• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.223-235
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to identify the association between health-related behaviors including smoking, alcohol intake, and the practice of a low-salt diet using data from a Community Health Survey conducted in 2008. The study subjects were 129,151 persons (19 years and older) without cardiovascular diseases or diabetes mellitus diagnosis history. An index for evaluating low salinity was created by summing three low salinity-related questions (range: 0~3), and a low-salt diet was defined if the index of low salinity was 3. We examined the levels of smoking and alcohol intake according to the index of low salinity, and conducted multiple logistic regression analysis to examine the odds ratios of low-salt diet practice in relation to smoking and drinking behavior, adjusting for general characteristics. The smoking and drinking status significantly improved as the level of low salinity index increase. Adjusting for general characteristics, those with smoking, alcohol intake, or a combined habit of the two behaviors had significantly lower odds ratios for practice of a low-salt diet. In conclusion, smoking and drinking behavior were negatively associated with the practice of a low-salt diet. Based on these findings, it may be necessary to have comprehensive nutritional education programs that consider the multiple effects of smoking, drinking, and a low-salt diet.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.19-30
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• 2013

This study was aimed to develop a new formula for herbal medicine-safety classification in terms of evidence-based medicine. Recently, human equivalent dose(HED)-based therapeutic index was developed for herbal medicine-safety classification by transforming $LD_{50}$ to HED. However, the use of the $ED_{50}$ and $LD_{50}$ to derive the therapeutic index may be misleading as to safety, depending on the slope of the dose-response curves for therapeutic and lethal effects. To overcome this deficiency, HED-based MOS(Margin of Safety)was developed and suggested in this study. The HED-based MOS developed by using $LD_1$, changing to ALD(approximate lethal dose), and $ED_{99}$. The HED-based MOS seems to be more useful and safer than HED-based therapeutic index since its values for several herbal medicines are basically two times less than the values from HED-based therapeutic index. Thus, HED-based MOS can be a good example of Evidence-based approach for herbal medicine-safety classification.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제54권10호
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• pp.752-770
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• 2016

Introduction: Caries prevention through diet control can be achieved clinically by use of the cariogenic potentiality for a range of food commonly eaten by Koreans. Material & methods: The cariogenic potentiality index of each food can be calculated with the sugar contents and the viscosity of each food applying the regression analysis on the variables. 278 favorite foods for Korean were examined. Result 1. The formula of CPI is as below Cariogenic potentiality index (CPI) = 2.581343*sugar contents+0.598324*viscosity 2. The average CPI of the fruits, vegetable are 9.07~9.62 minutes. But the average CPI of the carbohydrate food is 15.21~19.60 minutes. Conclusion: Using the cariogenic potentiality indices, we will be able to determine an individual patients' average oral status for caries experience in the future. In addition, diet control by use of the cariogenic potentiality index and the analysis for each nutrient is considered as useful clinically for diet control in preventive dentistry.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.455-461
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• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to investigate the association between remaining functional teeth and oral health-related quality of life using Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index(GOHAI) in the elderly. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was completed by 237 female elderly in Daegu from May to September, 2015. The questionnaire consisted of general characteristics of the subjects and Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index(GOHAI). A total of 216 female elderly data were analyzed for oral health status and their GOHAI score. Data were analyzed using SPSS 23.0 version. Logistic regression analysis showed the association of functional teeth and GOHAI score. Results: Number of functional teeth can affect oral health related quality of life in the elderly. When functional teeth is small, the odds ratio(OR) was 2.119(95% CI: 1.215-3.696). After adjusting age, residence type and education, OR was 1.900(95% CI: 1.060-3.399). Policies to preserve natural tooth should be recommended for increasing quality of life in general. Conclusions: This study showed significant association between number of functional teeth and the GOHAI score of the elderly women.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.153-164
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• 2016

Objectives: Previous studies have obtained conflicting findings regarding possible associations between indices measuring carbohydrate intake and dyslipidemia, which is an established risk factor of coronary heart disease. In the present study, we examined crosssectional associations between carbohydrate indices, including the dietary glycemic index (GI), glycemic load (GL), total amount of carbohydrates, and the percentage of energy from carbohydrates, and a range of blood lipid parameters. Methods: This study included 1530 participants (554 men and 976 women) from 246 families within the Healthy Twin Study. We analyzed the associations using a generalized linear mixed model to control for familial relationships. Results: Levels of the Apo B were inversely associated with dietary GI, GL, and the amount of carbohydrate intake for men, but these relationships were not significant when fat-adjusted values of the carbohydrate indices were used. Triglyceride levels were positively associated with dietary GI and GL in women, and this pattern was more notable in overweight participants (body mass index [BMI] ${\geq}25kg/m^2$). However, total, low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were not significantly related with carbohydrate intake overall. Conclusions: Of the blood lipid parameters we investigated, only triglyceride levels were positively related with dietary carbohydrate indices among women participants in the Healthy Twin Study, with an interactive role observed for BMI. However, these associations were not observed in men, suggesting that the association between blood lipid levels and carbohydrate intake depends on the type of lipid, specific carbohydrate indices, gender, and BMI.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.983-992
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• 2017

Objectives: This study is to compare measuring gingival and peridontal indices and changes in dental plaque per period using a three mix types of dentifrice and to investigate dental diseases preventive effects depending on gingivitis reducing effect of dentifrice through a clinical experiment. Methods: This study targeted adult females and males with mild to moderate gingivitis from age 20 to 60. The Calculus index, Papillary Marginal Attached Gingival (PMA) index, Gingival index, Patient Hygiene Performance (PHP) index, and Plaque index were measured at pre-experiment and at 1, 2, 4 weeks post experiment. Results: The PMA, Gingival index, PHP index, plaque index of experimentla group decreased after 4 weeks (p<0.05). Conclusions: A three mix types of dentifrice for relieving tooth sensitivity was verified to be effective in removing dental plaque and reducing gingivitis.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.394-401
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• 2012

Objectives: Diabetes and obesity each increases mortality, but recent papers have shown that lean Asian persons were at greater risk for mortality than were obese persons. The objective of this study is to determine whether an interaction exists between body mass index (BMI) and diabetes, which can modify the risk of death by cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods: Subjects who were over 20 years of age, and who had information regarding BMI, past history of diabetes, and fasting blood glucose levels (n=16 048), were selected from the Korea Multi-center Cancer Cohort study participants. By 2008, a total of 1290 participants had died; 251 and 155 had died of CVD and stroke, respectively. The hazard for deaths was calculated with hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) by Cox proportional hazard model. Results: Compared with the normal population, patients with diabetes were at higher risk for CVD and stroke deaths (HR, 1.84; 95% CI, 1.33 to 2.56; HR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.20 to 2.76; respectively). Relative to subjects with no diabetes and normal BMI (21 to 22.9 $kg/m^2$), lean subjects with diabetes (BMI <21 $kg/m^2$) had a greater risk for CVD and stroke deaths (HR, 2.83; 95% CI, 1.57 to 5.09; HR, 3.27; 95% CI, 1.58 to 6.76; respectively), while obese subjects with diabetes (BMI ${\geq}25kg/m^2$) had no increased death risk (p-interaction <0.05). This pattern was consistent in sub-populations with no incidence of hypertension. Conclusions: This study suggests that diabetes in lean people is more critical to CVD deaths than it is in obese people.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한예방의학회 2005년도 제57차 추계 학술대회 연제집
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• pp.322-322
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• 2005

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한예방의학회 2002년도 제10회 춘계 심포지움 연제집
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• pp.87-87
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• 2002

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.451-454
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• 2010

Objectives: The American Diabetes Association (ADA) has recently recommended the HbA1c assay as one of four options for making the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, with a cut-point of $\geq$ 6.5%. We compared the HbA1c assay and the fasting plasma glucose level for making the diagnosis of diabetes among Korean adults. Methods: We analyzed 8710 adults (age 45-74 years), who were not diagnosed as having diabetes mellitus, from the Namwon study population. A fasting plasma glucose level of $\geq$126 mg/dL and an A1c of $\geq$ 6.5% were used for the diagnosis of diabetes. The kappa index of agreement was calculated to measure the agreement between the diagnosis based on the fasting plasma glucose level and the HbA1c. Results: The kappa index of agreement between the fasting plasma glucose level and HbA1c was 0.50. Conclusions: The agreement between the fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c for the diagnosis of diabetes was moderate for Korean adults.