• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.22 no.11
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• pp.1858-1874
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• 2021

Recent advances in the molecular and genetic characterization of central nervous system (CNS) tumors have ushered in a new era of tumor classification, diagnosis, and prognostic assessment. In this emerging and rapidly evolving molecular genetic era, imaging plays a critical role in the preoperative diagnosis and surgical planning, molecular marker prediction, targeted treatment planning, and post-therapy assessment of CNS tumors. This review provides an overview of the current imaging methods relevant to the molecular genetic classification of CNS tumors. Specifically, we focused on 1) the correlates between imaging features and specific molecular genetic markers and 2) the post-therapy imaging used for therapeutic assessment.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.87-97
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• 2008

This research focused on development and application feasibility for the coalesced continuous block system in river bank protection. Most of block systems in river bank are pre cast type and have some difficulties against high velocity flood condition or high pressure load, however, the continuous block system can be applied to flood damage recover as well as environmental vegetation block system in river bank. For the application review and analysis of hydraulic condition for this block system, hydraulic physical modeling was carried out. The physical model was built as a scale of 1:50 by Froude similitude measuring the water levels and the water velocities for vegetation application or not. In consequence, the water velocities were observed to decrease meanly 10.1%, and the water depths were to increase meanly 17.8% in case of the of design flood, $Q=200m^3/sec$. To verify the hydraulic physical modeling, the numerical modeling should be conducted for a close examination of vegetation application by one or two dimensional numerical analysis as a next study.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.411-418
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• 1992

Recently, onset of bacterial disease, especially infiltration of chronic respiratory diseases have been increasing at high rate. The main cause of these diseases are originated from inappropriate sanitary management and slow progress in introducing system and herd free system, which are the base of productivity improvement in bigger pig management, Methods for the prevention and removal of these diseases, are divided into four categories. The first category includes prevention and removal of infectious diseases by organizing strict animal quarantine, enforcing vaccination, and legal regulation and disposal at the time of outbreak. The second category includes improvement of production systems. This purpose can be achieved by discontinuing the open herd system, which brings on the invasion of foreign pathogens and replacing the system by the closed type of farm. To Continue eradication process step-wisely by performing the all-in all-out system at every pig pen or herd level is also effective for this purpose. The third category includes introduction of herd free system can be achieved by repopulating conventional pigs with SPF pigs. If these means are unrealizable from economic or technical viewpoint, medicated early weaning system is perfomed. This system consists of disinfection of pigsty at pre-postpartum stage, application of drugs to pregnant sows and newborn piglets in accordance with the medication program, and early weaning and rearing of newborn piglets in isolation. The fourth category is sanital leading by veterinarians, aimed to eliminating incentives for diseases through diagnoses. Their main activities include periodical monitoring and improvement leading on each responsible subject.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.403-413
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• 2005

The environmental conservation-targeted zoning in urban planning process has been functioned as securing a ecological core in urban green spaces management. Hence, the designation of conservation zones in land use planning is considered as a key task to achieve the sustainability of urban planning. The recently introduced pre-environmental review system for the proposed urban plan, by which the conservative measures for urban ecosystem and landscape are suggested in aspect of environmental impact mitigation, has played an active role in enhancing the environmental performance degraded by wide range of development pressure. This study is aimed at drawing out of objective criteria for designation of environmental conservation zones, which can be applied to urban planning establishment and also to environmental assessment process. To achieve this goal, the study adopted the following methods; pre-study review, analysis of existing official opinion statements released by the Ministry of Environment, contents analysis of related laws, and experts' panel discussions on the finally arranged criteria. The results of this research can be summarized as follows: First, the total criteria of 48 are drown out with categorizing into environment-ecological and socio-cultural sectosr. Second, the environment-ecological part is composed of 33 criteria such as vegetation, animal, geomorphology, watershed, environmental land suitability, and etc. Here, the Degree of Ecological Function, Degree of Environmental Land Suitability, and Vegetation Map are mainly utilized. Third, the 15 socio-cultural criteria relating to the history, social ecology and landscape have such components as forest around relics, Seo-won(school), castle, tomb, landmark, skyline, natural landscape, and etc. Forth, these individual criteria can be applied to designation of each conservation zones among total of 11 conservation areas(or districts).

• Journal of KIBIM
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.19-23
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• 2011

The planning stage of an architectural project has much more significant effects on the cost or outcome of the project than other stages of the project. In addition, the importance of architectural planning has been further increasing according to the recent trend of construction projects becoming larger in scale and more complex. In spite of this, the current situation is that the planning stage work is not being systematically managed. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to develop a BIM-based simulation system for providing support during architectural planning stage such as spatial planning & review, cost review, project owner requirements management, etc. It is easy to review various alternatives using this system that allows not only the modeling of space object modeling but also the instantaneous review of spatial area & layout, cost, etc. based on object information. In addition, it can be used as a communication tool with the project owner as it provides the visualized information and quantitative data of the building model, and the information created through this system can be delivered to the following stage for usage. It is thought that using this system, the entire project work including the architectural planning stage can be supported and even contributing to the advancement of architectural process.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.42-50
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• 2014

Since internships or field training provide students with opportunities to choose skills, business interests and aptitudes in the actual workplace, their significant role in higher education has been gradually emphasized. In particular, engineering students gain increased adaptability to the industry, enhance their research abilities and acquire field-based expertise through internships or field training. However, effective operation of such internships or field training often pose various limitations. In this regard, the development of a system to manage students properly is urgently required for the effective operation of internships or field training. Systematic management of a series of related information ranging from a survey on the demand for internships or field training, planning, development and operation of pre-training programs, student guidance through information sharing between universities and businesses, data-gathering with regard to students' difficulties and their requirements, to prospects for future employment. In line with these requirements, this study attempts to present a modeling scheme for the development of a student management system for use in internships or field training. Towards this end, a questionnaire survey is conducted with engineering professors, students and graduates, along with a review of related literature to identify the needs for system development. Based on the results, a model of the system will be proposed through expert consultation.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1999.10a
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• pp.37-40
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• 1999

ETRI has successfully completed and delivered to KARI the KOMPSAT Mission Control System. This system was designed to work in the conventional TT&C modulation scheme with the pre-assigned frequencies. As a way to accelerate in catching up with future TT&C technology evolutions, a preliminary study needs to be carried out to prepare for the development of a spread spectrum applicable to TT&C. A brief study was carried out to review some points to be considered in designing and implementing spread spectrum schemes to the ground TT&C system intended for a LEO spacecraft. Also a simulation and link design revisit was performed to see the operational and technical benefits with the KOMPSAT TT&C parameters. An experiment concept is proposed to test as many functions at a time once the prototype is developed. In this configuration, a ground-model TT&C transponder is connected via LAN to the ETRI-developed KOMPSAT S/W simulator and linked to the KOMPSAT TM/TC processing s/w via spread spectrum signals through a GEO satellite bent-pipe link. A satellite data relay link simulation could be carried out in this configuration.

• Korean Medical Education Review
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.125-135
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• 2013

Since the establishment of the national medical licensing examination board in 1992, the medical licensing examination system has changed enormously and this has had a number of impacts on examination services. All those reforms were aimed at improving the relevance and reliability of the test. Several attempts of the testing system have appeared in the new examination service, and which have also brought about the changes in the medical school curriculum such as introducing integrated courses instead of traditional subjects, using test scores as a reference to the post-graduation selection test. Some examples of changes in the examination system are as follows: 1) choosing three integrated test subjects and outlines of their reference content instead of 15 academic subjects, 2) adjusting the ratio of multiple choice question items to focus more on the problem solving level, 3) introduction of 'one-best answer' single set and 'extended matching type items, 4) item construction based on real clinical cases and real clinical materials. Recently, a clinical skill test system has been introduced to measure examinees' basic clinical skills competencies. Despite continuing efforts, the examination system still has many issues remaining to be solved. These problems include the differential weighting of test items, appropriate threshold for passing, and practicality of pre-testing to stabilize the passing rate and avoid the hazards of newness and undesirably difficult test items.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.14-22
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• 2010

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate any clinical research regarding asthma published by the Korean Oriental Medical Society and its sub-societies for future rigorous clinical research. Methods: Every article relevant to asthma was initially obtained from journals in the Korean Oriental Medical Society and its sub-societies by electronic search at journal web sites or manual search. Journals were limited to those registered by the Korea Research Foundation. From initial findings, two independent reviewers selected clinical articles and these articles were further analyzed separately into predefined criteria according to prospective and retrospective studies. For prospective studies, quality assessment was also conducted. Results: From 99 articles initially obtained, 19 were finally analyzed. 14 were prospective whereas 5 were retrospective. Among the prospective articles, there were no randomized controlled trials and the non-randomized studies had no control groups, with several problems of quality regarding pre-calculated study size and unbiased assessment. None of the retrospective studies described asthma diagnosis objectively and outcome measures were either non-relevant to asthma or non-validated. Conclusions: Well-designed randomized controlled studies for asthma are needed and more rigorous non-randomized controlled studies should be conducted.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.62 no.1
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• pp.35-45
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• 2019

Objective : To describe our experiences with a fully equipped high-end digital subtraction angiography (DSA) system within a hybrid operating room (OR). Methods : A single-plane DSA system with 3-dimensional rotational angiography, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), and real-time navigation software was used in our hybrid OR. Between April 2014 and January 2018, 191 sessions of cerebrovascular procedures were performed in our hybrid OR. After the retrospective review of all cases, the procedures were categorized into three subcategorical procedures : combined endovascular and surgical procedure, complementary rescue procedure during intervention and surgery, and frameless stereotaxic operation. Results : Forty-nine of 191 procedures were performed using hybrid techniques. Four cases of blood blister aneurysms and a ruptured posterior inferior cerebellar artery aneurysm were treated using bypass surgery and endovascular trapping. Eight cases of ruptured aneurysm with intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) were treated by partial embolization and surgical clipping. Six cases of ruptured arteriovenous malformation with ICH were treated by Onyx embolization of nidus and subsequent surgical removal of nidus and ICH. Two (5.4%) of the 37 cases of pre-mature rupture during clipping were secured by endovascular coil embolization. In one (0.8%) complicated case of 103 intra-arterial thrombectomy procedures, emergency surgical embolectomy with bypass surgery was performed. In 27 cases of ICH, frameless stereotaxic hematoma aspiration was performed using $XperGuide^{(R)}$ system (Philips Medical Systems, Best, the Netherlands). All procedures were performed in single sessions without any procedural complications. Conclusion : Hybrid OR with a fully equipped DSA system could provide precise and safe treatment strategies for cerebrovascular diseases. Especially, we could suggest a strategy to cope flexibly in complex lesions or unexpected situations in hybrid OR. CBCT with real-time navigation software could augment the usefulness of hybrid OR.