• PNF and Movement
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.31-39
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• 2019

Purpose: Cognitive function is a main concern for rehabilitation progression in individuals who have sustained brain damage, even among those whose motor function has returned after brain damage. The purpose of this study was to investigate how cognitive impairment relates to functional independence in postural stability and gait performance in patients with chronic hemiparetic stroke. Methods: This was an observational design in an outpatient rehabilitation hospital. Twenty-eight adults with chronic hemiparetic stroke, receiving a course in an outpatient rehabilitation program, participated in this study. They were divided into two groups (i.e., non-cognitive impairment and cognitive impairment groups) via a cut-off score of 23 or less on a mini-mental state examination. Functional independence was assessed with the timed up-and-go test (TUG), 10-meter walk test (10mWT), five times sit-to-stand test (FTSST), Berg balance scale (BBS), and modified Barthel index (MBI). The independent t-test was used for statistical analysis when comparing the two groups. Results: The cognitive impairment group had less functional independence, balance, and gait performance than those of the non-cognitive impairment group had. The former also showed a statistically significant decrease in their TUG score, FTSST score, BBS score, and MBI score compared to the latter, but not in their 10mWT score (p<0.05). Although the non-cognitive impairment group walked faster than the cognitive impairment group did, that difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that cognitive impairment relates to functional independence in postural stability and the activities of daily living. In rehabilitation settings, cognitive impairment would be considered a major component in therapeutic rehabilitation to overcome the patients difficult physical problems and to treat for improving functional independence more after stroke.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.97-103
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• 2014

Purpose: The aim of this study was to clarify the gender difference during standing balance in accordance with recruitment of abdominal muscles against sudden support surface translation. Methods: Twenty healthy males (n = 10, $26.50{\pm}3.54$ years, $170.60{\pm}6.30cm$, $72.80{\pm}5.69kg$) and females (n = 10, $24.40{\pm}2.63$ years, $163.00{\pm}4.97cm$, $52.10{\pm}4.41kg$) participated in the study. Each subject performed standing balance task on a platform, which moved in the anterior and posterior direction, with a total of 18 trials in three abdominal conditions (resting, hollowing, and bracing). We analyzed angular displacement of thoracic and lumbar spine and linear displacement of center of mass for evaluatione of spinal stability and standing balance, respectively. Results: Angular displacement of thoracic and lumbar spine and linear displacement of center of mass did not differ significantly between female and male in all conditions. Conclusion: Our results indicate that the ability to maintain spinal stability and standing balance were similar between male and female regardless of the abdominal contractile conditions and the direction of support surface translation.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.241-246
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• 2012

Purpose: We investigated the effect of postural stability and balance with foot orthotics in hemiplegic patients. Methods: The subjects enrolled in this study were 16 hemiplegic patients who were examined for balance ability, weight distribution, and limits of stability with or without foot orthotics insole. Balance was measured according to a stance position by BIORESCUE: static balance open eyes (SEO), static balance close eyes (SEC), dynamic balance open eyes (DEO), dynamic balance close eyes (DEC), right and left weight distribution (RLWD), anterior and posterior weight distribution (APWD) and limit of stability (LOS). The data were analyzed with SPSS window version 18.0 (IBM Co., Armonk, NY, USA). Results: The results were of significant changes to the SEO (p<0.05), RLWD (p<0.05), APWD (p<0.05), and LOS (p<0.05). The SEC, DEO and DEC were not found to be statistically significant. Conclusion: It was found that foot orthotics affected the balance for hemiplegic patients. Therefore, it is thought to help fall prevention to measure the balance ability.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.40-47
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• 2014

Objectives : Postural instability and gait difficulty(PIGD) can develop in all Parkinson's disease patients, especially late in the disease course, but does not respond well to conventional dopamine treatment. This study aimed to report three cases of PIGD in Parkinson's disease patients treated with Korean and Western medicine treatment. Methods : We used acupuncture, bee venom acupuncture, herbal medicine and moxibustion to treat patients during hospitalization. They continued Western medication and received rehabilitation treatment. We observed the changes of PIGD using the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale(UPDRS). Results : After treatment, PIGD symptoms improved and UPDRS scores were decreased. Especially, scores of falling, walking, gait and postural stability subsections related with PIGD were decreased. In addition, general conditions of patients were improved. Conclusions : This study suggests that Korean medicine treatment could be effective in the treatment of PIGD in Parkinson's disease patients.

• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
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• 제58권6호
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• pp.449-459
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• 2019

이 연구의 목적은 외발서기 동작 시 취득한 운동역학데이터로부터 주파수분석의 기법을 통하여 인체 운동명령신호가 어떻게 자세조절 과정에 영향을 미치는지를 규명하는 자세역학의 토대연구이다. 이를 위하여 체조경력 10년 이상의 운동신경이 우수한 국가대표상비군(n=6)과 일반인(n=6)을 대상으로 발바닥 압력중심점(CoP)의 궤적데이터를 FFT신호처리기법에 의한 저주파대역Rambling (RM)과 고주파대역 Trembling (TR)의 주파수분석을 탐색하였다. 본 연구결과에 따르면 눈뜨고 외발서기와 눈감고 외발서기 동작을 중심으로 두 집단 간 자세조절능력의 안정화지수 평가에서 독립표본 t검증에서 유의한 차이가 나타났으며(p<.05), 이러한 차이는 저주파대역 RM의 주요주파수 f1과 고주파대역 TR의 주요 주파수 f2의 최대진폭의 출력 차이로 밝혀졌다(p<.05). 특히 자세송환피드백에 관여하는 고유주파수인 저주파수대역에서는 주요주파수가 8-9 Hz 대역에서 뇌지시 하 안정적 자세조절의 운동기전을 행하는 운동명령으로 확인하였으며, 120-135 Hz의 고주파수대역에서는 자세 흔들림을 최소화하기 위한 반사적 근반응의 적응성을 보이는 것으로 연구되었다. 자세조절의 중추신경계 운동조절에 관여하는 고유주파수와 최대진폭에서 유의한 차이가 발견됨으로서 외발서기 시 발바닥 압력조절에 의한 신호파형의 운동명령이 자세조절에 영향을 미치는 것으로 해석되었다.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.308-314
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• 2014

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of gluteal taping on pelvic alignment, trunk stability, and balance during sitting posture in children with unilateral cerebral palsy (CP). Methods: Thirteen children with unilateral cerebral palsy (six females. seven males; mean age 8.5) participated in this study. All participants were evaluated before and after gluteal taping using an Inclinometer for pelvic lateral inclination, trunk impairment scale (TIS) for trunk stability, and modified functional reaching test for balance during sitting. The collected data were analyzed using a paired t-test. Results: The results of this study were as follows: 1) Statistically significant decreases in the angle of pelvic lateral inclination were observed after gluteal taping in children with unilateral CP (p<.05). 2) Statistically significant increases in TIS score were observed after gluteal taping (p<.05). 3) Statistically significant increases in the range of reaching during sitting were observed after gluteal taping (p<.05). Conclusion: : In conclusion, this study showed that gluteal taping improves pelvic alignment, trunk stability, and balance during sitting in children with unilateral cerebral palsy. Further studies will be required to determine the short- and long-term effects of gluteal taping on improving postural symmetry, trunk stability, and balance.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.247-253
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• 2020

Objective: This study aimed to examine the effects of real-time visual feedback gait training on gait stability in older adults. Method: Twelve older adults participated in this study, being divided into 2 groups including a) visual feedback (VF) and b) non-visual feedback (NVF) groups. For 4 weeks, VF performed a treadmill walking training with real-time visual feedback about their postural information while NVF performed a normal treadmill walking training. For evaluations of gait stability, kinematic data of 15-minute treadmill walking were collected from depth-based motion capture system (30 Hz, exbody, Korea). Given that step lengths in both right and left sides were determined based on kinematic data, three variables including step difference, coefficient of variation, approximate entropy were calculated to evaluate gait symmetry, variability and complexity, respectively. Results: For research findings, VF exhibited significant improvements in gait stability after 4-week training in comparison to NVF, particularly in gait symmetry and complexity measures. However, greater improvement in gait variability was observed in NVF than VF. Conclusion: Given that visual feedback walking gives potential effectiveness on gait stability in older adults, gait training with visual feedback may be a robust therapeutic intervention in people with gait disturbances like instability or falls.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.47-52
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• 2021

Background: Compared with normal people, stroke patients have decreased voluntary craniocervical motion, which affects their balance. Objects: This study was conducted in order to examine the effects of active craniocervical movement training using a cognitive game on stroke patient's cervical movement control ability, balance, and functional mobility. Methods: The subject of this study were 29chronic stroke patients who were randomly allocated to either an experimental, cognitive game group (n = 15), or control group (n = 14), to which only neuro-developmental treatment (NDT) was applied. The intervention was conducted 5 times per week, 30 minutes per each time, for a total of 4 weeks. Active angle reproduction test, static stability test, limits of stability test, and Time up and Go (TUG) test, respectively, were carried out in order to evaluate cervical movement control ability, static balance, dynamic balance, and functional mobility. Paired t-test was used in order to compare differences between prior to after the intervention, along with an independent-test in order to compare prior to and after-intervention differences between the two groups. Results: After the craniocervical training with a body-driven cognitive game, the experimental group showed significant differences in flexion, extension, and lateral flexion on the affected side, and rotation on the affected side in the active angle reproduction test. The experimental group indicated significant differences in sway length both with eyes-open and with eyesclosed in the static stability test and in limits of stability test and TUG test. The control group to which NDT was applied had significant differences in flexion in the active angle reproduction test and in limits of stability test and TUG test. Conclusion: The above results mean that craniocervical training using a body-driven cognitive game positively influences stroke patient's cervical movement control ability and as a result their balance and functional mobility.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.64-71
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• 2009

Purpose: to purpose prevent to dysfunction and decrease to pain level use to active therapeutic movement and sling manual, stability exercise in shortening hamstring chronic back patient. Methods: The patient's complain was Buttock and Lower Back Pain due to dysfunction posture work. The subject's initial Pain Scale was 60 of 100(VAS). The Subject Treatment to Sling Mobility exercise, Home exercise, ATM, Sling Stability exercise, sensory motor training During 8weeks for 18 times. Results: The result was Visual Analog Scale(VAS)was decreased 10 of 100 after treatment. Conclusion: Visual Analog Scale(VAS)was decreased 10 of 100 after treatment. Functional Leg Length Was recover to same level. Trunk Flexibility was increase to 18cm. Active Knee Extension ankle was decrease to $15^{\circ}$ limit range of motion due to Lt. Hamstring Shortening limit range of motion $30^{\circ}$. GPS(Gobal Postural System)test was recover to same level. This case study need to sufficient data and times.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.105-111
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• 2018

Objectives The purpose of this study was to examine the effects muscle fatigue at the knee muscles on balance during standing in healthy adults. Methods Thirty healthy adults were recruited along with their written informed consent. Subjects were randomly assigned to knee extensor group (fatigue on knee extensor, KE), and knee flexor group (fatigue on knee flexor, KF). And subjects performed exercise with each muscle group until muscle fatigue was induced. They were assessed balance ability by functional reaching test (FRT), limit of stability (LOS), and postural sway (one leg standing, normal eye open (NO), normal eye close (NC), pillow with eye open (FO), and pillow with eye close (FC)) before and after fatigue. Results There were significant group differences balance performances in FRT, anterior of limit of stability, one leg standing, and the muscle fatigue of knee muscles were decreased balance performances. The balance performance was affected by visual sense and proprioception. Conclusions These results show that the muscle fatigue of knee muscles decreased balance performance. Therefore, balance exercise program should be trained without muscle fatigue.