• 제목/요약/키워드: price elasticity

검색결과 206건 처리시간 0.033초

FTA가 부산지역 제조업의 무역에 미치는 영향 (A Study on the Trade Effects of FTAs in Busan's Manufacturing Industry)

  • 황영순;김홍률
    • 통상정보연구
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    • 제14권4호
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    • pp.517-541
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    • 2012
  • 우리나라는 2012년 11월 현재 총 8건, 45개국과 자유무역협정(FTA)을 발효하고 있다. 본격적인 FTA 시대가 전개됨에 따라 부산도 FTA의 혜택을 직접적으로 얻고 있는데, 부산의 전체 교역의 약 36%는 FTA 체결국과의 교역이며, EU, ASEAN, 유럽자유무역연합(EFTA)와의 교역비중은 전국 평균보다 높다. 특히, 칠레, 싱가포르, 유럽국가들과의 교역은 부산의 지리적 여건, 산업구조상의 특성 등으로 인해 발효 이후 3년 동안 200% 이상 크게 증가하였다. 지난 11년간의 통계자료를 이용하여 부산 제조업의 수출 및 수입 수요함수를 추정한 결과 수출탄력성은 1.38으로 탄력적이고, 수입탄력성은 0.83으로 비탄력적으로 나타났다. 따라서 FTA 시대에도 부산 제조업의 무역흑자는 당분간 지속될 것으로 예상되었다. 그러나 그 원인이 수출단가 하락에 따른 수출확대라는 점에서 향후에도 안정적인 무역흑자를 유지할 것이라고 기대하기는 어렵다. 세계 45개국과의 FTA가 본격적으로 발효됨에 따라 부산 제조업의 무역흑자는 연간 1억 752만달러씩 증가하여 부산경제 활성화에 기여할 것으로 예상되었다. 주로 수출에서는 자동차, 철강, 선박, 일반기계, 자동차부품의 수출이 증가할 것이고, 수입에서는 정밀기계, 화학, 광물 등 원자재 및 자본재의 수입증가가 예상된다.

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Joint Pricing and Lot Sizing Policy under Order-Size-Dependent Delay in Payments

  • Seong Whan Shinn
    • 대한안전경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한안전경영과학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회
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    • pp.77-86
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    • 2000
  • This paper deals with the problem of determining the retailer's optimal price and order size under the condition of order-size-dependent delay in payments. It is assumed that the length of delay is a function of the retailer's total amount of purchase. The constant price elasticity demand function is adopted which is a decreasing function of retail price. Investigation of the properties of an optimal solution allows us to develop an algorithm whose validity is illustrated through an example problem.

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양식해태의 유통에 관한 조사 연구 (A Study on Marketing of Cultured Laver Products)

  • 유충열
    • 수산경영론집
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    • 제4권1_2호
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    • pp.19-57
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    • 1973
  • Laver io one of the most necessary and seasonal items in Korean food from oldtimes. Laver is lagely eaten in dried form, and its supply depends entirely upon culture weeds. The history of laver culture in Korea about sixty or seventy years is older than in Japan. Significance of laver culture is divided into two aspects, one is food supply in the nation, and the other is export to other countries. Houses engaged in laver culture are about foully thousands, and laver production in 1972 is estimated as 1, 3 bitten sheets. (1 sheet is a dried laver of 20 cm sq, in the shape of paper) Especcially meaning of layer production is the concentration of labour input, and systematic management of labour. From around 1920, the method of laver culture was introduced by Japanese Imperialism for mono culture in shallow seas, and mass products of laver is provided to Japan market, DOMESTIC MARKET Fundamental consume function calculates at below, $D_{(68_71)}$=16354 $Y^{0.471}$ $P^{-1.0662}$ where D is total layer demand, Y income variable, P price variable. It means income elasticity is 476. in the whole country, and price elasticity is 1, 07. But generally income elasticity is higher in urban area than in rural area, as shown at 1, 3 in Seoul city. Expence of laver in house expenditure is mutually correlated with another expence, See Table 12 about the relative function. See Table 14 and 16 about the relation between the gathering and the changes of price in auction, wholesale and retail price support system is for two effects, one of which is constraint of the upper price, the other is rise of the lower price. Before the system control, the equation in three year average calculated as below, $Y_{b}$ =18, 907.7455+15435.9364 t (r=0.89) where the origin t=0 is the November and the units are month. Post the system control, $Y_{p}$ =30, 047.9636+1, 631.1721t (r=0.97) therefore, this system has an effect only on the rise of lower price, Average annual margins of laver products at four market levels according to the consumer spent is below. EXPORTING MARKET Japanese demand function of laver products is, Log D=5, 289+1, 108 Log Y-1, 395 Log P (r=0.987) where D is Japanese laver demand, Y income variable, P price variable. according to which income elasticity is 1. 1 and price elasticity is 1.4. Laver production in 1970 tile highest record till then, is estimated as six billion sheets. But the recent improvement of laver culture techniques, the production of seeds and freezing storage of seeds has been stabilized. Futher new culture farms have been developed by means of break- water fences or by floating culture method. These improvements have been backed up with increased demand of laver products. Import quantity and price of Korean laver products are restrained by three organizations, that is producer, distributor and consumer. This relationship calculated by regression equation shows that import is influenced only producer organization, at the sacrifice of consumer profit. For increase to export of laver products, we urgently require to open foreign trade of laver products for Japanese consumer, .and Japan has political responsibility to solve Korean laver structure. But with long run timeseries, as regards Japanese production and import quantity, importing function shows increasing trend as below, 250 million sheets <3, 947.1674+0.005 $L_{g}$ >) 600 million sheets where $L_{q}$ is relative production quantity of laver in Japan. (unit; 100 thousand sheets) Our Export effort should be put on the highly processed products whithin the restraind quote.ote.

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종량제봉투 가격이 생활폐기물 배출량에 미치는 영향: 부산광역시 자연실험 사례 (Effect of Pay-as-you-throw Bag Prices on Domestic Waste: Evidence from a Natural Experiment of Busan)

  • 구남규
    • 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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    • 제31권3호
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    • pp.319-342
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    • 2022
  • 본 연구는 2019년 부산광역시 일부 자치구의 종량제봉투 가격 인하 사례를 이용하여 자연실험 합성집단통제 이중차분법을 통해 종량제봉투 가격이 생활폐기물 배출량에 미치는 영향을 분석했다. 수요 및 가격탄력도를 추정할 때 흔히 발생할 수 있는 내생성 문제를 고려하기 위해 가격 동결 자치구를 합성통제집단으로, 가격 인하 자치구를 처치집단으로 설정하여 분석했다. 분석 결과, 수요의 가격탄력도는 0.05~0.11 수준으로 종량제봉투 가격은 판매량에 거의 영향을 미치지 못했다. 종량제봉투는 필수재적 성격이 강하고 가구 소득에서 차지하는 비중이 매우 작기 때문으로 보인다. 이는 종량제봉투의 수요곡선이 거의 수직에 가까우므로 폐기물 감소 목표 달성을 위해서는 가격정책 보다 수요곡선 자체를 이동시킬 수 있는 정책이 더욱 효과적일 수 있음을 시사한다.

Synchronous Price Discovery of Cross-Listings

  • Chen, Haiqiang;Choi, Moon Sub
    • Management Science and Financial Engineering
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    • 제20권1호
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    • pp.11-16
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    • 2014
  • Extending from Grossman and Stiglitz (1980), we provide an asset pricing model of a synchronously traded cross-listed pair under information asymmetry. Following Garbade and Silber (1983), the model further embraces multi-market price discovery in a dynamic framework. The implications are as follows: The price sensitivity of holdings is higher for informed traders than for uninformed traders; the largest cross-border price spread occurs in the absence of arbitrageurs; price discovery is more likely in markets with a larger population of informed traders; and parity convergence accelerates with a higher price elasticity of demand of arbitrageurs.

국내 이동통신 서비스의 소비자 잉여 추정 (Estimating the Consumer Surplus of the Mobile Telecommunication Services)

  • 조성한;백태영;엄명용
    • 기술혁신연구
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    • 제13권1호
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    • pp.295-315
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    • 2005
  • The mobile telecommunication service industry plays major role of the realization to the perfect information society in the 21st century and has a great influence in society and culture. The government has enticed the mobile company to keep up to make the mobile service fee low. In this situation, this paper estimates consumer surplus and price elasticity with on-line survey data from the consumer of mobile service. The total estimated consumer surplus of the market is reached to 6.43trillion won. The consumer surplus from SKT is estimated to 4.98trillion won and 1.66trillion won and 0.67trillion won was made by KTF and LGT respectively. The result also shows that consumer surplus is expected to be increased by the increase of the mobile service demand and the sales.

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소비자의 가격탄력성을 고려한 최적조류계산 (Optimal Power Flow Considering Price Elasticity of Customer)

  • 정상현;신영균;김발호
    • 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한전기학회 2002년도 추계학술대회 논문집 전력기술부문
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    • pp.372-374
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    • 2002
  • The Optimal Power Flow(OPF) is the optimization model that has different constraints and the specified objective function, which is very useful tool for efficient system and market operation in the competitive electricity market. The existed OPF models focus on the minimization of generation fuel cost under informed demand values at each bus Recently, the studies of OPF model with demand function considering the response behavior of customers in the deregulated electricity market have been executed. This paper implements the OPF model using demand function with specified price elasticity, and provides the analysis of related results.

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전력 수요함수에 따른 공급자의 입찰전략 연구 (A Study of Supplier's Bidding Strategies by Piecewise Demand Function)

  • 조철희;최석근;이광호
    • 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한전기학회 2003년도 하계학술대회 논문집 A
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    • pp.615-617
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    • 2003
  • In electricity market with a imperfect competition, participants make plans of biddings and transaction strategies to maximize their own profits. The market price and the quantity are determined by bidding systems and market demands. Practically the characteristics of power demand have rather two forms; elastic region and inelastic region, than constant slope elasticity. Furthermore the price cap in the market can be modelled as a region of perfect elasticity in the demand function. This paper analyses supplier's bidding strategies which are reflected the characteristics of practical demand. Equilibrium strategies are solved by using the Bertrand model and payoff matrices.

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PRICING VULNERABLE POWER OPTION UNDER A CEV DIFFUSION

  • Ha, Mijin;Kim, Donghyun;Yoon, Ji-Hun
    • East Asian mathematical journal
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    • 제37권5호
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    • pp.553-566
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    • 2021
  • In the over-the-counter market, option's buyers could have a problem for default risk caused by option's writers. In addition, many participants try to maximize their benefits obviously in investing the financial derivatives. Taking all these circumstances into consideration, we deal with the vulnerable power options under a constant elasticity variance (CEV) model. We derive an analytic pricing formula for the vulnerable power option by using the asymptotic analysis, and then we verify that the analytic formula can be obtained accurately by comparing our solution with Monte-Carlo price. Finally, we examine the effect of CEV on the option price based on the derived solution.

한국산 파프리카의 베트남 수출 활성화 방안에 대한 연구 (A Study on the Promotion of Korean Paprika Export to Vietnam)

  • 서영창;강창수;양성범
    • 한국유기농업학회지
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    • 제31권3호
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    • pp.191-209
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    • 2023
  • The purpose of this study is to establish a strategy to activate the export of Korean paprika to Vietnam. For this, we survey 202 adults in Vietnam, and analyzed the paprika purchase and consumption behavior, preferences, considerations, and willingness to pay. Most of respondents had purchased paprika, and offline grocery stores are the major purchasing location of paprika. The price elasticity of Korean paprika is greater than 1, showing more elasticity than other origins, and it is advantageous to implement the price reduction strategy. The number of household members and the level of education affect purchasing intentions. In conclusion, product composition targeting small households, pricing strategy, and K-Food marketing are appropriate.