• 정보처리학회논문지A
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• 제18A권6호
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• pp.271-280
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• 2011

실시간 소프트웨어 설계 구조 중의 하나인 시간 구동 구조 (TTA: Time-Triggered Architecture)는 미리 정해진 시간에 따라 특정 태스크를 수행하기 때문에 소프트웨어의 동작을 예측하기 쉽지만 이의 적용을 위해서는 시스템의 시간 제약성을 만족시키는 설계 과정이 필수적이다. 반면 이벤트 구동 구조 (ETA: Event-Triggered Architecture)는 외부의 이벤트가 발생함에 따라 대응되는 태스크를 수행하는 방식으로 소프트웨어의 구조가 직관적이고 이벤트에 대한 반응 시간이 빠르며 확장이 용이하다. 그러나 이 구조는 다양한 이벤트 발생 상황에 대한 시스템 동작의 예측이 어려워서 높은 안전도가 필요한 시스템 구현에 많이 사용되고 있지 않다. 많은 관련 연구에서 높은 안전도가 필요한 안전 지향 시스템에 TTA를 적용 할 것을 권장되지만, 실제 구현에 있어서는 이의 적용에 필요한 실시간성 분석에 많은 노력이 소요되고, 소프트웨어 공학기술 적용에 대한 인식 부족으로 TTA의 적용이 많지 않은 실정이다. 본 논문은 인간의 생명과 직결되어 이에 따른 실시간성과 안전성이 요구되는 인공심장 제어 시스템에 내장된 소프트웨어 구조를 TTA 기반으로 개선한 연구를 기술한다. 본 연구에서는 인터럽트 측정 소프트웨어를 구현하여 기존에 내장된 실시간 소프트웨어가 가진 태스크의 시간적 속성을 파악하고 RMA (Rate-Monotonic Analysis) 실시간 분석 기법을 통해 시스템의 실시간성을 만족할 수 있도록 설계를 개선하였다. 또한, 이를 바탕으로 인공심장 제어 소프트웨어의 구현을 개선하여 다양한 실험을 통해 개선된 TTA 기반의 소프트웨어를 탑재한 인공심장 시스템은 시스템의 동작 예측도를 획기적으로 높여주면서 기존의 인공심장 시스템과 동일하게 동작함을 확인하였다.

• 한국의료질향상학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.36-51
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• 1997

Background : Clinical practice guidelines define "systematically developed statements to assist practitioner and patient decisions about appropriate health care for specific clinical circumstances" and help to improve patient care. The purpose of this study is to develop a clinical practice guideline for the most effective diagnoses and treatments of benign prostatic hyperplasia based on patient preference and clinical need. Methods : For this research project, extensive literature searches (208 articles) were conducted. As well, critical reviews and syntheses (meta-analysis) were used to evaluate empirical evidence and significant outcomes of the BPH literature. Questionnaires about clinical practice for BPH patients were distributed and consensus meetings were undertaken to grasp variations in clinical practice and to reach agreement on the guideline's development. The guideline was promoted under the sponsorship of the Korean Medical Association and the Korean urological Cancer. Society. For the task, the Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Guideline Panel was composed of multidisciplinary experts in the field. Results : BPH is a disease that affects a patient's quality of life. This Clinical Practice Guideline was developed for the typical man over age 50 with symptoms of prostatism, but with no significant medical morbidities such as diabetes or other known causes of voiding dysfunction, such as urethral stricture or neurogenic bladder. The guidelines detail the relative benefits and obstacles associated with all diagnostic and treatment approaches, including watchful waiting. Conclusion : This guideline provides a cornerstone for our medical association. It represents the most current scientific knowledge regarding the development, diagnosis, and treatment of BPH. It will be revised and updated as needed.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회A
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• pp.291-295
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• 2007

FTL(Fuel Test Loop) is a facility that confirms performance of nuclear fuel at a similar irradiation condition with that of nuclear power plant. FTL consists of In-Pile Test Section (IPS) and Out-Pile System (OPS). FTL construction work began on August, 2006 and ended on March, 2007. During Construction, ensuring the worker's safety was the top priority and installation of the FTL without hampering the integrity of the HANARO was the next one. Task Force Team was organized to do a construction systematically and the communication between members of the task force team was done through the CoP(community of Practice) notice board provided by the Institute. The installation works were done successfully overcoming the difficulties such as on the limited space, on the radiation hazard inside the reactor pool, and finally on the shortening of the shut down period of the HANARO. Without a sweet of the workers of the participating company of HEC(Hyundae Engineering Co, Ltd), HDEC(HyunDai Engineering & Construction Co. Ltd), equipment manufacturer, and the task force team, it is not possible to install the FTL facility within the planned shutdown period. The Commissioning of the FTL is on due to check the function and the performance of the equipment and the overall system as well. The FTL shall start operation with high burn up test fuels in early 2008 if the commissioning and licensing progress on schedule.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.33-38
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to analyzes the Job of Dental Hygienists in Dental (Clinics) Hospitals the Capital region. This study analyzes the degree of job importance and education-training need about and task, task according to work place and work age. The results are as follows : (1) Job importance of dental hygienists were order 'photographing in Dental Radiology', 'Management of Dental clinic', 'Oral prophylaxis', in case education-training need was order 'dental health insurance', 'Oral prophylaxis', 'Management of Dental clinic'. duty more than 5.0 of job importance and education-training need was as 'dental health education', 'Oral prophylaxis', 'preventive dental treatment', 'dental assistance (cooperation)', 'photographing in Dental Radiology', 'dental health insurance', 'Management of Dental clinic', Duty of practice centering in Dental (Clinics) Hospitals except 'Public oral health'. (2) Job importance and education-training need of task increased most of job importance in proportion to education-training need. (3) No significantly between dental hospital hygienist and dental clinic hygienist difference of job importance and education-training need according to work place. but 'Management of Dental clinic' and 'dental health insurance' of dental hospital hygienist lower than dental clinic hygienist. (4) The results job importance compare less 3 years to more 3 years of dental hygienists were perceive significantly 'dental health education', 'Public oral health', 'dental health insurance', 'Management of Dental clinic' the other hand, education-training need was perceive significantly 'preventive dental treatment'.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.119-124
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• 2008

Many automobile assembly workers often do several cycles of tasks continuously, i.e., without breaks, to get a longer break. This is not recommended since the dose of fatigue increases exponetially with time and it takes much longer time to recover. In this study, a laboratory experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of work/rest schedules on workload of a repetitive upper-limb task. Eleven male subjects participated in the experiment, in which simulated screw driving tasks were carried out repetitively with 3 different work/rest schedules: standard breaks(1 cycle of work at a time, 60 20-s breaks), medium breaks(5 cycles of work at a time, 12 100-s breaks), and long breaks(10 cycles of work at a time, 6 200-s breaks). The result showed that medium- and long-breaks schedules significantly increased the level of perceived discomfort and %HRR as compared to the standard-break schedule. The subjects' preference was not statistically different among work/rest schedules, which might be caused from the absolutely low level of workload of the experimental tasks. From the results, it is recommended to have frequent and shorter breaks rather than infrequent and longer breaks to decrease the level of physical workload. A more expanded studies, however, should be carried out to provide more practical safety guidelines on the work practice of continuous working without breaks among automobile assembly workers.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.2-30
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• 2016

This article provides an overview of the developmental history and rationale of medical ethics to establish the code of ethics and professional conduct of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (KACAP). Most medical professional organizations have their own codes of ethics and conduct because they have continuous responsibility to regulate professional activities and conducts for their members. The Ethics and Award Committee of the KACAP appointed a Task-Force to establish the code of ethics and conduct in 2012. Because bioethics has become global, the Ethics Task Force examined global standards. Global standards in medical ethics and professional conduct adopted by the World Medical Association and the World Psychiatric Association have provided the basic framework for our KACAP's code of ethics and professional conduct. The Code of Ethics of the Americal Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry has provided us additional specific clarifications required for child and adolescent patients. The code of ethics and professional conduct of the KACAP will be helpful to us in ethical clinical practice and will ensure our competence in recognizing ethical violations.

• 한국경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국경영과학회/대한산업공학회 2005년도 춘계공동학술대회 발표논문
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• pp.574-578
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• 2005

The project objectives, called critical-to-quality (CTQs) in six sigma, should be defined to faithfully reflect the customer requirements. The identification of such a set of CTQs, which is currently done using brainstorming in practice, is a challenging task. Notwithstanding the rapid growth of the six sigma literature, development of a systematic procedure for identifying CTQs has scarcely been addressed. This paper proposes a systematic method for generating CTQ candidates based on the given voice of the customer in the DFSS/C (Design for Six Sigma / Commercial) context. By providing a step-by-step procedure, the proposed method ensures that all the important CTQ candidates are identified and subjective judgments are minimally required. Hence, the shortcomings associated with the existing practice based on brainstorming can be effectively overcome. The unique characteristics of the proposed method are also demonstrated via a case study.

• Journal of Computing Science and Engineering
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.162-179
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• 2008

We have developed a tool for annotation of electronic health record (EHR) data. Currently we are in the process of manually annotating a corpus of Norwegian general practitioners' EHRs with mainly linguistic information. The purpose of this project is to attain a linguistically annotated corpus of patient histories from general practice. This corpus will be put to future use in medical language processing and information extraction applications. The paper outlines some of our practical experiences from developing such a corpus and, in particular, the effects of semi-automated annotation. We have also done some preliminary experiments with part-of-speech tagging based on our corpus. The results indicated that relevant training data from the clinical domain gives better results for the tagging task in this domain than training the tagger on a corpus form a more general domain. We are planning to expand the corpus annotations with medical information at a later stage.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.143-154
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the clinical practice experiences of nursing students who completed the courses of nursing curricula in college. Method: The data was collected using a questionnaire with 191 task elements in 8 nursing standards specified by the Korean Nurses Association(2003), from December 2004 to January 2005. Three hundred thirty-three nursing students from five three-year and five four-year colleges of nursing were selected for respondents. Result: The nursing activities which over 70% of the students had performance experiences with were 23 items(12.04%) practiced frequently in clinical settings, simple, low in malpractice risk and noninvasive in characteristic. In addition, the nursing activities which under 30% of students had performance experiences with were 87 items(45.55%). The nursing activities which over 70% of students had only observation experiences with were 20 items(10.47%). Also, the nursing activities that over 30% of students didn't have any experiences with were 19 items(9.95%) not frequently seen in the clinical setting. Conclusion: It is concluded that the students are not fully qualified as the new nurses of the future. Therefore, every effort to develop a more effective clinical nursing education in school, clinical settings and in students themselves is needed.

• Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.6-18
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• 2015

There has been an explosion of new research and writing about all aspects of the information disciplines. Nevertheless, both academics and practitioners often find it difficult to engage in successful writing strategies. Indeed, writing is hard work, and doing it in a way that leads to publication is an even harder task. Since reading is essential to good writing, the challenges of learning to write are obvious. In this essay, I am drawing on many years of experience in writing and publishing, as well as considerable reading of writers’ memoirs, advice books on writing, literary studies, and other perspectives on the experience of writing in order to offer a set of approaches that can be pursued over a lifetime of scholarship and practice. Writing is a craft or art to be learned, and learning demands paying attention to the audience, having clear objectives, being an avid reader, and possessing the ability to accept and learn from criticism. While information professionals and scholars incessantly write for each other, there are large segments of the public and other disciplines who they ignore. Fortunately, the tools and resources for improving one’s writing are both broad and deep; discipline and realistic strategies are all that are required to improve one’s writing and, ultimately, to achieve success in publishing.