• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.99-111
• /
• 2001

Adolescent psychosocial smoking prevention programs have been successful, but limited in the magnitude of program effects on the reduction of smoking behaviors. This is primarily due to the mixed results of independent studies with program variations. This systematic, quantitative research synthesis is designed to identify program key factors that are likely to increase program effects. The present study examined school-based psychosocial smoking prevention programs (1978-1997)among students in grades 6 to 12 in the United States. Theoretical formulations in this analysis of mediating effects posit that program impact on knowledge and/ or skills is associated with less smoking behaviors among program participants. Knowledge factors investigated in this study included health effects, social consequences, social influences, and social norms. Skill factors included affective skill, self-efficacy, assertiveness, self-control, problem solving, and refusal skill. The findings from this study highlight the importance of social consequences knowledge factor and assertive communication skill factor in decreasing adolescent smoking behaviors.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.203-216
• /
• 1999

The purpose of this study was to examine the trend of conflict of elderly coresiding adult children and to find out what behaviors they choose to cope with conflicts. Also this study tried to investigate how those coping behaviors affected elderly parents' psychological adjustment. The subjects of this study were 218 elderly parents coresiding with adult children in Seoul metropolitan areas. Data were analyzed by using statistics such as factor analysis t-test one-way ANOVA Pearson's correlation through SPSS/PC computer programs. The major findings were as follows: In general elderly parents perceived low level of conflicts with their adult children. Elderly parents with bad health condition no religion lack of personal expenses and low level of statndard of living showed more conflicts. Each of four major coping behaviors was affected by different factors. The most effective variables affecting elderly parents' psychological adjustment was active problem solving activity.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
• /
• v.9 no.10
• /
• pp.407-414
• /
• 2018

This study was conducted to examine the depression, study stress, adolescents' problem behavior in middle school students. A cross-sectional survey was conducted. 116 participants were selected from middle school in Y city, J area. A structured questionnaires were used as a study instrument which included general characteristics, children's depression inventory(CDI), study stress and adolescents' problem behavior. Descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression were used for analysis. the result was that grade level, relation with parents and Friends were major predictors of problem behaviors of male students in the second grade of middle school. As a result of this study, it is to suggest the necessity of guidance, education policy, and program development for the experience and formation of healthy human relationships among adolescents.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.169-179
• /
• 2010

Good snack consumption behaviors are important among elementary students because snack provides additional energy and nutrients and because good dietary behaviors should be formed during early stages of life. This study investigated, among elementary school students, 1) snack consumption behaviors, 2) snack-related nutrition knowledge level, and 3) relationships between snack behaviors and snack-related nutrition knowledge. A convenience sample (N = 372), drawn from 5th and 6th graders of an elementary schools in Siheung-si, Gyeonggi-do, completed a pre-tested questionnaire. More than 85% of the participants snacked more than once per week. Most (77%) had their snacks at home. Fruit and fruit juice were the most frequently consumed and the most liked snack items. Taste was the most important in choosing a snack item closely followed by health/nutrition. Snack-related knowledge level was relatively high and the participants obtained their nutrition knowledge through mass media (30.4%) and family/friends (29.0%). Snack-related nutrition knowledge level and snack consumption behaviors showed positive relationships in various areas such as choosing more nutritious snack items and checking nutrition labels. Although this study was limited by its cross-sectional study design, these positive relationships suggest that better nutrition knowledge could result in better behaviors. Results of this study indicated that factual nutritional knowledge has been well transmitted to students. Therefore, future nutrition education on snacking could focus more on providing problem-solving and operational knowledge.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• v.1 no.2
• /
• pp.126-130
• /
• 2007

Obesity is a worldwide epidemic problem. The downward trend of an obesity onset age calls for research efforts on how to develop useful nutrition educational programs for children to maintain adequate body weight. Understanding the roles of objective and subjective body status in obesity-related attitudes, knowledge, and behaviors can provide important information. The current study aimed to examine obesity-related attitudes and knowledge and practices of eating behavior guidelines in relation to obesity and body shape satisfaction among children. The gender effect in the relations was also investigated. A self-administered survey was conducted with 260 fifth grade children at 2 public elementary schools in the suburbs of Seoul. Information on demographics, body size, body satisfaction, obesity-related attitudes and knowledge, and eating behaviors was collected. Study findings from one-way analysis of variance tests indicated no differences in mean scores of the attitudes, knowledge, and eating behaviors across the levels of obesity for both gender. The levels of body shape satisfaction was, however, found to be significantly related with the attitudes and eating behaviors in girls, while no such relation was seen in boys. Girls with lower body shape dissatisfaction had significantly more negative attitudes toward obesity which was not translated into practice of healthy eating behaviors. That is, contrary to general expectation, the level of practicing the eating behavior guidelines was significantly lower in those girls. While underlying reasons for this observation is not fully answered, gender-specific, body satisfaction-stratified, and behavior-focused approach in designing obesity prevention programs for elementary school girls is suggested efficient and useful.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• v.64 no.6
• /
• pp.1237-1244
• /
• 2022

Horse breeders suffer massive economic losses due to dystocia, abortion, and stillbirths. In Thoroughbred mares, breeders often miss the foaling process because approximately 86% of the foaling events occur from 19:00 to 7:00; consequently, breeders cannot assist mares experiencing dystocia. To solve this problem, various foaling alarm systems have been developed. However, there is a need to develop a new system to overcome the shortcomings of the existing devices and improve their accuracy. To this end, the present study aimed to (1) develop a novel foaling alarm system and (2) compare its accuracy with that of the existing Foalert^TM system. Specifically, eighteen Thoroughbred mares (11.9 ± 4.0 years old) were included. An accelerometer was used to analyze specific foaling behaviors. Behavioral data were transmitted to a data server every second. Depending on the acceleration value, behaviors were automatically classified by the server as categorized behaviors 1 (behaviors without change in body rotation), 2 (behaviors with sudden change in body rotation, such as rolling over), and 3 (behaviors with long-term change in body rotation, such as lying down laterally). The system was designed to alarm when the duration of categorized behaviors 2 and 3 was 12.9% and that of categorized behavior 3 was 1% during 10 min. The system measured the duration of each categorized behavior every 10 min and transmitted an alarm to the breeders when foaling was detected. To confirm its accuracy, the foaling detection time of the novel system was compared with that of Foalert^TM. The novel foaling alarm system and Foalert^TM alarmed foaling onset respectively 32.6 ± 17.9 and 8.6 ± 1.0 min prior to foal discharge, and the foaling detection rate of both systems was 94.4%. Therefore, the novel foaling alarm system equipped with an accelerometer can precisely detect and alert foaling onset.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
• /
• v.36 no.3
• /
• pp.19-34
• /
• 2015

The purpose of this study was to explore the influence of marital satisfaction and depression of adoptive mother on the problem behaviors of adopted children and the mediating effects of parenting competency between them. Contextual variables such as family background and adoption-related characteristics were also included as control variables. The results of multiple regression analysis showed marital satisfaction had significant influence on the problem behavior of adopted child through flexibility of parenting competency, while depression was not significantly related to parenting competency of adoptive mother. Yet, maternal depression had direct influence on the problem behavior of adopted child. Based on the limitations of the study, suggestions for further study were made.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.276-283
• /
• 2012

Purpose: This study was carried out to identify the effects of classroom lectures on adolescent nursing education in distance education. Method: The design of this study was a quasi-experimental research with nonequivalent control group, pretest-posttest design. The subjects of this study were 434 nurses in K open university. Data were collected from April to June, 2009 by the adolescent delinquency measurement scale and questionnaire for awareness of the issue in adolescent health education. Result: The both groups perceived the biggest problem as the lack of assigned education time in adolescent health education. After receiving education, the experimental group improved significantly more than the control group in recognition of adolescent problem behavior which is in interpersonal, intermaterial, order, drug, sex, position, alcohol/smoking delinquency and psychiatric problem. Conclusion: This adolescent nursing education is an effective education for nurses and could improve their recognition of adolescent problem behavior.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.57-70
• /
• 2004

This is an exploratory study to describe drinking patterns and problem drinking and alcohol-related problem in college students. The major purpose of this study is to describe the prevalence of drinking styles, the quantity of alcohol getting drunken and the describe the frequency of drunkenness in the previous 12months prior to the survey, and to examine the patterns of how various drinking behaviors are different by drinking style. We used the scale for measuring problem drinking NAST(1), AUDIT, indicated that males drank more and more and more frequently, and had episodes of drunkenness and more accepting of drinking than females, the amount of alcohol becoming intoxicated, the frequency and quantity of alcohol consumed in the month, and the frequency of intoxicated were significantly different by drinking styles in both sexes. A problem drinking rate, danger drinker 49.3% dependence drinker 3.5% in ADULT and alcohol dependency 9.7% in NAST(1) It will be necessary to discuss about adequate policy and eucation protrams to be able to curb collegiate's alcohol abuse.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
• /
• v.21 no.6
• /
• pp.1083-1094
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this study was to investigate the gender difference in adolescent's problem behavior and depression, and to analyze the effects of marital conflict, parenting behavior, parent's monitoring on adolescents' problem behavior and depression. Data obtained from 453 students in middle school was used for final analysis. This study found that female adolescents showed higher level of depression than male adolescents. Male adolescents reported higher level of marital conflict than female adolescents. On the other hand, female adolescents showed more mother's monitoring than male adolescents. Path analysis revealed that parenting behavior and parent's monitoring were negatively influenced by marital conflict. Adolescents' depression was negatively influenced by parenting behavior, but problem behavior was not influenced by parenting behavior. Father's monitoring had an impact on problem behavior of male and female adolescents. Depression was influenced directly by marital conflict, but problem behaviors were not directly influenced by marital conflict.