• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.118-129
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• 1990

Socioeconomic status in this county progressed rapidly, this has brought about many changes in health care fields, namely, pattern of disease prevalence and morbidity, increase of the aged people, and also availability of health care in rural areas. According to the utilization study of medical care, it showed that the oriental medicine is used for the treatment of lasted chronic disease not the minor and common diseases which is quick in its effect. Particularly, in rural areas. prevalence of chronic disease is higher than that in urban areas. Although the health cafe need of the oriental medicine is high in rural areas, the distribution of manpower and facilities is lower than that in urban areas. Therefore the government has planned to implement the demonstration project for the oriental medicine at the designated 3 health centers in rural areas. The purpose of this study was to collect the utilization level of oriental medical care of the people in rural areas. To meet the purpose of this study, patient interview were applied. 790 patients visited to health center in project areas were selected and analyzed by experienced interviewers from 2 April to 21 April 1990. The major findings of this study were as follows ; 1) Of the 790 patients, 32.6 percent of the respondents had experience of using the oriental medicine. As for the utilization by age and sex. 54.8% of those was female and 70.7% was 40 years of age and more. 2) Reaction to the question of educational achievement showed that on schooling and primary school graduates accounted for 63.1%. 3) The most user of oriental medicine resides in country level, where the health center is located, and 80 percent of those users resides within 10Km. 4) More than 50% of the total was the chronic diseases which lingered for more than 3months. 5) 32.6 percent of the total cases used the oriental medicine. 61.2% among those was treated by oriental medical care hospital and 38.8% by oriental drug dispensaries etc. 6) The contont of oriental medical care varied ; 50.1% for prescription of herb drugs for treatment, 25.1% for health maintenance and 23.9% for acupuncture, moxibustion etc. 7) As for the motivation for using the oriental medicine. 56.6% of the respondents was for treatment of diseases and 27.9% wes for strengthening the physical weakness. 8) As for the effectiveness of the oriental medicine. 70.3% of the total cases satisfied with that treatment and 84.2% of the total cases will use the oriental medicine when is provided by health center.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.554-566
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• 2008

Objectives : Modified Gamgil-tang is a prescription commonly used for respiratory diseases. This thesis was carried out to check the treatment effects and diversity of drug formulation by comparing extraction method of ethanol and water of modified Gamgil-tang. Methods : All experiments were carried out with water and 50% ethanol extraction for comparison. In vivo experiment, hyaluronidase inhibitory effects and trypsin inhibitory effects were tested to measure the anti-inflammatory effects activity. Scavenging effects of DPPH free radical, xanthine oxidase inhibitory effects and inhibition on TBA-RS formation were experimented to measure anti-oxidative effects. With the in vivo experiment, ICR group mice and SD group rats were used as experimental animals. An anti-inflammatory effects experiment were carried out to measure the action on carrageenin-induced hind paw edema: analgesic effects were measured using writhing syndrome induced by 0.7% acetic acid in mice: antipyretic effect was measured using endotoxin, and inhibitory effects of increase vascular permeability induced by 0.5% histamine were measured. Results : For extraction of glycyrrhizin contents, ethanol extract was extracted 2 times of that of water extract. Anti-inflammatory effects showed high in ethanol extract. Anti-oxidative effects measured high in ethanol extract. No significant result was found in inhibition on TBA-RS formation. Analgesic effects were found to be similar in water and ethanol extract. Antipyretic effects were found to be stronger in water extract. Inhibitory effects of increase vascular permeability induced by 0.5% histamine showed stronger in ethanol extract. Conclusion : By measuring anti-inflammatory effects, analgesic effects, antipyretic effects, anti-oxidative effects, and histamine permeation inhibition effects both in water extract and ethanol extract after adding agents such as Mentha Herba, Gardenias Fructus, and propolis to existing Gamgil-Tang, ethanol extract was found to be more effective in anti-inflammatory effects, analgesic effects, anti-oxidative effects, and histamine permeation inhibition effects. The converse was found for antipyretic effect.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.131-140
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• 2000

The clinical study was carried out the 41 patients with conversion disorder who were treated in Dae Jeon University Oriental Hospital from 26 september 1998 to 21 september 2000.The results were summarized as follows.1. The ratio of male and female was 4:37 and in the age distribution, the highest frequence was 40s, in descending order over 50s, 30s, 20s, 10s and mental attack was the most inducing factor.2. In distribution of the period of the clinical history. within one day was the highest percentage and in admission period most of the patients were from four days to seven days.3. In symptoms and signs, physical symptoms were more than mental symptoms, physical symptoms had many muscle-skeleton-system symptoms and they were in descending order general body weakness. headache, anorexia, chest discomfort, dyspepsia, dizziness, four extremities numbness, insomnia, dysarthria, anxiety, four extremities tremor. palpitation. nausea, vomiting, facial numbness.4. In classification of Four Human coporeal constitution the number of patients, Sho-Eum-In(少陰人) was remarked mostly and most of female patients had no past history of the conversion disorder.5. In distribution of the prescription, drugs of regulating gi such as BUNSIMGIEUM(分心氣飮) were many, in descending order drugs of growing heart and warming gall bladder such as ONDAMTANGGAMI(溫膽湯加味), drugs of maintaining patency for the flow of gi such as CHUNGGANSOYOSAN(淸肝逍遙散), drugs of decomposing food and asending gi such as PYUNGJINGUNBITANG(平陳健脾湯), drugs of storing blood and relaxing the mind such as SAMULGUIBITANG(四物歸脾湯). drugs of removing sputum and cooling heart such as CHUNGSIMDODAMTANG 淸心導痰湯).6. In distribution of the treatments, the group of drug and acupuncture and aroma-therapy was many, in acup uncture TAEGUKCHIMBUP(太極針法) was mainly used. in therapy inhalation type of Lavender and Rosewood was many and the type of Peppermint and Rosemary massaging epigastric-chest, and neck was many.7. In distribution of the treatment result, in 15 patients(36.6%) symptoms were eliminated from four to seven days, in 13 patients(31.7%) symptoms were not changed. in 12 patients(29.3%) symptoms were eliminated from two to three days. in 1 patients(2.4%) symptoms were eliminated whin one day.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.230-237
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• 2018

Objective: To compare adverse event reporting patterns between ethical-the-counter and over-the-counter drugs from community pharmacies and outpatient settings. Methods: We conducted a descriptive study using the adverse event reporting database, wherein data were collected from the regional pharmacovigilance centers of the Korean Pharmaceutical Association between January 1, 2016 and December 31, 2016. The reported drugs were classified into either ethical-the-counter or over-the-counter drugs, and we compared the distribution of patient age and gender, frequent adverse events and medications, serious adverse events, and causality assessment results, where causality assessments were performed according to the World Health Organization-The Uppsala Monitoring Centre's system. Results: We included 17,570 reports (75,451 drug-adverse event pairs). Ethical-the-counter and over-the-counter drugs accounted for 81.4% and 18.6% of the total adverse event reports, respectively. The use of over-the-counter drugs was higher in females and patients aged <18 years, whereas the use of ethical-the-counter drugs was higher in those aged >65 years. Alimentary tract and metabolism drugs, and respiratory system drugs were the most frequent ethical-the-counter and over-the-counter drugs, respectively. From causality assessment results, "possible" (75.4%) was the most commonly assigned category for ethical-the-counter drugs, while "possible" (44.0%) and "unlikely" (47.7%) were the most common categories for over-the-counter drugs. The distribution of serious adverse events were similar for both ethical-the-counter and over-the-counter drugs. Conclusion: Differences were observed in age, gender, reported medications, and symptoms for both ethical-the-counter and over-the-counter drugs. Further pharmacovigilance activities considering the adverse event characteristics of over-the-counter drugs, which are comparable to ethical-the-counter drugs, should be performed.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제4권
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• pp.127-157
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• 1990

Geum-Won dynasty is the era which totalized the every medical attainments of before Song dynasty and appeared some medical practioners who found new medical theory based upon this, and is important time for various developments of the oriental medical theory. At this time of the era, the representative practioners are called the four noted physician of Geum-Won dynasty. Jang Won-So who influenced the formation of the theory of the four noted physcian of Geum-Won dynasty, originated new theory by joining the theory of "Nae-Gyung" with his own medical experience. The results can be summarized as follows after studying his life and idea of medicine. 1. Jang Won-So, courtesy name is Gyeol-Go, came from Yeog-Joo and it is unknown that when he was born and dead, but he lived in 11C. At 27, after failed in a Jin-Sa examination, he started medical study, and widely spreaded his medical art by healing the Yoo Wan-So's Sang-Han disease. 2. There are many Jang Won-So's writings, such as "Eui-Hag-Gye-Won" which is the condensation of his idea of medicine, "Jin-Joo-Nang" which is greatly contributed to development of Herbology, "Jang-Boo-Pyo-Bon-Han-Yeol-Heo-Sil-Yong-Yag-Sig" which is the sample of Jang-Boo-Byun-Jeung-Lon-Chi, and "Yag-Joo-Nan-Gyung" "Gyeol-Go-Ga-Jin" "Gyeol-Go-Joo-Sug-Hwa-Mag-Gyeol" "Gyeol-Go-Bon-Cho" "San-Yog-Bo-Sang-Bang" which are known do not existing. 3. Jang Won-So's study about Jang-Boo-Byun-Jeung was influenced by "Nae-Gyung" "Jung-Jang-Gyung" "So-A-Yag-Jeung-Jig-Gyeol" etc. and outline by Han-Yeol-Heo-Sil and the change and prognosis of the state of disease can be decided by Saeng-Sa-Yeog-Soon, so he contribute to development of lang-Boo-Byun-Jeung-Lon-Chi of posterity. 4. Jang Won-So succeeded and develope the theory of the herbs of Oh-Jang-Go-Yog-Bo-Sa and about Ki-Mi-Seung-Gang-Boo-Chim etc. appeared on "Nae-Gyung", especially invented such as Kwi-Gyung-Lon, In-Gyeung-Bo-Sa-Seol, Jang Boo-Pyo-Bon-Yag-Sig and he enriched the content of pharmacological theory, so he motivated various development of herbalogical theory. 5. Jang Won-So's idea of On-Yang-Bi-Wi directly influence Lee Go's assertion of Bi-Wi-Lon, idea of Go-Geum-I-Gue-Seol presented theological basis of posterior medical practioners formation of prescription, so the way of drug usage greatly developed. 6. Jang Won-So's theory of the lang-Boo-Byun-Jeung and herbology directly influenced to Lee Go, Wang Ho-Go, Na Chen-Ik, lang Byeok etc. so he became the father of Yeog-Soo class and indirectly influenced to Seol Gi, Jo Hen-Ga, lang Gae-Bin, Lee Jung-Jae etc. of Myeng dynasty, so the On-Bo class has been formed. Like this, because, his idea of medicine developed at various aspect and greatly influenced to posterity, Lee Si-Jin said "Since the emergency of "Nae-Gyung", Jang Won-So is the only man who greatly enhance medical principle.", so it is clear that this is not unfounded expression at all.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.133-144
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• 2008

Recently, people are becoming fatter in most parts of the world. Obesity is regarded as an important risk factor to adversely affect the health of humans, associated with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. In the present study, therefore, we tested the short time efficiency and safety of Bangpoongtongsungsan as a drug to decrease body weight in subjects with obesity. A total 48 volunteers (24 man, 24 woman) with body mass index (BMI : weight in kg divided by square of height in meters) of $23㎏/m^2$ participated in clinical study for 12 weeks, from 2008, March 01 to 2008, Jun 30. The subjects was received a dietary supplement of 12 pieces hard capsules per day (4 pieces in one, 3 times in a day) during the clinical study. At the end of clinical study, body weight of subjects was significantly decreased from $72.21{\pm}11.44\;kg$ to $70.53{\pm}11.67\;kg$ (p<0.05). Waist circumferences of subjects were reduced $91.58{\pm}6.43\;cm$ to $85.25{\pm}7.70\;cm$ (p<0.05). Also, a BMI of subjects was significantly decreased $26.07{\pm}2.35\;kg/m^2$ to $25.63{\pm}2.63\;kg/m^2$ (p<0.05). Particularly, a decrease in body weight, waist circumferences, and BMI was more significant in woman than man. But, other biochemical levels including lipid and glucose in plasma had no changes at the end of clinical study. In conclusion, administration of Bangpoongtongsungsan in subjects with high body weight fat could inhibit obesity associated with a decrease in body weight, waist circumferences, and BMI.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.93-98
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• 2016

Objectives : Hwangheuk-san is a complex prescription composed of oriental traditional medicine and has been reported for antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer effects in the recent study. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of important causes of fatal infectious diseases such as septicemia, endocarditis, toxic shock syndrome, pneumonia, skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs). S. aureus is reported as being for a variety of human diseases and its epidemiological relevance is mainly due to their ability of becoming highly resistant to common antimicrobials such as tetracycline, penicillin, cphalosporin and aminoglycoside. The objective of this study is to determine the antimicrobial effect of Hwangheuk-san ethanol extracts (HHS) and synergistic effects with antibiotics oxacillin against MRSA.Methods : The antimicrobial activity of HHS was measured by the disc diffusion method, broth microdilution method and the checkerboard dilution test, time-kill curve assay was performed to investigate synergistic effects with antibiotics oxacillin against MRSA.Results : HHS showed antimicrobial activity against MRSA with a MIC value of 125 ㎍/㎖. In the checkerboard test, the interaction of HHS with antibiotics oxacillin produced almost synergy or partial synergy against MRSA. This study showed that HHS reduced the MICs of oxacillin tested, and a remarkable antibacterial effect of HHS, with membrane permeability enhancers.Conclusions : These results suggest that HHS has the antimicrobial effect and synergistic effects with antibiotics oxacillin against MRSA. This study thus can be a valuable source for the development of a new drug with low MRSA resistance.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.5-24
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• 2008

국내에서의 의약분업 시행으로 의약품과 함께 잡화를 파는 외국의 드럭스토어 형태로 활로를 찾는 약국이 늘어날 것으로 예상됨에 따라 드럭스토어 사업에 대한 관심이 높아졌다. 현재 우리나라에서 드럭스토어는 국내 상황에 맞춘 약국형과 잡화 위주의 편의형으로 구분할 수 있다. 약국 입장에서는 소비자들이 관심을 가지는 잡화점 수준의 대형 드럭스토어보다는 국내 의약분업 제도와 사회적인 정서를 감안해 의약품에 적절한 비중을 두고 다각화된 한국형 드럭스토어를 선호하는 추세가 뚜렷하다. 드럭스토어는 제품의 다양성과 특성, 그리고 고객이 직접 제품을 선택할 수 있는 구조를 가지고 있다는 점에서 감성과 웰빙을 지향하는 젊은 층을 주요 고객층으로 어필하고 있지만 드럭스토어가 정착되면 중·장년층을 포함한 전세대로 확장될 것이다. 본 연구는 선진국에서 성공적으로 시행이 된 드럭스토어의 사례와 국내에서 대기업 중심으로 확대되고 있는 드럭스토어의 현황, 그리고 의약분업 후 유통환경의 변화에 따라 약국 환경의 변화 추이를 알아보고 한국 드럭스토어의 발전 방향과 전망에 대하여 제시해 본다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제14권12호
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• pp.65-72
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• 2016

개인건강기록(PHR) 서비스는 기본적인 병원 진료 환경 외에 특수한 통원 치료 관리가 필요한 당뇨나 암환자 관리에 적절한 시스템이다. 본 논문에서는 항암화학요법 진행 중인 암 환자의 치료 과정에 맞춘 PHR 수집 및 분석 시스템을 개발하여 항암 치료 과정의 효율성을 효과적으로 향상할 수 있는 방법을 제안한다. 제안하는 암 PHR 서비스 플랫폼은 스마트 디바이스의 애플리케이션을 활용하여 항암화학요법 진행 중인 환자로부터 치료와 관련성이 가장 높은 통증 및 부작용 데이터를 입력 받고, 실제 병원에서 사용하는 의무 기록 형태로 정리한 통계 자료로 요약하여 의료진에게 제공한다. 의료 차트와의 연계에 적합한 형태로 제공되는 최종 분석 자료로 환자는 빠른 시간 내에 가장 적절한 처방을 받을 수 있다. 또한 통증 및 부작용 상태에 대한 정보를 의사에게 전할 수 있다. 의료진은 약물처방과 요양급여 등에 필요한 주요 객관적 자료들을 확보함으로 환자 진료의 질을 개선하는 효과가 있다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.1661-1666
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• 1999

인체에 대해서 유익한 작용을 하며 실생활에서 쉽게 접할수 있는 3개의 보익제를 동의보감으로부터 선정하여 효능을 과학적으로 검증하기 위한 자료로서 항산화력을 조사하였다 동의보감의 처방에 따라서 약재를 혼합한 후 열수 추출한 물질의 항산화력을 전자공여능, SOD 유사 활성 및 지질과산화 억제능을 이용하여 조사한 결과 대표적 항산화제인 vitamin C에 비하여 낮은 활성을 보였으나 모두 항산화력을 나타내었다. 이 3개 탕제를 흰쥐에게 4주간 투여한 뒤 혈장에서 총항산화력이 대조군에 비하여 증가하였다. 또한, 탕제 투여한 흰쥐의 간 조직을 적출 하여 활성 산소발생제인 2.2'-azobis(amidinopropane)dihydrochloride(AAPH)를 처리한 결과 조직내의 대표적 비효소 항산화제인 환원형 glutathione의 감소가 억제되었으며, 산화형과 환원형의 비율 또한 증가하여 탕제 투여에 의해 간 조직 및 혈장의 항산화력이 증가함을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과 산화적 손상의 지표로 사용되는 지질과산화(TBARS) 단백질 분해도 역시 탕제 투여군이 비투여군에 비하여 감소하였다. 따라서, 보익제로 사용되는 3개 탕제는 체내 항산화력을 증강시켜 노화 및 다양한 질병의 원인이 되는 산화적 손상으로부터 체내를 보호할 수 있을 것으로 추측된다.