• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.92-100
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• 1986

Results of reoperation for tissue valve failure were presented with review of current knowledge. Through January 1986, 19 patients required reoperation: 18 had undergone mitral, 2 aortic, and 1 tricuspid valve. Primary tissue failure was the main cause of tissue valve failure: it occurred in 18 valves [15 mitral, 2 aortic, and 1 tricuspid] at a mean postoperative interval of 54-25 months [range 29-120]. During the same period, 2 patients required reoperation for prosthetic valve endocarditis, 1 for paravalvular leakage. The types of valves failed were 12 lonescu-Shiley valves, 5 Hancock valves, and 1 Carpentier-Edwards valve. All 6 patients younger than 15 years of age at first operation had been implanted with lonescu-Shiley valves and failed after a mean interval of 35 months. In contrast, 11 patients older than 15 years had been implanted with 5 Hancock, 6 lonescu-Shiley, and 1 Carpentier-Edwards valve initially, and eventually failed after mean intervals of 81, 53, 47 months each other. The kinds of valves used at reoperation were 8 lonescu-Shiley, 4 Bjork-Shiley, and 6 St. Jude Medical valves for primary tissue failure cases and 3 lonescu-Shiley valves for the other 3 cases. Overall mortality at reoperation was 10%: 5.6% for primary tissue failure, 50% for prosthetic valve endocarditis. In 15 cases [all mitral] primary tissue failure were caused by calcification associated with or without leaflet destruction or fibrous ingrowth, and in 2 cases [all aortic] caused by cusp perforation and tearing without any evidence of calcification. In conclusion: 1 primary tissue failure is the main cause of reoperation in patients with tissue valve failure; 2. the majority of the failed valves is in mitral position; 3. leaflet calcification is the leading pathology of primary tissue failure; 4, reoperation for tissue valve failure may be a major concern, although the mortality is low; 5. the limited durability of tissue valve suggests its use be restricted to selected cases.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.253-262
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• 2008

Background: Incomplete flap coverage or early exposure over implants and/or barrier membranes have a negative effect on bone regeneration. In cases of using regenerative techniques, complete soft tissue coverage of the implant area is necessary to promote adequate conditions for guided bone regeneration. Primary socket closure may be difficult, when periosteal releasing incision is only used, due to the opening left by extracted tooth. Therefore, Soft tissue grafting techniques are used to achieve primary soft tissue closure. Materials and Methods: Soft tissue grafting techniques, with or without barrier membranes, were performed for primary closure in four cases of immediate placements. Three different methods were used (CTG, VIP-CT, Palatal advanced flap). Clinical results of the grafting were evaluated. Result: One case showed early exposure of cover-screw and, no other complications were noted. In the others, Primary closure was achieved by soft tissue grafting techniques. One of the cases, Graft showed partial necrosis, but there were no exposure over implants and/or barrier membranes. Conclusion: The use of grafting techniques, in immediate implant placement, can predictably obtain primary closure of extraction sockets, thereby providing predictable bone formation and improved implant results.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.60-67
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• 2001

The microscopic characteristics and cellulose structures of primary and secondary tissues in Pinus densiflora S. et Z. were examined. Cells of primary tissue in cross section showed an irregular arrangement and round shape. Fiber lengths were 200 to $250{\mu}m$ in primary tissue, and 1,500 to $1,600{\mu}m$ in secondary tissue. Cell diameters in primary tissue were larger than those in secondary tissue; 40 to $50{\mu}m$ in former and 10 to $20{\mu}m$ in latter. Crystallite width and d-spacing of (200) in both tissues did not show any significant differences. However, crystallinity indices by Segal's method showed significant differences as 23% in primary tissue and 35% in secondary tissue. In the orientation of cellulose microfibril, primary tissues had a random pattern, whereas, secondary tissues presented an oriented pattern with 20 to 30 degree. The cellulose crystalline of primary tissue was easily transformed into cellulose II by mercerization, but that of secondary tissue hardly transformed. It is considered that the difference of crystal transformation in both tissues could be caused by the difference of lignification.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Esthetic Dentistry
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.33-39
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• 2021

When maxillary anterior tooth is extracted due to alveolar bone loss, the augmentation of alveolar ridge is very important for esthetic implant restoration. Because alveolar bone loss increases after extraction, the ridge preservation performed right after tooth extraction is meaningful for esthetic implant restoration. However, no achievement of primary closure during ridge preservation can negatively affect bone regeneration. To overcome this problem, we can use granulation tissue in the extraction socket for primary closure. This case report confirmed that primary closure using granulation tissue resulted in not only ridge preservation but also ridge augmentation by providing an environment more advantageous of bone regeneration than the open wound.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.54 no.7
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• pp.501-512
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• 2016

We evaluated a self-inflatable osmotic tissue expander for its utility in creating sufficient soft tissue elongation for primary closure after bone grafting. Six patients with alveolar defects who required vertical augmentation of >6 mm before implant placement were enrolled. All had more than three prior surgeries, and flap advancement for primary coverage was restricted by severely fibrosed scars. Expanders were inserted beneath the flap and fixed with a screw. After 4 weeks, expander removal and bone grafting were performed simultaneously. A vertical block autograft and guided bone regeneration and distraction osteogenesis were performed. Expansion was sufficient to cover the grafted area without additional periosteal incision. Complications included mucosal perforation and displacement of the expander. All augmentation procedures healed uneventfully and the osseous implants were successfully placed. The tissue expander may facilitate primary closure by increasing soft tissue volume. In our experience, this device is effective, rapid, and minimally invasive, especially in fibrous scar tissue.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.30-35
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• 2018

Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models are useful tools for tumor biology research and testing the efficacy of candidate anticancer drugs targeting the druggable mutations identified in tumor tissue. However, it is still unknown how much of the genetic alterations identified in primary tumors are consistently detected in tumor tissues in the PDX model. In this study, we analyzed the genetic alterations of three primary colorectal cancers (CRCs) and matched xenograft tissues in PDX models using a next-generation sequencing cancer panel. Of the 17 somatic mutations identified from the three CRCs, 14 (82.4%) were consistently identified in both primary and xenograft tumors. The other three mutations identified in the primary tumor were not detected in the xenograft tumor tissue. There was no newly identified mutation in the xenograft tumor tissues. In addition to the somatic mutations, the copy number alteration profiles were also largely consistent between the primary tumor and xenograft tissue. All of these data suggest that the PDX tumor model preserves the majority of the key mutations detected in the primary tumor site. This study provides evidence that the PDX model is useful for testing targeted therapies in the clinical field and research on precision medicine.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.155-164
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• 2005

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to compare interrelations between primary headache (including migraine) and Iris Constitution through iris constitution examination. Methods : The subjects were 50 patients who admitted to Chonju Oriental Medicine Hospital attached to Wonkwang Univ. from February.1st.2004 to March.31th.2005. The subjects were constituted of primary headache(including migraine) patients who were examined by Iris Constitution analysis. Results & Conclusion : Among 50 cases of primary headache(including migraine) the distribution of Iris Constitution were as follows. 1. There were 14 cases of neurogenic type, 9 cases of abdominal connective tissue weakness type, 8 cases of cardio-renal connective tissue weakness type, 6 cases of neurogenic + abdominal connective tissue weakness type, 5 cases of neurogenic type+ cardio-renal connective tissue weakness type, 5 cases of abdominal connective tissue weakness type + cardio-renal connective tissue weakness type, 2 cases of hydrogenic type, 1 case of abdominal connective tissue weakness type + mesenchymal pathological connective tissue weakness constitution. 2. There were 25 cases of which included neurogenic constitution, 21 cases of which included abdominal connective tissue weakness constitution, 18 cases of which included cardio-renal connective tissue. Migraine have a meaningful interrelation with Iris constitution, especially with neurogenic type, abdominal connective tissue weakness type and cardio-renal connective tissue weakness type. 3. Interrelation between Region of migraine and Iris constitution is non-specific with the exception of interrelation between pain in all over head with neurogenic type. These results suggest that the further study in connection with these results should be followed. 4. The interrelation between the period of migraine and Iris constitution is not remarkable.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.246-255
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• 1989

A total and consecutive 291 patients of isolated single mitral valve replacement using the Ionescu-Shiley bovine pericardial xenograft valve operated on between October 1978 and June 1983 were retrospectively studied for the durability of the substitute valves based on the structural degeneration of primary tissue failure which had been proved on their re-replacement surgery. The mean age at the initial surgery was 32.4*12.5 years, and the operative mortality rate was 5.2 %. The early survivors of 276 patients were followed up for a total 1148.3 patient-years[mean\ulcornerD, 4.16*2.57 years]at the follow-up end of June 1988. They experienced 4 major late complications: 1.045 % thromboembolism/patient-year [pt-yr]; 0.871 % bleeding/pt-yr; 0.610% endocarditis/pt-yr; and 3.309% overall valve failure/pt-yr or 1.655% primary tissue failure/pt-yr. The actuarial survival rates were 89.4*2.2% and 87.7*2.5% at 5 and 10 years after initial surgery respectively. The probabilities of freedom from thromboembolism were 95.1*1.6% and 93.2*2.0% at 5 and 10 years after surgery. Nineteen patients underwent re-replacement of the Ionescu-Shiley valve because of primary tissue failure, and there was no operative mortality. The incidence of primary tissue failure was highest for the patients less than 15 years of age occurring in 9 out of 27 patients [33.3 %] or 8.68 %/pt-yr, while it was 4.0 % or 0.96 %/pt-yr for the rest of patients older than this age. The probabilities of freedom from primary tissue failure were 96.7*1.4 % and 84.2*3.8% at 5 and 9 years after surgery. The freedom from tissue failure increased as the age limits of cumulative younger patients were increased while it decreased as the age limits of cumulative older patients were decreased. Although it is clear that the Ionescu-Shiley valve would degenerate prematurely in young patients, the definite age limit could not be identified when the risk of early failure was significantly high.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.56 no.6
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• pp.509-512
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• 2014

Primary intraosseous meningioma is a rare tumor, and atypical pathologic components both osteolytic lesion and dura and soft tissue invasion is extremely rare. A 65-year-old woman presented with a 5-month history of a soft mass on the right frontal area. MR imaging revealed a 4 cm sized, multilobulated, strongly-enhancing lesion on the right frontal bone, and CT showed a destructive skull lesion. The mass was adhered tightly to the scalp and dura mater, and it extended to some part of the outer and inner dural layers without brain invasion. The extradural mass and soft tissue mass were totally removed simultaneously and we reconstructed the calvarial defect with artificial bone material. The pathological study revealed an atypical meningioma as World Health Organization grade II. Six months after the operation, brain MR imaging showed that not found recurrence in both cranial and spinal lesion. Here, we report a case of primary osteolytic intraosseous atypical meningioma with soft tissue and dural invasion.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.165-170
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• 1998

Background and Objectives : Decannulation failure may result from factors such as inadequate ability 0 clear secretion, mucosal induration, granulation tissue, restenosis, tracheal wall depression and vocal cord palsy. We were to evaluate the effectiveness of surgical treatment on the basis of site and type of stenosis. Materials and Method : A series of 44 cases of decannulation difficulty between 1993 and 1997 were reviewed. The following data were collected on each of these patients : primary disease, indication for tracheostomy, site of stenosis, endoscopic findings of stenosis, surgical techniques used for treatment. Results : Primary diseases were 30 head trauma, 4 neck injury, 10 other diseases. Indication for tracheostomy were 37 prolonged intubation, 4 emergency tracheostomy, 3 laryngeal trauma. Endoscopic findings of stenosis were 24 granulation tissue, 16 laryngotracheal collapse, 4 combined with granulation tissue and collapse. Site of stenosis were 3 glottic, 9 subglottic, 24 stomal, 1 substomal, 7 mixed. 22 of 24 cases were decannulation using endoscopic treatment. Conclusion : The most common cause of failed decannulation was sternal granulation tissue. The most effective treatment of granulation tissue was endoscopic technique.