• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.250-259
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• 2001

This study was peformed to investigate the use of preprocessed foods, satisfaction on using them, and the plausibility to extend its use in 134 elementary school foodservices in Incheon by questionnaire from December 11th to 28th in 1999. The percentages of school foodservices to purchase and use preprocessed foods were 99.06% in seed, 97.64% in fishes and poultry, 87.74% in meats, 57.55% in eggs, 55.32% in fresh vegetables, 51.42% in dried vegetables and 34.90% in beans. Dietitians were satisfied with having used preprocessed foods, and the reduction in cooking time was listed as the biggest advantage which could be obtained by using preprocessed foods. However, dietitians showed relatively negative attitudes for the plausibility to expand use of preprocessed foods.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.379-386
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• 2000

This study was performed to investigate the recognition on preprocessed foods among dietitians employed in 106 elementary school foodservices in Inchon by questionnaire from December 11th to 28th in 1999. Number of cooks in school foodservices increased significantly(p<0.01) with the number of children to feed, and 8 or 9 cooks were the most typical number(36.79%). Most(93.4%) of the subjects understood that it is necessary to use the preprocessed foods and they considered the food hygiene as the most important factor. Many subjects(89.62%) responded that the lack of cooks and cooking equipment was partly solved by using preprocessed foods and the expected reductions in personnel and waste through using preprocessed foods were $15{\sim}20%$ (38.68% of the subjects) and 20-30% (41.51% of the subjects), respectively.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.22-40
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• 2009

This survey's purpose was to understand the duties of the school dietitians' foodservice management and to identify the uses of preprocessed and processed food in Seoul Metropolitan area schools. The survey was distributed either via e-mail or in person to nutrition teachers and dietitians working at elementary, middle and high schools who participated in training sessions in Seoul, Gyeonggi and Incheon areas from December 2006 until June 2007. Four-hundred fifty-nine out of the total 760 schools that completed the surveys were analyzed. The following summarizes the main duties of school dietitians related to foodservice management: hygiene (100%), nutrition (99.8%), nutrition education (97.2%), cost (96.9%), and food production process control (96.3%). Preprocessed foods were ordered as the following: seafood (2.89) > poultry (2.78) > seeds (2.37), process foods comprised the following order: pastes (4.94) > kimchi (4.91) > dressing materials (4.50). Based on these results, elementary schools must improve methods for developing effective study materials for nutrition education which arc appropriate for each grade.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.125-133
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• 2011

This study was carried out to strengthen productivity and employee management through the development of simple pre-processed foods based on Hansik (Korean foods) and to investigate the utilization of fresh vegetable menus, pretreatment, and cooking time in the preparation of vegetable side dishes. The reasons for not using pretreated foods were increased cost, required product size is not available, and not hygienic. The acceptable rate of increase in cost when purchasing simple pre-processed foods was under 10%. The expected developed products of simple pre-processed vegetable foods were balloon flower root salad, seasoned green vegetables, and sheredded white radish. The expected developed products of simple mixed vegetable pre-processed foods were deodeok+balloon flower root and white radish+pear. Based on these findings, to increase the utilization of simple preprocessed foods, development of various product sizes and sauces is needed, cost must be reduced, and hygiene improved.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.262-277
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• 2009

Fresh-cut foods have been widely used in the school foodservice industry due to their convenience and saving effects of labor and working hours. This study evaluated the effectiveness of using fresh-cut foods in school foodservice with respect to cost efficiency, customer satisfaction, employee satisfaction, and productivity. First, in terms of cost efficiency, the cost of the fresh-cut food per meal price significantly increased by 2.6% via the new production plan. Meanwhile, the costs of labor and food wastes significantly decreased by 3.0% and 0.3%, respectively, after implementing the new plan. Second, customer satisfaction towards foodservice significantly increased, from 2.94 points prior to the new plan to 3.45 points. Third, foodservice productivity such as of the number of meals per full-time equivalent employee increased by 5.7 meals, from 143.0 meals to 148.7 meals after intervention. The productivity index of work hours for producing a meal also increased and was reflected by a work time reduction of 0.77 minutes, specifically from 4.25 minutes to 3.48 minutes. The labor cost per meal also decreased by 29.9 won, from 331.91 won to 301.97 won, but there was no significant difference. Through these results, we identified that using pre-process foods in school foodservice has positive effects on labor saving, customer satisfaction, and employee work satisfaction.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.585-592
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• 2012

본 연구는 단순 가공 식재료 개발의 고부가가치와 국내산식품 재료의 활용도를 높이기 위하여 구아바잎 분말과 콜라비 등을 이용하여 급식소에서 이용 가능한 국, 탕용 구아바 채소 완자를 개발하여 저장 중 미생물학적 및 품질 특성을 측정하였다. 구아바잎 분말을 첨가하지 않은 대조군(control)과 첨가한 구아바잎 채소 완자(VB)의 명도(lightness) 측정 결과, 구아바잎을 첨가할수록 명도는 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 적색도(redness)와 황색도(yellowness)는 대조군을 제외한 첨가군시료에서는 유의적 차이를 보이지 않았다. 구아바 채소 완자의 경도(hardness)의 범위는 1,175~1,600($g/cm^3$)이었으며, 구아바잎 분말을 첨가한 채소 완자가 대조군에 비하여 경도가 높아지는 경향을 보였다. 탄력성(springness), 부착성(cohesiveness)은 구아바잎 분말을 첨가할수록 유의적으로 낮아지는 경향을 보였다. DPPH, ABTS 활성 모두 대조군에 비하여 구아바잎 첨가군이 높은 수치를 나타내었으며, 첨가량이 증가할수록 유의적으로 항산화 활성능 역시 증가하는 것을 알 수 있었다(p<0.05). 관능적 특성 결과, 맛(taste), 향미(flavor), 전반적인 바람직성(overall preference) 항목에서구아바잎분말0.1% 첨가한 구아바 채소 완자가 가장 높게 평가되었으며, 1% 첨가군은 낮은 기호도를 나타냈다. 구아바 채소 완자의 저장 기간 중 품질 특성을 조사한 결과, 산가의 변화에서는 구아바잎 분말 첨가량이 증가할수록 산가는 유의적(p<0.05)으로 낮아졌으며, 저장 기간이 길어짐에 따라 점차 증가함을 보였다. 산가의 실험 결과와 마찬가지로 대조군의 과산화물가와 유의적인 차이를 보였으며, 구아바잎 첨가 채소 완자의 산패 억제 효과를 나타내었다. TBA가는 대조군과 0.1% 첨가군의 유의적인 차이는 없었으나, 구아바잎 0.3% 이상 첨가한 채소 완자는 유의적인 차이를 보였다. 총호기성 균은 저장 기간 동안 낮은 수준의 균이 검출되었으며(5.00 log CFU/g 미만), 효모 및 곰팡이는 구아바잎 분말을 첨가한 채소 완자에서는 검출되지 않았다. 이상의 결과로 관능적인 부분과 항산화 효과를 동시에 부여할 수 있는 구아바잎을 첨가한 채소 완자의 제조가 가능하다는 것을 확인하였다. 국내 외식 및 급식업체용 단순 가공 식품 재료로 구아바잎 0.1%를 첨가한 채소 완자가 최적으로 판단되며, 구아바 채소 완자의 냉장 보관 시 안전한 저장 기간은 최대 8일이다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제48권
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• pp.58-64
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• 2003

To enjoy a healthy life, it is important to have a well-balanced diet. However, in today's society, there is an increase in the consumption of preprocessed foods and frequency of eating out. Also the western diet, which is becoming move popular worldwide, contains relatively high levels of protein and fat, and a low amount of fiber, Furthermore, the increased availability of favorite foods has created a condition were the individual diet is less variable. With these conditions, it is difficult to maintain a diet that is nutritionally balanced. With these unbalanced diets, which are difficult to change, there has been an increase in adult disease and health problems, such as colon and breast cancer, It is speculated that metabolites for carcinogens are produced from diet components and that intestinal bacteria contribute to the production of these metabolites. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the relationships between health, diet, and intestinal microflora. Soybean oligosaccharide is composed of water-soluble saccharides that have been extracted from soybean whey, a by-product from the production of soy protein. This is mainly a mixture of mono-, di-, tri-, and tetrasac-charides, with the principle components being the oligosaccharide raffinose and stachyose. When consumed by humans, the oligosaccharides cannot be digested in the human duodenal and small intestinal mucosa, and these are selectively utilized by beneficial bifidobacteria in intestines. The results of acute and subacute toxicity tests, soy-bean oligosaccharides were nonpoisonous. Soybean oligosaccharides promote the growth of indigenous bifido-bacteria in the colon which by their antagonistic effects, suppress the activity of putrefactive bacteria. Also, they reduce toxic metabolites, detrimental enzymes and plasma lipid, and increase in the frequency of bowel evacuation and fecal quantities. Consequently, soybean oligosaccharides as functional foods components have potential roles in the prevention and medical treatment of chronic adult diseases. The study of processing property and physiological function of soybean oligosacchavides and development of high oligosaccharide variety allow the creation of new and exciting foodstuffs that aye functional healthy.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.706-712
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• 2011

단순 가공 식재료 개발의 고부가가치와 국내산 식품재료의 활용도를 높이기 위하여 무생채 원재료인 무와 배를 혼합한 무배생채를 개발하여 저장 중 미생물학적 및 품질특성을 측정하였으며, 매실 소스를 개발하여 레시피 기준 설정을 위한 관능적 특성을 평가한 결과는 다음과 같다. 단순가공 과정을 거친 무배생채(SWRP)와 무생채(Control)에 오염된 총호기성균은 무배생채는 $3.20{\pm}0.08$ log CFU/g, 무생채는 $3.00{\pm}0.14$ log CFU/g으로 낮은 수준의 균이 검출되었다. 저장 기간 중 무배생채와 무생채의 총호기성균은 5.00 log CFU/g 미만의 수치를 나타내었다. 대장균 또한 무배생채는 $3.20{\pm}0.08$ log CFU/g, 무생채는 $1.84{\pm}0.17$ log CFU/g으로 낮은 수준의 균이 검출되었다. 효모 및 곰팡이의 경우 무배생채는 저장 기간 중 1.09~2.64 log CFU/g, 무생채의 저장기간 중 2.23~2.76 log CFU/g으로 낮은 수치로 검출되었다. 무배생채의 0일 pH는 5.99~6.09였으며, 무생채의 0일 pH는 5.93~5.96으로 유사한 pH 범위를 보였다. 무배생채의 경우, 3일 이후 유의적으로 pH가 증가하는 경향을 보였으나, 무생채는 1일 이후부터 유의적으로 증가하였다. 산도는 pH와 유사한 경향으로 혼합 무배생채의 산도 변화가 적었다. 명도(lightness) 측정 결과, 혼합 무배생채는 3일 이후 명도가 낮아졌으며, 무생채는 저장 5일 이후 유의적으로 감소하여 갈변이 일어난 것을 확인할 수 있었다(p<0.05). 적색도(redness)의 경우 혼합 무배생채와 무생채 모두 저장 3일 이후 적색도가 유의적으로 낮아졌다. 황색도(yellowness)는 적색도와 반대로 혼합 무배생채와 무생채 모두 저장기간이 길어질수록 황색도가 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 저장 기간에 따른 배의 경도는 저장 3일부터 경도가 유의적으로 감소하였으며, 무의 경도는 저장 5일부터 경도가 감소하였다(p<0.05). 전반적으로 배가 무보다 경도가 낮았는데, 이는 배가 무에 비해 수분함량이 높고, 배 특유의 조직감이 원인이라 사료된다. 관능적 특성 결과, 맛(taste)과 원재료의 어울림(harmony of ingrediegnt) 그리고 소스의 어울림(harmony of sauce)은 배 30% 첨가군이 가장 우수하게 평가되었다. 전반적인 바람직성(ovrall preference) 역시 배 30% 첨가군이 가장 높게 평가되었다. 따라서 본 연구 결과, 국내 외식 및 급식업체용 단순가공 식품재료로 무배생채가 이용되는 경우 미생물적 특성 및 관능적 특성을 고려할 때 무 70%와 배 30%를 혼합한 무배생채를 최대 3일 저장하는 것이 최적의 저장기간으로 바람직하며, 미생물학적 안전성을 고려할 때 매실소스를 이용한 혼합 무배생채가 관능적 품질에서도 우수한 것으로 판단된다.