• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.957-963
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• 2014

Converter transformers play important roles in high-voltage direct current transmission systems. This paper presents experimental and analysis results of the combined electrical and thermal aging of oil-impregnated paper at pulsating DC voltages. Breakdown voltages and time-to-breakdown of oil-paper specimens were measured by using short-time and constant-stress tests. The breakdown characteristics of combined electrical and thermal aging on insulation system were discussed. According to the relationship between failure time and aging temperature, the two-parameter Weibull model was improved. On the basis of the competing risk algorithm and the improved Weibull model, the two factors failure model was calculated. And the influence of temperature in the insulation system has been analyzed. This model performs better than the two-parameter Weibull model when both time and temperature are considered as variables in estimating the lifetime of oil-paper insulation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.200-203
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• 2006

Prior to destructive testing, diagnostic tests were performed in eight high voltage motors. Diagnostic tests included polarization index, ac current, dissipation factor($tan{\delta}$) and partial discharge magnitude. The rewind of motor stator insulation at rated voltage is assessed by the results of these tests. After completing the diagnostic tests, the stator windings of motors were subjected to gradually increasing ac voltage, until the insulation punctured. No. 1 motor failed near rated voltage of 12.96 kV. The breakdown voltage of No. 4 motor was 6.99 kV which is lower that expected for good quality coils in 6.6 kV class motors. The failure was located in a line-end coil at the exit from the core slot. These two motors began operation in 1994. While testing No. 7 motor, flashover occurred between the stator winding and the stator frame at 15 kV. The relationship between the diagnostic test and the drop in insulation breakdown voltage was analyzed.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2020.12a
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• pp.353-358
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• 2020

Recent efforts to develop a common standard for nuclear power plants (NPPs) with the aim of creating (1) a digital environment for a better understanding of NPPs life-cycle management aspect and (2) engineering data interoperability by using existing standards among different unspecified project participants (e.g., owners/operators, engineers, contractors, equipment suppliers) during plants' life cycle process (EPC, O&M, and decommissioning). In order to meet this goal, there is a need for formulating a standardized high-level physical breakdown structure (PBS) for NPPs project management office (PMO). However, high-level PBS must be comprehensive enough and able to represent the different types of plants and the new trends of technologies in the industry. This has triggered the need for addressing the issues of the recent operational NPPs and future technologies' ramification for evaluating the changes in the NPPs physical components in terms of structure, system, and component (SSC) configuration. In this context, this ongoing study examines the recent conventional NPPs and technological trends in the development of future NPPs facilities. New reactor models regarding the overlap of variant issues of nuclear technology were explored. Finally, issues on PBS for project management are explored by the examination of the configuration of NPPs primary system. The primary systems' configuration of different reactor models is assessed in order to clarify the need for analyzing the new trends in nuclear technology and to formulate a common high-level PBS. Findings and implications are discussed for further studies.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.16-21
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• 2017

Fire or electrical problem while DC electric traction vehicle operation caused by various reasons can lead to not only suspension of the operation, but also severe aftermath such as massive casualty. In this paper, fire analysis on DC electric traction vehicle caused by electrical breakdown on line breaker, which is in connection with the power supply, is presented. When the electric arc, the by-product of frequent line breaker operation, is not fully diminished, it leads to electrical breakdown and fire. Especially, electrical breakdown can be easily induced by the open-and-close operation of inner contractor inside line breaker, eventually followed by ground fault and generation of transient current. Electric arc is consequent on the ground fault and acts as possible ignition source, leading to fire. Also, during the repetitive operation of the line breaker, the contactor is separated each other and some copper powder is generated, and the copper powder provided breakdown path, resulting in fire.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.48 no.11
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• pp.1-8
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• 2011

One of the most important parameters that limit maximum output power of transistor is breakdown. InAlAs/InGaAs/GaAs Metamorphic HEMTs (MHEMTs) have some advantages, especially for cost, compared with InP-based ones. However, GaAs-based MHEMTs and InP-based HEMTs are limited by lower breakdown voltage for output power even though they have good microwave and millimeter-wave frequency performance with lower minimum noise figure. In this paper, InAlAs/$In_xGa_{1-x}As$/GaAs MHEMTs are simulated and analyzed for breakdown. The parameters affecting breakdown are investigated in the fabricated 0.1-${\mu}m$ ${\Gamma}$-gate MHEMT device having the modulation-doped $In_{0.52}Al_{0.48}As/In_{0.53}Ga_{0.47}As$ heterostructure on the GaAs wafer using the hydrodynamic transport model of a 2D commercial device simulator. The impact ionization and gate field effect in the fabricated device including deep-level traps are analyzed for breakdown. In addition, Indium mole-fraction-dependent impact ionization rates are proposed empirically for $In_{0.52}Al_{0.48}As/In_xGa_{1-x}As$/GaAs MHEMTs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2004.07a
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• pp.280-283
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• 2004

This paper discribes the design concept, fabrication process and measuring result of 2.5kV Gate Commutated Thyristor devices. Integrated gate commutated thyristors(IGCTs) is the new power semiconductor device used for high power inverter, converter, static var compensator(SVC) etc. Most of the ordinary GTOs(gate turn-off thyristors) are designed as non-punch-through(NPT) concept; i.e. the electric field is reduced to zero within the N-base region. In this paper, we propose transparent anode structure for fast turn-off characteristics. And also, to reach high breakdown voltage, we used 2-stage bevel structure. Bevel angle is very important for high power devices, such as thyristor structure devices. For cathode topology, we designed 430 cathode fingers. Each finger has designed $200{\mu}m$ width and $2600{\mu}m$ length. The breakdown voltage between cathode and anode contact of this fabricated GCT device is 2,715V.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.259-262
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• 2007

In this paper approves AC high voltage by experimental GIS(Gas Insulated Switchgear) chamber and AC 300[kV] power source to study breakdown characteristics by pressure(P) change and change of electrode distance(d) at AC high voltage of Imitation Air(I-Air, $N_2$ : $O_2$ = 79(%) : 21[%]) to alternate $SF_6$ and achieved research. Gave P change of I-Air to study I-Air's breakdown characteristics using uniform(Sphere-Sphere electrode) and non-uniform fields(Needle-Plane electrode) and studied relations breakdown voltage($V_B$) by each P different d.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.14-15
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• 2009

Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor(IGBTs) are widely used in power device industry. However, to improve the breakdown voltage, IGBTs are suffered from increasing on-state voltage drop due to structural design. In this paper, the new structure is proposed to solve this problem. The proposed structure has double p-floating layer inserted in n-drift layer. The p-floating layers improve the breakdown voltage compared to conventional IGBT without change of other electrical characteristics such as on-state voltage drop and threshold voltage. this is because the p-floating layers expand electric field distribution at blocking state. A electrical characteristic of proposed structure is analyzed by using simulators such as TSUPREM and MEDICI. As a result, on-state voltage drop and threshold voltage are same to a conventional TIGBT, but breakdown voltage is improved to 16%.

• Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.38-42
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• 2003

HTS transformer is promising one of HTS power applications to be commercialized in the near future. To realize the applications, insulation technology in the coolant, liquid nitrogen, should be established. So breakdown characteristics should be considered at insulation components; turn-to-turn, layer-to-layer, winding-to-winding, were investigated. Firstly breakdown strengths of Kapton films were compared with Kraft paper these are as turn insulator. And next the characteristics of surface flashover on FRP were measured and the influence on breakdown strength of bubble generated with joule heat was discussed with the shape of cooling channel between layers. Finally barrier effect at winding-to-winding was discussed.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.60 no.5
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• pp.1005-1010
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• 2011

The accidents caused by dielectric instability have been increasing in power grid. It is important to enhance the dielectric reliability of a high voltage apparatus to reduce the damage from electrical hazards. To develop an electrically reliable high voltage apparatus, the experimental study on the electrical breakdown field strength is indispensable, as well as theoretical approach. In this paper, the lightning impulse breakdown characteristics considering utilization factors are studied for the establishment of insulation design criteria of an high voltage apparatus. The utilization factors are represented as the ratio of mean electric field to maximum electric field. Dielectric experiments are performed by using several kinds of sphere-plane electrode systems made of stainless steel. As a result, it is found that dielectric characteristics are affected by not only maximum electric field intensity but also utilization factors of electrode systems. The results are expected to be applicable to designing the air-insulated high voltage apparatuses.