• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.669-673
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• 2011

Purpose: The authors have conducted a series of anatomic studies on the factors affecting shape of a lower vault in Asian noses. The results of the studies showed that prominence of alar lobule is mainly affected by the volumes of the dilator naris anterior and posterior muscles and the insertions of the dilator naris posterior muscles. However, information on its clinical availability is yet insufficient. The present study was undertaken for clinical purpose to find out the effect of dilator naris muscle resection on the correction of prominent alar lobule. Methods: Six patients who were treated by dilator naris muscle resection with a long-term follow-up of more than 1 year were involved in this study. Rhinoplasties were performed via endonasal approaches with resecting dilator naris anterior and posterior muscles by sharp scissor. The effect of the dilator naris muscle resection on alar prominence was investigated by measuring ratio of the short axis to the long axis of a nostril (SA/LA) pre-and postoperatively. The visual analog scale (VAS) was also used to evaluate satisfaction of patients. An average follow-up time was $15.6{\pm}3.7$ months. Results: Having lost the dilating and lateral pulling effects of the dilator naris muscles, the alar lobule shifted medially and alar lobule shapes improved. SA/LA significantly improved (preoperatively $0.71{\pm}0.11$ and postoperatively $0.58{\pm}0.08$; $p$ <0.05). The VAS score was also increased postoperatively (preoperatively $3.2{\pm}1.8$ and postoperatively $8.7{\pm}1.2$; $p$ <0.05). A mild degree of hyperpigmented scar was noted in one alar lobule. Otherwise, there was no case of postoperative complication. Conclusion: Our results suggest that prominent alar lobule could be modified by resecting the attachment of the dilator naris muscles. This maneuver removes the function of dilator naris muscles, then may produce a more aesthetically acceptable alar lobule shape.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.259-264
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• 2013

Total body irradiation in the treatment of childhood leukemia, which is one of the pre-treatment with stem cell transplantation is being used, the current organization using compensators are treated. However, under the terms of the compensator organization long-term impact on the human body, it is difficult to assess directly. In this study, we use the mathematical simulation of radiation exposures body energy and the distance to the crew and the patient (source surface distance, SSD), and patients with tissue compensators change of the distance along the body of the organ doses were evaluated. As a result, the surface dose of energy 4 MV, SSD 280 cm, tissue compensators and the patient when the distance 30 cm 5.84 G / min showed the highest levels. In addition, patients with tissue compensators and the distance apart when 30 cm TBI represents the ideal dose distribution was found.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.13-23
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• 2016

Many traffic centers are highly hesitant in employing existing Automatic Incident Detection Algorithms due to high false alarm rate, low detection rate, and enormous effort taken in maintaining algorithm parameters, together with complex algorithm structure and filtering/smoothing process. Concerns grow over the situation particularly in Freeway Incident Management Area This study proposes a new algorithm and introduces a novel concept, the Displaced Flow Index (DiFI) which is similar to a product of relative speed and relative occupancy for every execution period. The algorithm structure is very simple, also easy to understand with minimum parameters, and could use raw data without any additional pre-processing. To evaluate the performance of the DiFI algorithm, validation test on the algorithm has been conducted using detector data taken from Naebu Expressway in Seoul and following transferability tests with Gyeongbu Expressway detector data. Performance test has utilized many indices such as DR, FAR, MTTD (Mean Time To Detect), CR (Classification Rate), CI (Composite Index) and PI (Performance Index). It was found that the DR is up to 100%, the MTTD is a little over 1.0 minutes, and the FAR is as low as 2.99%. This newly designed algorithm seems promising and outperformed SAO and most popular AIDAs such as APID and DELOS, and showed the best performance in every category.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.199-207
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• 2019

This study was a convergence study of pre- and post-treatment clinical outcomes and radiologic results of school aged flexible flat foot using insole inserted indoor sandal. Thirty five subjects were asked to wear insole inserted indoor sandals at least five times a week and at least four hours a day. Before and after the $4^{th}$ and $8^{th}$ week of the treatment, foot radiography and FAOS questionnaire were performed. Statistical analysis was performed using repeated measure ANOVA. The clinical results showed statistically significant improvement in FAOS symptom and pain category. Radiological results showed a tendency of improvement in the Anterioposterior Talo-$1^{st}$ Metatarsal angle, the Lateral Talo-$1^{st}$ Metatarsal angle, and the Talo-Horizontal angle, but no statistical significance was found. In this study, the use of insole inserted indoor sandal during the majority of the indoor life in school aged flexible flat foot patients is effective in alleviating symptoms and pain relief in the short term.

• The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.261-281
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• 2016

Our knowledge of the lithosphere beneath the Korean Peninsula has been improved through petrologic and geochemical studies of upper mantle xenoliths hosted by Quaternary intraplate alkali basalts from Jeju Island. The xenoliths are mostly spinel lherzolites, accompanied by subordinate harzburgite and pyroxenites. The mantle xenoliths represent residual mantle material showing textural and geochemical evidence for at least a three-stage evolution, fractional partial melting, recrystallization, and metasomatism. Their composition primarily controlled by early fractional melt extraction and porphyroclastic and mylonitic fabrics formed in a shear-dominated environment, which was subsequently modified by residual slab-derived fluids (or melts). Modal metasomatic products occur as both anhydrous phase(orthopyroxene) and hydrous phase (phlogopite). Late-stage orthopyroxene is more common than phlogopite. However, chemical equilibrium is evident between the primary and secondary orthopyroxene, implying that the duration of post-metasomatic high temperatures enabled complete resetting/reequilibration of the mineral compositions. The metasomatic enrichment pre-dates the host Jeju Quaternary magmatism, and a genetic relationship with the host magmas is considered unlikely. Following enrichment in the peridotite protolith in the mantle wedge, the upper mantle beneath proto-Jeju Island was transformed from a subarc environment to an intraplate environment. The Jeju peridotites, representing old subarc fragments, were subsequently transported to the surface, incorporated into ascending Quaternary intraplate alkali basalt. The result of this study implies that long term material transfer in the transformation of geotectonic setting from a subarc to intraplate may have played a significant role in the evolution of lithospheric mantle, resulting in the enriched mantle domains, such as EM I or EM II in the lithospheric mantle beneath East Asia.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.291-296
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of gardening programs using vertical gardens on helplessness, depression, and self-esteem in patients with chronic mental disorders. This study was applied to 21 patients with chronic mental disorder who were admitted to the rehabilitation hospital of E Hospital in Seoul from June to October 2018. The group was treated as an experimental group (N = 21) 5 times a week. For 20 weeks, each session lasted 30 minutes. Patients in the experimental group programmed 4 sessions of general occupational therapy, which combined treatments to improve cognition and training, and 1 session of a horticultural program using a vertical garden. Helplessness, depression, and self-esteem were evaluated for pre and post evaluation of the horticultural program. After completing the program, the average score of helplessness in the experimental group decreased by 0.91 points from 47.38 to 46.47, and there was a statistically significant change (p=0.043). The mean score of depression in the experimental group was 9.23 before and after 9.08, which was statistically significant (p = 0.035). The average score of self-esteem in the experimental group increased by 3.14 points from 27.99 to 31.13 at a statistically significant level (p = 0.001). This result suggests that a gardening program using vertical gardens has an effect on helplessness, depression, and self-esteem in patients with chronic mental disorders. And this means that long-term plans and effective programs for recovery from chronic mental disorders to the community are needed. With a horticultural work program using a vertical garden, the helplessness of the mentally impaired in a closed treatment space is restored, and such treatment space needs to be increased.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.276-283
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• 2021

The capital structure of the shipping business, which is characterized by its capital intensity and extreme market volatility, is closely related to long-term stability. Research in this area has been conducted mostly in the form of deriving the determinants of capital structure from company-wise financial ratios. This research, on the other hand, has a different approach to the topic. It identifies the relationship between actual cash profit and loss and other variables - i.e. actual vessel prices, interest rates and leverage ratio - by employing historical simulation. The result demonstrates that the P anamax cash profit shows 0 (break-even point) when the debt weight reaches 64.38% (debt ratio 180.74%) and the Cape, 73.04% (debt ratio 270.92%). Additionally, the ships of different types show a divided pattern for the pre- and post-'Super Boom'. It indicates that the business area and the market cycle should be considered when a leverage strategy is established. This research benefits shipping companies set a rational leverage strategy as well as delivers a reasonable guideline to government authorities for the development of a sound policy on shipping finance.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.231-240
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to understand of flipped learning of vocational high school teachers and to provide basic data of teacher training program development that can support flipped learning classes of vocational high school. We conducted surveys and focus group interviews to solve these research problems. The focus group interview is conducted on four flipped learning teachers who participated in the questionnaire. The results of this study are as follows. First, vocational high school teachers only heard the term 'flipped learning', but they did not have much experience in class. Second, it is necessary to learn contents and pre-learning for basic understanding of flipped learning, method of making learning contents of learning materials that focused on students' motivation and interest in the classroom. Also, we needed a method to induce participation in classroom activities, and a compensation method and evaluation method to maintain it. In addition, they requested specific flipped learning instruction procedures and various learning materials at each stage in accordance with the vocational high school situation. Third, I requested training contents and practice - centered training method that can induce interest and motivation as the training management method for the vocational high school teachers' flipped learning classes. In addition, it required step - by - step training according to the understanding level of flipped learning of high school teacher.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.66-74
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• 2019

Excessive wear causes many complications when untreated, so that accurate diagnosis, analysis and predictive treatment plan should be made, and through evaluation of vertical dimension and stepwise treatment, a stable inter-arch relationship can be set. For the long-term success of implant treatment, ideal position and angle of implant is important, and its importance increases especially in multiple implant cases. Therefore, thorough diagnosis and planning, accurate surgery and prosthodontic procedures are significant. In this case, a 68-year-old male patient with a loss of vertical dimension due to multiple tooth loss and overall tooth wear was planned with systematic analyses from the pre-treatment stage to rehabilitate vertical dimension. Full-mouth fixed rehabilitation with computer tomography guided implant surgery was performed to the newly set vertical dimension and attained satisfactory outcomes both functionally and esthetically.

• 한국노년학
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.349-368
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to empirically structure the patterns of baby boomer retirees'consumption and their effects on depression in later life. Using the 5th wave of Korea Retirement and Income Study(KReIS) in 2013, of baby boomers born in 1955 to 1963, we analyzed those who were completely retired(n=420). The Latent Profile Analysis(LPA) classified the empirical patterns of consumption and then a multiple regression analyzed the effect of consumption patterns on depression among these baby boomer retirees. The LPA results showed that the consumption patterns consist of five groups: (1) Basic life-oriented class(26.9%), (2) Balanced consumption class(29.3%), (3) Social life-oriented class(18.3%), (4) Leisure-oriented class(18.5%), and (5) Education-oriented class(7.0%). Baby boomer retirees' depression was associated with their consumption patterns. Specifically, the basic life-oriented class showed significantly lower depression than the education-oriented class. Other correlates such as higher education, having no spouse, lower subjective health, greater limitations in physical functions, having a diagnosed disability, having fewer children, higher dissatisfaction with leisure activities, and lower self-perceived economic status were associated with higher levels of depression in this study. These findings suggest meaningful implications for gerontological policy and practice for baby boomer retirees in Korea. In light of vulnerable retirement preparation, social services specialized for baby boomers should consider financial education for revamping consumption scale beyond asset management and long-term case management of pre and post retirement cases.