• 약학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.492-497
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• 1997

A difference in ethanol metabolism between premature and young adult rats was examined. Female SD rats, either 4wk or 12wk old, were injected with a single dose of ethanol (1.5g /kg) through jugular vein and the blood ethanol level was monitored for 300 min using a gas chromatographic method. Reduction of blood ethanol level per unit of time was less and the area under the blood concentration-time curve (AUC) was significantly greater in young adults compared to premature rats. Activity of hepatic alcohol dehydrogenase was not influenced by the age increase. Total cytochrome P-450, cytochrome $b_5$. or aminopyrine N-demethylation was not different between premature rats and young adult rats. However, p-nitrophenol hydroxylation and p-nitroanisole O-demethylation activities were significantly higher in premature rats. The relative liver weight was 45% greater in premature rats leading to an overall increase in ethanol metabolizing activity in these animals. The results indicate that the reduction in ethanol elimination in young adult rats appears to be mostly associated with the decrease in relative liver weight as the age of animals increases.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.1197-1210
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• 2017

본 연구는 음경의 특성에 따른 조루증 및 발기능을 비교하고자 하였다. 99명의 성인 남성은 음경의 특성, 조루증, 발기능에 대한 설문조사에 응답하였다. 설문을 확인하는 과정에서 누락이 있거나 불완전한 응답을 제외한 69명의 설문을 분석하였다. 수집한 모든 데이터는 SPSS 22를 이용하여 독립 t 검정, 카이제곱 검정을 통하여 확인하였다. 연구 결과, 귀두가 음경보다 더 굵은 유형은 비슷한 유형과 비교하여 주관적 조루, 객관적 조루에서 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<.05). 주관적 조루인 자는 없는 자와 비교하여 객관적 조루, 치료의향, 성교 만족도에서 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<.05). 객관적 조루의 유무, 조루증 치료의향의 유무, 결혼 유무는 성교 만족도에서 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<.05). 경제 수준이 높은 자는 보통 또는 낮은 자와 비교하여 발기능 자신감에서 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<.05). 본 조사연구의 결과는 음경의 특성에 따른 조루 및 발기능은 차이를 나타낼 수 있음을 시사하며, 조루증과 발기능 장애가 있는 남성의 성기능 재활을 위한 중재 프로그램 개발의 기초자료로 사용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2005년도 추계 학술발표회 제17권2호
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• pp.137-140
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• 2005

This paper focuses on the premature failure of RC beams bonded with FRP. A number of failure modes for RC beams bonded with FRP have been observed in numerous experimental studies during past decade. Particularly, Rip-off failure and Debonding failure were majority failure modes in RC beams bonded with FRP. Rip-off failure occurred at the plate end due to high interfacial shear and normal stresses however Debonding failure was caused by the yielding of reinforcing bar and the increasing of shear deformation in shear span. On the basis of premature failure mechanism in RC beams bonded with FRP, Basic strengthening length and Premature failure criteria were derived

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제66권3호
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• pp.239-246
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• 2023

Germinal matrix and intraventricular hemorrhage (GM-IVH) are the major causes of intracranial hemorrhage in premature infants. Cranial ultrasound (cUS) is the imaging modality of choice for diagnosing and classifying GM-IVH. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), usually performed at term-equivalent age, is more sensitive than cUS in identifying hemorrhage in the brain. Post-hemorrhagic ventricular dilatation is a significant complication of GM-IVH and correlates with adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. In this review, we discuss the various imaging findings of GM-IVH in premature infants, focusing on the role of cUS and MRI.

• 부모자녀건강학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.123-136
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• 2005

This research is to compare the infant's temperament and parenting stress perceived by premature infants' mother and full-term infants' mother. It aims at establishing the healthy relationship between mothers and infants. It investigates the basic data of nursing intervention program to help the mother of premature infant. The period of data collection was from May 1, 2005 to May 30, 2005, and the subjects were total 123 mothers: 44 mothers of premature infants and 79 mothers of full-term infants under 6 months who visited general hospitals, individual pediatrics, and health center located in G city. "What My Baby Is Like(WBL)" developed by Pridham, Chang, and Chiu(1994) and translated by Bang Kyeong Sook(1999) was used as a measuring instrument of infants' temperament, and Parenting Stress Index (PSI) developed by Abidin(1990) and revised and complemented by Kim Dong Hee(1997) was used as a measuring instrument of parenting stress. Collected Data were analyzed through $X^2$-test, t-test, Pearson's correlation with SPSS 12.0 window program. The results are as follows: 1. There was a significant difference in the infant's temperament perceived by premature infants' mothers and full-term infants' mothers (t=-4.08, p=.00). In subcategory, there were significant difference between premature infants' mother and full-term infants' mother in geniality(t=-3.62, p=.00), adaptation(t=-3.43, p=.00) and reaction(t=-2.01, p=.05). 2. There was a significant difference in parenting stress between premature infants' mother and full-term infants' mother(t=6.57, p=.00). The parenting stress of premature infants mothers appeared to be higher than full-term infants' mothers. They showed the higher stress in the mother-child relationship area(t=6.27, p=.00) and child area(t=7.38, p=.00) among 3 areas of parenting stress. 3. There were negative correlation between infants' temperament and parenting stress. As mothers perceived the infant's temperament negatively, the parenting stress. Especially, the negative correlation of infants' temperament and parenting stress of premature infants' mothers(r=-.44) was stronger than that of full-term infants' mothers(r=-37). From the research, as mothers of premature infants receive more stress, their stress can cause the serious problem to the relationship of the mother and the infant. Therefore, the nursing intervention should be carried out in order to change the negative perception of mothers towards their infants into the positive perception reduce the parenting stress.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.499-508
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• 2010

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of sensorimotor stimulation on the development of infant with low birth weight premature. Methods : Ten infants with low birth weight premature and ten normal infants participated in this study. We carried out test TIMP(Test of Infants Motor Performance) according pre intervention, post 3 weeks, PCA 40 week and normal infants. The intervention of sensorimotor stimulation applied to infants with low birth weight premature four times a week and fifteen minutes a once time. There was no intervention for normal infants. The collected dada were analyzed by ANOVA using by SPSS/PC 17.0 ver. program. Results : There was significant difference among three differential test period to improved developmental value in infants with low birth weight premature. According over time, numbers of observed items presented significant difference among test period, and elicited total score and total raw score was significant value(p=.00). There was no significant value that means sensorimotor stimulation affected on development of infants with low birth weight premature. Conclusions : In conclusion, sensorimotor stimulation had affects on the development of infants with low birth weight premature.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.231-238
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• 2000

Objective : To estimate the burden of diseases in Korea especially caused by major cancers using the YLL(years of life lost due to premature death) measurement. Methods : First, we determined the parameters: such as age-specific standard life expectancy, age on death, sex, cause of death by analyzing the national death certificate data and life table collected during 1996 provided by the National Statistical Office. Secondly, we estimated the age group-specific YLL by employing standard expected years of life lost(SEYLL). Thirdly, final burden of disease due to premature death was estimated by using YLLs measurement which developed by global burden of disease study group. Results : The burden of premature death by cancer for male was attributed mainly to liver cancer(514.5 person-year), stomach cancer(436.4 person-year), and lung cancer(367.7 person-year). Each of these cancers was responsible for the loss of over 100 person-year based on our YLL measurement. The burden of premature death by cancer for female was attributed mainly to liver cancer(135.1 person-year), stomach cancer(252.1 person-year), and lung cancer(121.8 person-year). Each of these cancers was responsible for the loss of over 100 person year based on our YLL measurement. Conclusion : We found the YLL method employed in this study was appropriate to quantify the burden of premature death. Thereby, it would provide a rational bases to plan a national health policy regarding premature death caused by cancer.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.199-206
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was conducted to monitor the development of Korean premature infant at six-month age and to explore factors related to developmental status of the premature infants. Methods: Participants were 58 premature infants whose corrected age was six-months old and their mothers. The developmental states of infants were followed-up with the Korean Prescreening Developmental Questionnaire (KPDQ-II). Clinical characteristics of the infants were identified from the medical records. Other characteristics including Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, husband's support, social support, and mother-infant attachment were assessed using self-report questionnaires from the mothers. Results: Forty three percent of the infants were in the group of questionable status of development on the KPDQ-II. There were significant differences between the premature infants with normal developmental status and those with questionable developmental status depending on gender ($x^2$=5.03, p=.034), gestational age (t=2.59, p=.012), hospital stay (p=.013), revised Neurobiologic Risk Score (p=.005) and mother-infant attachment score (t=2.12, p=.040). Conclusion: Mother-infant attachment, as well as physiological state of premature infants, is an important variable in early development. Therefore, early monitoring for the development has to be done for physiologically vulnerable premature groups. Also, providing proper nursing support to improve maternal attachment needs to be considered.

• 대한간호
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• 제14권1호통권75호
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• pp.69-77
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• 1975

The premature rupture of membrane is defined as spontaneous rupture of fetal membranes before the onset of labor. The spontaneous premature rupture of membrane is a cause of fetal distress, death and Cause of maternal morbidity, Clinical Nursing study of

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.704-713
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was done to identify the parenting experience of mothers of premature infants in order to provide basic data for educational solutions and desirable directions. Methods: Q-methodology was used as it provides a method of analyzing the subjectivity of each item. The participants were 33 mothers of premature infants who sorted 34 selected Q-statements which were then classified into the shape of a normal distribution using a 9-point scale. Subjectivity on parenting experience among the mothers was analyzed using the pc-QUANAL program. Results: Four types of parenting experience were identified. Type I was named 'struggling', type II, 'self blame', type III, 'information collecting', and type IV, 'self-introspection'. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that different approaches to educational programs are needed for mothers of premature infants based on the four types of parenting experience.