• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.51-63
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• 2015

This study investigated how presence will affect the user's trust in educational serious game. To achieve our research purposes, we divide presence into two parts: virtual presence and social presence and identify the relationship between trust and trustworthiness. and also, we separate out trust such as trust in learning and trust in fun according to users purposes. We conduct the survey using the english serious game for university student. The results show that presence significantly influence on trustworthiness and also trustworthiness effect on trust in learning and fun.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.923-926
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• 2005

We explain the Presence Model defined in IETF IMPP WG. We also roughly explain the standards defined methods and behaviors among components for services according to presence model. We especially explain the XCAP technology which is defined authorization rules related subscription and notification of presence information and describe the design considerations of PA server for presence service.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2003.04d
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• pp.214-216
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• 2003

SIP(Session Initiation Protocol)는 사용자간에 멀티미디어 세션을 생성, 수정, 종료를 위한 응용계층의 시그널링 프로토콜로써 확장성이 뛰어나 여러 인터넷 응용분야에 적용이 가능하다. SIP를 이용한 확장 서비스의 하나인 Presence 서비스는 사용자들간에 현재 위치의 변화에 따른 최신 정보를 제공함으로써 VoIP(Voice over IP), 인스턴트 메시징(Instant Messaging) 등 Presence 정보를 기반으로 하는 여러 응용 서비스와 연계하여 활용이 가능하다. Presence 서비스에서의 Watcher 정보는 특정한 자원(resource)에 대한 모든 등록(subscription) 상태를 의미하며 이 상태는 동적(dynamic)으로 변화하게 된다. 따라서 사용자는 이러한 변화되는 상태를 알기 위하여 watcher 정보에 등록할 필요가 생긴다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 SIP 기반의 Presence 시스템에서 동적으로 변화하는 사용자들의 등록 상태를 알려주는 Watcher 정보 서비스를 구현하였다.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.79-85
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• 2013

In SIP(Session Initiation Protocol) environment, the presence server should process SIP SUBSCRIBE request messages including multiple presence resources addresses from users, and also precess massive notification messages from the subscribed presence resources. The load of the presence server increases as number of users increase, and it limits system extendability. Therefore a new multiple presence servers architecture has been suggested in this research. In this architecture presence servers can be added dynamically and each server's load can be controlled effectively as number of users increase. Each presence server can monitor current load status of entire presence system by using presence event notification package which newly has been suggested in this paper. When a particular presence server's load increases over predefined limit, the presence service processing is distributed by selecting a server which has the smallest load, or by generating a new server dynamically. In this system the overall load of the entire system can be controlled optimally and extendability of the system can be increased. For this purpose a new presence event notification package and presence information data format have been suggested. The performance of the proposed system has been evaluated by experiments. They shows 44.3% increase in SUBSCRIBE message processing time, and 43.1% increase in Notification message processing time.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.14 no.10
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• pp.165-178
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• 2016

Purpose - This study aims to empirically verify the impact of media richness, social presence, and prior life satisfaction on various continual usage or withdrawal behaviors of SNS users via both a positive path of satisfaction and a negative path of relative deprivation. By identifying these causal paths, we observe dynamic interactions of SNS user psychology in a balanced view, and provide some implications about design principles for SNS providers. Research design, data, and methodology - We developed 16 hypothesis based on media richness theory, social presence theory, social comparison theory, the literature about relative deprivation, and the literature about the various reactions of IS users. The rich SNS media, social presence recognition among peer SNS users, and prior life satisfaction could generate positive experience, attitude, and virtuous behavioral intentions among SNS users. At the same time, rich media, low social presence, and low prior life satisfaction could generate relative deprivation and could increase withdrawal behavioral intentions such as refusal to provide information, misrepresentation of information, and removal of uploaded information in SNS. Scenario surveys were conducted to collect data from potential SNS users. Data from 357 surveys were collected and analyzed through a PLS algorithm to test the hypotheses. Results - Media richness, social presence, and prior life satisfaction could significantly increase perceived enjoyment, satisfaction, and behavioral intention of continual usage and knowledge sharing. They also could significantly decrease refusal and misrepresentation intention. Relative deprivation is significantly decreased only by prior life satisfaction. Relative deprivation could not significantly decrease satisfaction, but it could significantly increase misrepresentation and removal intention, which could be regarded as information distortion intention. Conclusions - SNS providers should focus on developing rich media and social presence support because these two variables could impact the positive experiences of SNS users. Moreover, the positive experiences could heavily influence SNS user behavior. Some management is needed to prevent relative deprivation and its consequences of misrepresentation and removal intention. SNS providers should prevent SNS users from excessive image misrepresentation and removal as this information distortion could be the source of relative deprivation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2001.04a
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• pp.526-528
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• 2001

음성 통화와 데이터 통신을 결합하는 기술의 발전으로 다양한 통신 환경이 제공됨에 따라, 사용자의 온라인 여부를 알려주는 Presence 시스템이 새로운 통신 서비스 요구를 충족하는 기반 서비스로 등장하였다. Presence는 사용자의 온라인 여부와 접속 방법을 알려 줌으로써 통화 성공률을 증가시킨다. 본 고에서는 Presence 시스템의 구현을 위하여 기반 프로토콜로서 SIP(Session Initiation Protocol)를 채택하고 시스템을 설계 및 개발하는 방법을 제시한다. SIP는 음성 통신을 데이터 패킷망에서 구현하는 VoIP(Voice over IP) 시스템을 지원하기 위하여 제안되었다. 응용 레벨의 프로토콜인 SIP는 사용자가 통신망에 접속하는 지점을 변경하거나 다른 단말기를 사용하여 동일한 구별자(identifier)에 의하여 세션을 연결함으로써 사용자 이동성을 지원한다. 그러므로 SIP를 기반으로 하여, 온라인 사용자의 위치를 확인하는 Presence 시스템을 효율적으로 구현할 수 있다. 이와 같은 방법으로 개발한 Presence 시스템은 송신자에게 수신자의 상태 정보를 알려 줌으로써 통화 성공률을 증가시키며, 수산자가 때에 따라 수신 환경을 지정할 수 있도록 함으로써 통화 편리를 제공한다. 또한 이동 통신에서 위치 정보를 기반으로 하는 응용 서비스를 구현하는 기반 서비스로 적용 가능하다.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.23 no.11
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• pp.229-238
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to investigate the mediating effect of learners' learning flow in the effect of presence on academic achievement in web-based e-learning. For this purpose, this study analyzed the influencing relationship between the each factor based on the structural model with the learning flow as a mediator variable. Based on existing theoretical studies, learning satisfaction and academic achievement, which represent learning outcomes, are set as dependent variables, and teaching presence, cognitive presence, and social presence are set as independent variables. Data collected from a total of 256 e-learning learners were used in the analysis of this study. According to the results of the analysis, teaching presence, cognitive presence, and social presence were found to have a significant effect on academic achievement when a learning flow is a mediator variable. Concretely, teaching presence, cognitive presence, and social presence have a positive effect on the learning flow, while learning flow has a positive effect on learning satisfaction. On the other hand, learning flow has a negative effect on academic achievement. As a result of verifying the mediating effect of learning flow on the relationship between presence, learning satisfaction, and academic achievement, there was meditating effect in the aggregate. This study implies that in order to increase the level of learning satisfaction and academic achievement, it is necessary to make the teaching-learning design in the provision of contents and materials for e-learning so that the learner can feel the presence. The results of this study can be used as a basic data for seeking support and promotion strategies for enhancement of future learning flow and presence.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.39-47
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• 2008

This research was conducted to explore relationships among situation awareness, presence, and performance on a handheld game console. Situation Awareness was measured by SAGAT (Situation Awareness Global Assessment Technique) while presence was measured by PQ (Presence Questionnaire) version 3.0. The performance was measured by the number of aircraft shot down during the flight simulator game. The results show that both situation awareness and presence were positively significantly correlated with performance. In order to investigate the effect of performance level, subjects were divided into two significantly different groups: low and high performance groups. In the low performance group, both situation awareness and presence showed a significantly positive correlation with performance. The correlation between presence and situation awareness also showed a positively significant correlation. However, in the high performance group, there were no significant correlations among them. In conclusion, different performance levels could be said to be an important factor in the study of situation awareness and presence. Furthermore, this study also proved that the domain of research on situation awareness and presence was extended to small displays such as the handheld game console.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.67-73
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• 2010

In SIP(Session Initiation Protocol) environment, the presence event notification operation makes presence service user to recognize presence information status changes of the other party. In conventional method, the user should send each SIP SUBSCRIBE message containing the address of the other party to the presence server. Furthermore each presence subscription requires refresh messages, and the amount of notification messages from the other party becomes large. These facts increases network traffic and the load of presence server. In this paper, to solve these problems a new presence list service has been suggested. It uses a presence list consists of URI of the other party and make it possible to subscribe by using one SUBSCRIBE message. So this method decreases the amount of SUBSCRIBE messages and refresh messages, and it also decreases the amount processing event notification messages from the subscribed the other party. And to increase the efficiency, a presence filtering method which enables to include some parts of selected presence information into the notification message body has been also suggested. The implemented system can reduce SIP message related network traffic and message processing time of the presence server. The performance of this proposed system has been evaluated by experiments, and the results showed decreasing of server processing time.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.195-221
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• 2007

In this study, we investigate the effect of social presence and affection on the UCC service participation. We have conducted a face-to-face survey along with an e-mail survey and obtained a total of 329 responses. The findings show that social presence has a significant impact on pleasure and arousal. Social presence in turn show a positive impact on participation in the UCC service. Meanwhile, pleasure shows a negative effect on the UCC service participation, while arousal very strongly and positively affects the UCC service participation. The significance of this study can be found in that it empirically demonstrates the importance of social presence and affection in promoting the UCC service.