customers with valuable information and experiences such as the real-time information of their farm and products, hidden stories about the whole process from seeding to harvesting, and the storage and cooking methods of their products. These activities help the producers invoke customers' desire to live in the farm and to grow the products themselves. They also raise the accessibility of the producers' websites as customers are able to share a variety of news and knowledge such as the release of new products. This means that the producers's websites are now functioning to enable the producers to perform sales and promotion related activities. It is a big leap from the traditional e-commerce business model where sales and promotion of a product were separated and could be connected only through outside links. This two-way, viral characteristics of marketing services using SNS facilitate customers to share product information and their purchase experience with each other, which leads to more effective and efficient communication within the customer community.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.177-189
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• 2010

This study investigates the perceptual differences on geographical indications among consumers, producers, and government employees. First, in terms of the recognition of the geographical indication certification mark, approximately 56% of consumers showed no experience to recognize the mark, indicating their low level of recognition. Besides, some respondents among producers and government employees indicated no experience or no recollection on the certification mark. In terms of the vitalization of geographical indications, consumers and government employees showed positive responses while producers were negative on it. Consumers and government employees attributed the reasons for the low level of vatalization of geographical indications to the low level of consumer recognition. On the other band, producers indicated that the complicated registration procedure and incidental expenses were the main reasons for this issue. Lastly, this study examined if there were significant differences on the perceived consumer preferences on the domestic and imported agricultural and processed products among the three groups. The results found that producers and government employees perceived that consumers preferred the imported products to the domestic products than customers actually did, indicating the lack of understanding of these two groups on consumer preferences on agricultural and processed products.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry, and Cartography Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.223-228
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• 2004

As industries developed, industrial goods have got bigger and more precise. It led producers to feel like having a way to confirm whether the goods are good enough for the needs of consumers or not. Because of that, producers got interested in industrial photogrammetry that can get accurate data quickly without coming cotact with customers directly. Based on the need, this study is examined by photographing an O-2A aircraft which is a large and precise one to check the application of Industrial Photogrammetry.

• JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL WORLD
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• no.12 s.3
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• pp.38-40
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• 1974

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.114-117
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• 2016

It is recognized that the global apparel market of the twenty-first century is largely profit driven, and that the majority of producers and retailers have sourced products from the lowest cost locations. Purchase tickets of fashion goods available from 'fast' fashion retailers (at least within the UK) refrain from providing the consumer with details of the full circumstances of production. It seems that the majority of major retailers and producers are not willing to engage in levels of self-regulation which could ensure that the products offered to consumers are ethically produced and offer acceptable levels of sustainability. Meanwhile many fashion consumers have the desire to purchase sustainable products, produced ethically by workers paid fair wages in safe working environments. Consumer demand could be a powerful tool to adjust the behaviour of manufacturers and buyers. This paper proposes the introduction of international legislation demanding greater degrees of transparency than exist currently and that the full sourcing and production details of fashion products are stated clearly on the product's purchase ticket within its retail setting. With the introduction of such legislation, consumers could thus be given the opportunity of purchasing goods which they feel accommodate their own views on ethical manufacture and sustainable products. In turn, consumer pressure could ensure indirectly that retail buyers consider all ethical and sustainable aspects of production when negotiating with garment producers/suppliers. Further to this, such a negotiating stance could ensure the improvement of the terms and conditions of employment of the numerous garment workers worldwide.