• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.7-17
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• 2021

In the case of domestic medical device advertisements, it is possible to proceed with the advertisement after medical device certification, and pre-deliberation is possible based on the medical device technical document. However, there are some medical device advertisements that stakeholders in administrative procedures have no choice but to misunderstand in customs and laws that do not consider users. In addition, medical equipment and the pre-deliberation system were judged to be unconstitutional, and unconstitutional decisions were made in accordance with the principle of prohibiting pre-censorship based on the Constitution. This is because in domestic medical device advertisements, structural contradictions and user damage occur in the central structure of each stakeholder. It is necessary to reestablish stakeholder relationships, increase water solubility from customs and laws, and seek new policy proposals. In this study, we reestablish relationships with stakeholders by applying the Autopoiesis theory, and present the grounds and directions that can prevent hype and misidentified advertisements through the establishment of user-centered policies, and the measures to be taken by the Constitutional Court unconstitutional decision.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.187-199
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• 2015

Background: Singapore has the stable healthcare system with utilizing pharmacist manpower in proper positions by demand of populations' health among Asian countries. Objective: This study aims to systematically review (1) the pharmacists' role and (2) the pharmacy education system of Singapore in comparison with Korea. Method: We searched for information about academic, medical and governmental institutions related to professional pharmacists' practice in Singapore by primarily using database such as DBpia, KISS, Google Scholar and ProQuest and the official website of the Singapore Ministry of Health. We contacted and arranged the visit schedules with National University of Singapore, National Health Group's polyclinics, Agency for Integrated Care, National University Hospital, and community chain pharmacies. During onsite visits, we interviewed pharmacists working in each institution and obtained additional documents and materials relevant to this manuscript work. Results: To become a registered pharmacist in Singapore, the pharmacy curriculum requires four full-time academic years and six additional months allotted for pre-registration training. Pharm.D. course is offered for pharmacy graduate students with additional two full-time years of study. Team teaching and inter professional education program seem the most significant method in pharmacy education. Pharmacists working at hospitals, polyclinics, and community pharmacies in Singapore take broader roles and offer more cognitive services such as smoking cessation program and medication reconciliation. Especially, pharmacists in Agency for Integrated Care fill the role of primary care providers for the continuing care of the community through the governmental support toward the patients-centered integrated care. Conclusion: Singaporean pharmacists take significant and active roles in collaboration with other healthcare providers. Efforts such as interprofessional pharmacy education and governmental endorsement of the systematic and interactive care between pharmacists and other medical providers in Singapore are needed to be urgently applied to Korea healthcare system for the promotion of population health.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.7204-7210
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• 2015

This paper has developed the system for supporting the approximate construction cost and the quantity estimation based on 3D model information in the pre-project planning phase of 3-span continuous cable-bridge with 2-pylons. First of all, we'd analyzed the design information (structural design report, blueprint and quantity) of the existing cable-stayed bridges and derived the design variables of cable-stayed bridges. We developed the BIM wizard that generates a cable-stayed bridge model parametrically based on derived design variables. The principle material quantities of cable-stayed bridge are calculated directly from 3-dimensional bridge model built by using the BIM wizard. Then, we can estimate the construction cost in relation to its quantities and unit cost of cable-stayed bridge. In a result, we have established the system that the construction cost can be estimated more specific than the conventional method (construction estimates per meter or square meter). We hereby will be able to review various alternatives as soon as possible in bidding process.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.47-55
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• 2007

Development of digital technology has become closely connected with housing environment. Especially for the matured population, it is very important because they need substantial support in their daily lives. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to identify needs of digital network services for future housing development. Previous researches were limited to digital technology of network systems and its usages. On the other hand, this study focuses on not only the technology but services. This study consists of literatures review and empirical survey. The subjects were the mid-age and pre-elderly between 45 to 65. The analysis of this study results outlined as follows: First, the pre-elderly appeared to have, in general, positive perceptions about digital services of the housing environment. The results of needs for each space's, showed strongly in basic safety and aiding system for memories. Second, there are differences in needs according to respondent's characteristics such as sex, income, job, house type, experience in digital system. Third, there are differences between what they think and what they really responded in both spaces and services. It menas that present planning elements may not attractive and suitable to residents. Therefore it is necessary to redesign the services. In the future, the most important thing is, making comfortable space not convenient space. That is, excluding unnecessary elements and pick up the right ones for resident's real demands.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.244-252
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• 1999

Intensive selection for muscle development and against fat deposition in pigs during the last 50 years has contributed to the increased incidence of porcine stress syndrome (PSS) and pale soft exudative pork (PSE). Genetics, nutrition and management, preslaughter animal handling, stunning, dehairing and carcass chilling influence the incidence and magnitude of the PSE condition. The normal incidence of PSE has been reported to range from 10 to 30%, but in some isolated instances is up to 60%. The elimination of halothane-positive pigs in breeding programs has reduced PSS and PSE. Further improvements in meat quality by terminal sire evaluation and selection can be achieved within halothane-negative populations because around 20% of the variation in meat color and water binding capacity seems to be genetically related. Pre-slaughter handling on the farm, during transit to the packing plant and at the packing plant can greatly influence the meat quality, contributing 10 to 25% of the variation. An effective stunning method, skinning instead of scalding/dehairing and rapid post-slaughter chilling further reduce the incidence of PSE pork. In addition to proper care and handling a carcass-merit based marketing system, that reflected the value differential between desirable and undesirable meat quality in the pricing system for pigs, would provide a great incentive to change pork production systems in order to improve meat quality, thus improving the image and usefulness of pork as food.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2011.10a
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• pp.589-594
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• 2011

Selecting an appropriate railway system in urban railway project is an important step for an efficient public transport policy. This paper attempts to solve the railway system selection problems in the (pre)feasibility study or preliminary research of urban railway project, by the rough transportation demand forecasting and financial analysis. There are two stages in this paper: in stage one, we review the worthwhile and various criteria which presented in precedent studies; whereas in stage two, an structured selection criteria is proposed for determining the appropriate railway system in urban railway project. The utilization of the proposed criteria is demonstrated with the case of a newtown in the metropolitan area. The results show that proposed criteria can be used to make the rational decision for governmental financial condition and social benefit.

• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.1-11
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• 1996

Two different methods to extract the license plate area of a vehicle have been used for automatic recognition purposes. One method is with a color vision system and the other is with an edge detecting operator. The system with color vision has some problems if the colors of license plate and vehicle's body are similar. The various plate colors in Korea also drops the system performance. The edge detecting operator also has a problem for a real time processing since it performs on all pixels of the scene. In this paper a possible method using gray level vision system and available pre-known information of license plates is suggested. The suggested procedure searches the lower boundary of the plate by counting high contrast points between one and near pixel from the bottom line of the scene. It finds the upper boundary from the bottom line by adding number plate height after finding the lower boundary. The left and right boundaries are found by similar processes.

• KSCI Review
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.117-122
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• 2006

In this paper, we designed and implemented the DCS(Distributed Control System) terminal remote monitoring board for build total unified management system based wireless communication on automatic control system fields. Also, it tested and evaluated for check an usability and performance. The board monitored relay and fuse status at power management room real-time. Therefore, we expected economic effects extend relay life-time that pre-detected errors and prevented relay fault.

• Korean System Dynamics Review
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.61-84
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• 2014

This study aims to explore the development and application of a simulated skills package designed to improve nursing students' knowledge integration and their system thinking(ST) skills about congestive heart failure(CHF) and to identify the change in students' ST levels using a ST-based learning approach. A simulated learning support package was developed by nurse educators and ST experts. The developed program was implemented with 35 third-year nursing students from S university in Seoul. The subjects improved their ST skills regarding CHF after intervention. Mean test scores for students completing the program were significantly higher than pre-intervention scores, including measures of direction of causality, polarity of causal relationship, feedback loop, polarity of feedback loop (reinforcing, balancing) and time delay (t=2.26~6.53, p=.030~p<.001). It is suggested that more educational programs be developed on various topics in order for nursing students to improve their ST skills as well as knowledge integration in clinical nursing practicum packages.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.27 no.A
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• pp.185-193
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• 2007

The object of this study is the development of a Method which is enable to review the preliminary feasibility for co-generation system in new apartment buildings. In Korea co-generation systems have been installed in most of large industrial plants and commercial buildings which consume a large quantity of electric and heat energy, for energy saving and cutting products cost, under positive governmental supports. However for apartment buildings which consume quite a large electric and heat energy, are still remained in conventional energy supply system, and are not popular to utilize useful co-generation system. One of the major reason for these is the lack of clear and easy justification tool. In this circumstance, this study can provide a tool to verify the feasibility of co-generation in apartment buildings with this handy tools for planners and designers beforehand.