• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
• /
• 2017.06a
• /
• pp.176-176
• /
• 2017

Hydropriming had positive effects on the time for germination to reach 50%, the germination index, the time to final germination percentage, and the number of uniform seedlings with enlarged cotyledons in in vitro germination of small watermelon. In addition, the highest shoot initiation was obtained from hydroprimed cotyledonary nodes ($95{\pm}6%$), followed by non-primed cotyledonary nodes ($78{\pm}6%$), hydroprimed cotyledons ($72{\pm}4%$), and non-primed cotyledons ($48{\pm}4%$). Meanwhile, no shoots were initiated from hypocotyls. The total number of shoots that initiated from cotyledonary nodes and cotyledon explants was insignificant, indicating that both cotyledons and cotyledonary node were good sources for the in vitro culture. Choosing explant sources that favor tetraploidy should be the key for producing higher polyploidy plants; a total of 10.5% of tetraploid regenerants were entirely identified from cotyledon explants. Cotyledons with highly differentiated cells might show higher variations than cotyledonary nodes with more preexisting meristematic cells. Cells of cotyledon tissue might undergo changes in ploidy level during differentiation of the culture, or it might be that some of the variations were already present in the tissues of the donor plant. Morphological changes in fruit length of tetraploid regenerants are genotype-dependent.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.135-139
• /
• 1996

Intercostal nerve blockade with local anesthetics has been used extensively in the past to provide pain relief following thoracotomy. Its popularity fell, for a period, probably due to increasing use of epidural analgesia. More recently, interest has focused on intercostal nerve block with the introduction of variously sited catheters. Two epidural catheters were placed under direct vision, in the intercostal spaces just above and below the wound by feeding the catheters posteriorly from the wound edges, superficial to the parietal pleura. Bupivacaine 0.25%. Was infused continuously at a rate of 5 ml/hour through each of the two intercostal catheters. Each catheter was primed with 10 ml/hour through each of the two intercostal catheters. Each catheter was primed with 10 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine. Postoperative vital signs resembled preoperation data. Arterial carbon dioxide pressure ($PaCO_2$) was unchanged and arterial oxygen pressure ($PaO_2$) was increased during two days after surgery because oxygen was administered at 21/min. Forced vital capacities (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 second ($FEV_1$) were decreased the day of operation but restored to preoperative value from second operation day. VAS were increased on operation day but decreased from second operation day. Motion range of arms were not impaired. We concluded that continuous intercostal nerve block through catheters placed during thoracotomy in the adjacent intercostal spaces is a simple and effective method for management of the post-thoracotomy pain.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.167-170
• /
• 2004

Lactic acid bacteria (LABs) have been proposed as a potential oral allergy-therapeutic means of modulating immune phenotype expression in vivo, via promoting or reducing cytokine production. This study investigated the ability of LABs to suppress allergic response via modulating cytokine production in mice splenocytes. BALB/c mice were intraperitoneally primed with ovalbumin together with alum adjuvant to invoke antigen-specific Th1/Th2 cytokine-secreting cell populations in splenocytes. Spleen cells from mice fed with Lactobacillus confusus PL9001 (KCCM-10245), L. fermentum PL9005 (KCCM-10250), L. plantarum PL9011 (KCCM-10358), and Bifidobacterium infantis PL9506 (KCCM-10406) suppressed the levels of Th2 cell cytokines such as IL-4 and IL-5 during antigen sensitization. In addition, all mice fed with LABs induced secretion of Th1 cell cytokines such as IL-2 in splenocytes. These results suggested that LABs are anti-allergic agents, in view of their Th1/anti-Th2 immunoregulation.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.43 no.1
• /
• pp.1-5
• /
• 1998

Experiments were carried out to find out the optimum water potential, temperature, and duration for the priming of rice seeds, Oryza sativa L. (cv. Ilpumbyeo) for better germination at sub-optimal temperatures. Seeds were primed in 0, -0.2, -0.4, -0.6, -0.8, and -1.0 MPa PEG (polyethylene glycol) solutions at $25^{\circ}C$. The optimum water potential for seed priming, the highest water potential at which rice seeds did not germinate, was -0.6 MPa. To find out optimum priming temperature and duration rice seeds were primed in -0.6 MPa PEG solution and 0 MPa (water as a control) for various durations at 15 and $25^{\circ}C$ and the seeds were germinated at 17, 20, and $25^{\circ}C$. Considering germination rate and speed, the optimum priming time in water (0 MPa) was 4 days at 15$^{\circ}C$ and 1 day at $25^{\circ}C$, while 4 days was the optimum priming time in a -0.6 MPa PEG solution, regardless of the priming temperature. Priming reduced the actual time of germination, especially at sub-optimal temperatures. Priming did not affect germination rate in -0.6 MPa PEG solution at 15$^{\circ}C$, but overpriming reduced the final germination rate in water at 15$^{\circ}C$ and in -0.6 PEG solution at $25^{\circ}C$. Total sugars and $\alpha$-amylase activity induced during the seed priming were negatively correlated with the final germination rate and there was no noted relationship with the speed or uniformity of germination.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.37 no.2
• /
• pp.134-140
• /
• 1992

Carrot(Daucus carota L.) seeds (CV Danver 126) were primed and then separated by density differences to improve both the percentage and time of radicle emergence. Seeds for priming were soaked in aerated distilled water for 2 days (water imbibed), 25% solution of polyethylene glycol(PEG) 6000 for 6 or 10 days, salt solution of 0.2M KNO$_3$＋0.1M $K_2$HPO$_4$ for 6 or 10 days, or mixed with Agro-Lig with 90% moisture content for 6 days and 70% moisture content for 6 or 10 days (SMP) at 2$0^{\circ}C$, respectively. The greatest embryo growth and the highest radicle emergence were observed from the seeds treated SMP with 90% moisture content for 6 days among the primed treatments. After the SMP treatment, the seeds were separated into density classes with a float-sink procedure using aqueous solution of Maltrin 600 with 0.02/cm$^3$ density increments. The lower density classes of the carrot seeds, the more embryo growth, the higher and the faster rates of radicle emergence were exhibited in order from 1.06 to 1.14 density classes of the carrot seeds treated SMP.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.60-67
• /
• 2000

Objectives : Radix Angelicae Gigantis(RAG) and Resina Ferulae(RF) have been used in oriental medicine or folk medicine to increase stamina. The aim of this study was the characterization of the mechanism of action of RAG and RF on smooth muscle and macrophages in rats to find new substances for the treatment of erectile dysfunction, cardiovascular diseases and immune dysfunction. Methods : We investigated the effects of the water extracts of RAG and RF on phenylephrine or KCl-contracted rat endothelium-denuded aorta, the production of NO in vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) and the production of NO and induction of iNOS in the $IFN-{\gamma}-primed$ RAW 264.7 cells. Results : The water extracts of the RAG and RF showed significant concentration-dependent relaxation effects on phenylephrine or KCl-contracted rat endothelium-denuded aorta. It also reduced the tension of the rat endothelium denuded aorta which was contracted in $Ca^{2+}-free$ media. On the other hand, it increased production of NO in VSMC which was stimulated with $IL-{\beta}$ or $IL-{\beta}$ plus $IFN-{\gamma}$. The water extracts of RAG and RF increased production of NO and induction of iNOS in the $IFN-{\gamma}-primed$ RAW 264.7 cells. Conclusions : According to the above results, the water extracts of RAG and RF relaxed the smooth muscle effectively and increased the production of NO in VSMC and macrophages. So, these herbs can be applied to erectile dysfunction, hypertension, angina pectoris, artherosclerosis and a defense defect for virus or microbe.

• Journal of Adhesion and Interface
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.105-110
• /
• 2011

Polyester/melamine cured coatings had been used for pre-primed coatings and pre-coated metal coatings, because it has good mechanical,chemical properties, and mar resistance. But it has weak points such as stiffness and low formability for making automotive components. Polyester had been synthesized using polycarbonate diol of long alkyl chain which can improve flexibility and formability which is one of the important factors for pre-coated steel sheets (PCM). In this study, strain and tensile strength were examined by the tensile test and formability was examined by the drawing test. Also, Those polyester resins were also measured by DMA to verify flexibility of cured coatings.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
• /
• v.38 no.1
• /
• pp.18-23
• /
• 2011

Objective: Peroxiredoxins (Prxs) play an important role in regulating cellular differentiation and proliferation in several types of mammalian cells. This report examined the expression of Prx isotype I in the rat ovary after hormone treatment. Methods: Immature rats were injected with 10 IU of pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin (PMSG) to induce the growth of multiple preovulatory follicles and 10 IU of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) to induce ovulation. Immature rats were also treated with diethylstilbestrol (DES), an estrogen analogue, to induce the growth of multiple immature follicles. Northern blot analysis was performed to detect gene expression. Cell-type specific localization of Prx I mRNA were detected by in situ hybridization analysis. Results: During follicle development, ovarian Prx I gene expression was detected in 3-day-old rats and had increased in 21-day-old rats. The levels of Prx I mRNA slightly declined one to two days following treatment with DES. A gradual increase in Prx I gene expression was observed in ovaries obtained from PMSG-treated immature rats. Furthermore, hCG treatment of PMSG-primed rats resulted in a gradual stimulation of Prx I mRNA levels by 24 hours (2.1-fold increase) following treatment, which remained high until 72 hours following treatment. In situ hybridization analysis revealed the expression of the Prx I gene in the granulosa cells of PMSG-primed ovaries and in the corpora lutea of ovaries stimulated with hCG for 72 hours. Conclusion: These results demonstrate the gonadotropin and granulosa cell-specific stimulation of Prx I gene expression, suggesting its role as a local regulator of follicle development.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.19 no.10
• /
• pp.111-118
• /
• 2021

As increasing interests in charitable giving, there is also a growing need to examine the factors which influences on consumer's giving behavior. Whereas past research focused mainly on one-time donation, this study examined how gender affects giving behaviors related to social connection with a donee. In Study 1, we found that compared to men, women showed more favorable attitudes toward the relationship based giving. Results from Study 2 revealed that, compared to male-primed women, female-primed women reported more positive giving intention. They are also more interested in interaction with donee. The current research demonstrates that gender differences leads to different responses towards the relationship based giving. Implications of this research for charity solicitation methods are discussed.

• Information Systems Review
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.1-14
• /
• 2020

This study aims to contribute to the existing literature in creativity from the viewpoint of neuro-physiological analysis. Further, we looked at emotional influences on creativity within a business problem-solving context that implemented the use of a cognitive map in exploring creativity. For this purpose, we measured brain cortical activity as people solved a business strategy problem to explore the neural mechanisms of "insight problems" that are influenced by distinct emotions. Through an Electroencephalography (EEG) analysis of 34 qualified participants, we investigated the relationship between emotions and business problem-solving creativity (BPSC). Insightful results were derived such that participants primed in a negative condition evoked higher temporal alpha band activity compared to those primed in the positive condition. Meanwhile, there were no significant differences between two priming conditions on the other band activities. Therefore, this study sheds a very positive light on the scholarly value of conducting rigorous studies about the relationship between emotional states and BPSC status.