• 제목/요약/키워드: poverty alleviation effect

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Impact of Education on Multidimensional Poverty Reduction at the Post-Poverty Alleviation Era in Xinjiang

  • Jian Qiu;Hongsen Wang;Ailida Aikerbayr
    • East Asian Economic Review
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    • 제27권3호
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    • pp.243-269
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    • 2023
  • The multidimensional poverty index is an indicator system established for defining and evaluating poverty, to understand poverty in dimensions beyond just monetary scarcity. Based on income, education, health, living standards, and social dimensions, this article measures and analyzes the level of multidimensional poverty in Xinjiang using the AlkireFoster method, with cross-sectional data obtained from a 2022 survey. Probit model is constructed for regression analysis, further considering the impact of education on enhancing feasible capabilities and alleviating multidimensional poverty at the post-poverty alleviation era. The data shows that many people still face significant challenges from the perspective of multidimensional poverty; the decomposition results of each dimension show that education contributes more to the multidimensional poverty; the regression analysis results show that the higher the education level, the lower the multidimensional poverty; heterogeneity analysis revealed that the inhibitory effect of education on multidimensional poverty is greater for females than males, and the poverty reduction effect of education mainly concentrates on middle-aged and older individuals. This article is meaningful for exploring strategies to alleviate multidimensional poverty in ethnic minority regions in frontier areas in the new era, accelerating regional economic development, and achieving shared prosperity.

선진자본주의국가 공적연금의 노인 빈곤완화효과 : 이중차분접근 (Poverty Alleviation Effect for the Old Aged of Public Pension in Advanced Capitalist Countries : a Difference in Difference Approach)

  • 지은정
    • 사회복지연구
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    • 제42권4호
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    • pp.263-293
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    • 2011
  • 본 연구는 OECD 선진자본주의 10개국 공적연금의 노인 빈곤완화효과를 복지체제를 감안하여 이중차분을 통해 분석하였다. 자료는 유럽의 고령자 패널인 SHARE(waveI~II)와 미국의 HRS(2004~2006)이다. 단순 이중차분 분석결과, 연금을 계속 수급하지 못하는 노인의 빈곤율은 악화되지만, 연금수급자의 빈곤율은 급감하였다. 이중차분을 통한 공적연금의 빈곤완화효과는 45.6%로, 기존의 pre/post방식의 빈곤완화효과보다 다소 크다. 하부집단으로 보면, pre/post 접근으로 측정한 보수주의 체제의 정책효과는 이중차분에 비해 과소평가되고, 사민주의와 자유주의는 과대평가되었다. 이중차분 회귀분석결과, 경제성장률은 유의한 영향을 미치지 않지만, 공적연금은 노인의 빈곤완화에 기여하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 복지체제에 따라 공적연금의 빈곤완화효과가 다르다. 자유주의 체제에 비해 보수주의와 사민주의체제 공적연금의 빈곤완화효과가 큰 것으로 볼 수 있다.

빈곤완화 효과를 통해서 본 기초연금의 정책목표 설정 (Critical Review on Goals of the Basic Pension of Korea : Based on the Empirical Analysis of the Poverty Alleviation Effect of the Basic Pension)

  • 김연명;한신실
    • 한국사회정책
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    • 제24권4호
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    • pp.89-112
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    • 2017
  • 이 글은 기초연금 인상만으로는 세계적으로 높은 한국의 노인빈곤율을 해소하기 어렵다는 점을 실증분석을 통해 밝히는 것이 목적이다. 패널자료를 이용하여 기초연금 인상대안 별로 빈곤완화효과를 추정한 결과 기초연금은 한국 노인의 절대빈곤을 완화하는데는 상당한 기여를 할 수 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 하지만 기초연금을 지금보다 2배 이상 인상해도 국제적 노인빈곤 기준인 상대빈곤율을 완화시키는 효과는 매우 제한적인 것으로 분석되었다. 이러한 분석을 근거로 이 논문은 기초연금의 정책목표는 사회적으로 합의된 절대빈곤의 해소에 두어야 하며 상대빈곤의 해소는 소득비례연금인 국민연금의 소득대체율 조정을 통해서 이루어져야 한다는 점을 주장한다.

사회보장급여의 빈곤완화 효과성 및 효율성 (Poverty Reduction Effectiveness and Efficiency of Social Security Benefits)

  • 노혜진
    • 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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    • 제21권6호
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    • pp.237-247
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    • 2021
  • 본 연구의 목적은 사회보장급여가 빈곤완화 효과성과 효율성에 미치는 영향을 분석하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 2019 가계금융복지조사를 활용하여 공적연금, 기초연금, 양육수당, 장애수당, 기초생활보장지원금, 근로장려금, 기타 정부보조금 등 7개 급여의 빈곤완화 효과성과 효율성을 분석하였다. 분석결과, 첫째 빈곤율 감소측면에서 사회보장급여는 전체가구의 빈곤율을 6.8%p 낮추었고, 빈곤율 감소에 가장 크게 기여하는 급여는 공적연금으로써 이는 특히 남성노인에게서 명확하다. 둘째, 빈곤강도 감소 측면에서 노인세대 남성가구에게는 공적연금이, 노인세대 여성가구주에게는 기초연금이, 근로세대 여성가구주에게는 기초보장이 가장 크게 기여하고 있었다. 마지막으로 빈곤완화 효율성 측면에서, 사회보장급여 중에서 약 33% 정도가 빈곤격차를 줄이는데 기여하는데, 여성가구주의 빈곤완화 효율성은 57.6%, 남성가구주는 24.3%로써, 사회보장급여가 여성가구주에게는 빈곤격차 완화 기능을, 남성가구주에게는 가구소득 보충 기능을 주로 하는 것이 발견되었다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 본 연구는 사회보장 급여 효과성의 다각적 검토, 빈곤완화 효과성과 효율성을 동시에 높이는 전략으로써 다양한 빈곤상태 발굴, 여성노인을 대상으로 한 기초보장 확대, 사회보장급여의 목적과 핵심 대상과의 연결 등을 제안하였다.

Infrastructure and Leading Commodity Identification on Poverty Alleviation in Buru Regency, Indonesia

  • WAHYUNINGSIH, Tri;MATDOAN, Arsad;SAING, Zubair
    • The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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    • 제7권12호
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    • pp.1205-1214
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    • 2020
  • The poverty level in Buru Regency is still high, despite the relatively stable economic growth. For this reason, the purpose of this study was to (1) Identify the leading commodity in each district in Buru Regency; (2) Analyze the effect of road infrastructure and leading commodities on poverty. The findings show that the most sparsely populated district is Fena Leisela, with mangoes as the leading commodity. Pineapple, langsat, apple rose, cabbages, cashews, coffee, cashew, melon, and watermelon are the leading products in Air Buaya, Batabual, Waplau, Lolong Guba, Lilialy, Waelata, Namlea, Kaiely Bay, and Waeapo, respectively. Additionally, the results also indicate that road infrastructure and leading commodities have a significant effect on poverty alleviation in Buru Regency. It means that improving infrastructure and increasing leading commodities production reduce poverty in the region. Good road infrastructure can promote connectivity between regions so that it can accelerate and expand economic development. The provision of infrastructure that encourages connectivity will reduce transportation costs and logistics costs to increase product competitiveness and accelerate the economic movement. When the road infrastructure in Buru Regency improves and new roads are built, it can improve transportation access, it will reduce the living cost for the poor and increase income, and open up opportunities for the poor to benefit from economic growth.

The Impact of Financial Inclusion on Economic Growth, Poverty, Income Inequality, and Financial Stability in Asia

  • RATNAWATI, Kusuma
    • The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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    • 제7권10호
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    • pp.73-85
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    • 2020
  • As an effort to achieve sustainable development and increase people's welfare, financial inclusion has become the policy agenda of many countries. Therefore, the effect of financial inclusion on economic growth, poverty, income inequality, and financial stability in several countries in Asia has become the goal and this is the subject of this study. Financial inclusion is measured by 3 dimensions, namely banking penetration, access to banking services, and use of banking services. Poverty ratio below the national poverty line and the Gini coefficient are used as indicators of poverty and income inequality. Financial stability is measured by Bank Z-Score and bank nonperforming loans. The results from the hypothesis test shows that all dimensions of financial stability simultaneously have significant influence on economic growth, poverty, income inequality, and financial stability. On the other hand, the partial impact of financial inclusion dimension on economic growth, poverty alleviation, income inequality, and financial stability in ten countries of Asia has not been optimal. The derived results of this study is required to be interpreted and considered by the Governments of each country in developing strategies for increasing financial inclusion, so that the policy to achieve sustainable development and enhancement of people's welfare can be achieved.

공적연금의 빈곤 완화 효과: OECD 34개 회원국의 비교연구 (The Effect of Poverty Reduction by Public Pension: A comparative study of 34 OECD Countries)

  • 김윤태;서재욱;박연진
    • 한국사회정책
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    • 제25권4호
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    • pp.301-321
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    • 2018
  • 이 논문의 목적은 공적연금제도의 양적인 측면과 질적인 측면의 어떠한 결합형태가 노인빈곤감소율을 설명하는 원인조건이 되는지를 분석하는데 있다. 이를 위해 노인빈곤감소율을 결과조건변수로, 공적연금지출 비중, 재분배지수, 1층 공적연금비중, 2층 공적연금비중과 2층 강제적 사적연금비중을 원인조건변수로 하는 퍼지셋 질적비교분석을 수행했다. 분석결과, 높은 공적연금지출 비중, 낮은 2층 공적연금비중과 높은 2층 강제적 사적연금비중의 결합은 높은 노인빈곤감소율의 원인조건이 되고 있었다. 그리고 낮은 노인빈곤감소율의 원인조건으로는 보다 다양한 결합 형태가 발견되었다. 이 논문은 이상의 연구결과를 토대로 정책적 제언을 제시했다.

OECD 15개국 중고령 남성의 취업률 결정요인 (The Factors Determining on the Employment Rate of Men Aged 55~64 in 15 OECD Countries)

  • 지은정
    • 한국사회복지학
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    • 제63권2호
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    • pp.233-260
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    • 2011
  • 본 연구는 1980~2005년 OECD 15개국 중고령 남성의 취업률 추이 및 취업률 결정요인을 분석하여 중고령 남성의 노동시장참여를 지원할 수 있는 방안을 살펴보고자 한다. 자료는 OECD, ILO, LIS이다. 분석은 노동시장참여의 상태의존성과 패널개체의 이질성을 반영한 동적패널모형으로서, 도구변수를 사용한 Arellano and Bonds(1981)의 차분 GMM으로 하였다. 분석결과, 55~64세 남성의 취업률은 1990년대 중반까지 감소하였으나, 그 이후 증가하고 있다. 둘째, 1980~2005년 기간동안 중고령 남성의 취업률은 상태의존성이 강하게 작용하였고, 정적인 기간효과가 나타났다. 공적 연금의 유인효과는 크게 나타나지 않았고, 노동시장의 배출요인이 부적인 영향을 미쳤다. 셋째, 1996~2005년은 노동시장위험완화요인인 임시직 비율이 중고령 남성의 취업률에 기여하였고, 빈곤이 노동의 메커니즘으로 나타났다.

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Effects of forestry host plants, rearing seasons and their interaction on cocoon productivity of tropical tasar silkworm, Antheraea mylitta in uttarakhand

  • Bhatia, N.K.;Yousuf, Mohd.
    • International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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    • 제30권2호
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    • pp.31-39
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    • 2015
  • Antheraea mylitta Drury (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) is a commercial silk producing forest insect of India, but it has never been experimented in Uttarakhand state in spite of the huge availability of its forestry host plants. This is the first study on A. mylitta in Uttarakhand. The goal of this study is to introduce forest based commercial rearing of A. mylitta, in tropical forest areas of Uttarakhand to reduce poverty among forest dependent people. In current study, we assessed the effect of seven forest tree species, rearing seasons, and their interactions on cocoon productivity of Daba (bivoltine) ecorace of A. mylitta in the New Forest of FRI, Dehra Dun during 2012 and 2013 and collected the data that was analysed by two-way completely randomized block factorial design. Post HOC Tukey's HSD test was carried out to compare the homogeneous pairs of means. We also carried out Evaluation Index analysis to rank the tested forestry host plants for better growth and development of A. mylitta under the climatic condition of Uttarakhand. Analysis of variance indicated that cocoon yield of A. mylitta differed significantly between rearing seasons (DF=1, F=88.24, p<0.05) and host plants (DF 6, F= 368.63, p<0.05); however, their interactions were found insignificant (DF=6, F=0.99, p>0.05). In first rearing season of July-August, there was higher cocoon yield than the second season of September-November. Results indicated that Terminalia alata fed larvae showed significantly higher cocoon yield (164.11 cocoons/300 larvae); followed by, T. tomentosa (148.89 cocoons), T. arjuna (140.00 cocoons) and Lagerstroemia speciosa (129.47 cocoons) fed larvae. Whereas, Lagerstroemia tomentosa fed larvae that was used by the first time in India, showed lowest cocoon yield (48.81 cocoons), followed by T. chebula (72.53 cocoons) fed larvae. Cocoon yield of T. tomentosa and T. arjuna fed larvae of A. mylitta did not differ significantly with each other.

군 병원 행정관리직의 조직성과 요인에 관한 실증연구 : 직무만족과 조직몰입을 중심으로 (The Study on The Effects on Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment of Military Hospital Administrators)

  • 우제구;조창현;최무현
    • 한국병원경영학회지
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    • 제19권3호
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    • pp.29-42
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    • 2014
  • This study included empirical methods of study such as surveys and interviews with military hospital administrators from 14 military hospitals across the country. The results of the study is described below. First, results by demographic characteristics show that higher level of organizational commitment was found in males than females and in singles than married couples. Also, by organizational units, major units of military hospitals showed higher level of organizational commitment as well as job satisfaction. Second, Fair compensation had positive(+) effects on the study participants' job satisfaction and organizational commitment as the research hypothesized. Compensation included monetary and social benefits for the work performed. A transparent compensation system to reward members that performed the best for the department and the corps with appropriate amounts must be in place. Third, the organization culture of being considerate had positive(+) effects on job satisfaction and organizational commitment while the culture of giving commands had negative(-) effects. Fourth, Conflict factors had negative(-) effects on job satisfaction with no direct effect on organizational commitment. Any organization must take measures when adverse effects of conflicts surface. As shown by the analysis results, conflict factors bring negative results to job satisfaction and organizational commitments. Department managers should utilize the proper function of conflicts as an accelerator in organization operation.

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