• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.416-422
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• 2004

급성신부전증은 심장수술 후 가장 흔하게 경험하는 합병증 중 하나이다. 급성신부전증의 원인은 매우 다양하며 독립적으로 증상을 일으키는 경우보다는, 여타 합병증을 동반하는 경우가 많고, 환자의 전신상태를 악화시키며 적극적인 약물 및 수액요법을 방해하는 등으로 동반된 다른 합병증의 치료를 까다롭게 하여 환자의 회복에 중요한 장애요인으로 작용한다. 저자들은 일반적인 체외순환하 시행하였던 관상동맥수술 후 발생하는 급성신부전증의 임상적 의의를 확인하고 이를 예측할 수 있는 요인들을 밝혀 수술 후 발생하는 급성신부전증의 효과적인 예방법을 밝히기 위하여 본 연구를 시행 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2000년 1월부터 2002년 12월까지 단일 술자에 의해 체외순환하 관상동맥우회 술을 시행받았던 97명의 환자들의 의무기록을 후향적으로 조사하였다. 모든 증례들에서 수술 전 요인으로 연령, 성별, 혈중크레아티닌이 2.0 mg/㎗ 이상 증가하였던 기왕력, 수술 전 마지막으로 검사한 혈중 크레아티닌 농도, 당뇨와 고혈압, 좌심실구출률, 수술 중 요인으로 응급수술 여부, 체외순환시간, 대동맥교차감자시간, 우회도관 말단부 문합수를 조사하였고, 수술 후에는 대동맥내 풍선펌프(intra aortic balloon pump)의 사용 여부를 조사하였다. 이들 인자들과 수술 후 혈중 크레아티닌의 농도가 2.0mg/㎗ 이상 증가하였던 증례와의 상관관계를 통계적 검증을 통하여 확인하였다. 결과: 총 97예의 환자 중 수술 후 혈액 크레아티닌 소견이 2.0 mg/㎗ 이상으로 증가하였던 경우는 19예였으며, 폐부종, 요량의 현저한 감소 등으로 복막투석을 시행하여야 하였던 경우는 3예였다. 이들 19명 중 8명에서 동반하는 합병증이 있어 합병증 발생률은 42.16%로, 크레아티닌의 증가 소견이 없었던 환자군의 78명중 5명(6.4%)에 비하여 유의한 차이를 보였다. 또한 사망률도 각각 10.5%와 1.3%로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 수술 후 크레아티닌의 증가와 관련된 인자는 당뇨, 수술 전 크레아티닌이 2.0 mg/㎗ 이상 증가하였던 기왕력, 좌심실구출률이었다. 결론: 관상동맥우회술을 시행한 후 발생하는 급성신부전증은 수술 전 당뇨와 급성신부전증의 기왕력 및 좌심실구출률과 상관관계가 있으며, 수술 후 발생하는 기타의 합병증의 유병률을 높이고 사망률을 증가시키는 것이 확인되었다. 그러므로 이상과 같은 위험요인이 있는 환자에서는 체외순환을 시행하지 않는 수술 법 등, 급성신부전증의 발생을 예방하기 위하여 적극적인 노력을 기울이는 것이 좋을 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제29권9호
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• pp.996-1002
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• 1996

전북대학교병원 흉부외과학 교실에서는 1979년 8월부터 1995년 8월까지 73례의 전폐절제술을 시행하였으며, 그 중 폐암이 53례, 폐결핵이 10례, 기관지 확장증이 4례, 기타가 6례 이었다. 73례에서 수술사 망율 및 합볏증을 조사하고 술후 6개월에 53명의 환자에서 폐기능 검사를 시행하여 이에 영향을미치는 인자(나이:성별, 병리소견(양성 또는 악성), 동반질환, 술전 폐기능 검사, 수술시간 등)를 통계학적으로 비교 분석하였다. 수술 사망율에 대해서는 술전 최대자발호기량(MW)의 예측치에 대한 백분율(P=0.013)과 수술시간 (P=0.009)이, 술후 합병증에 대해서는 염증성 질환(P=0.015)이, 그리고 술후 6개월후에 시행한 폐기능 검사치에 대해서는 술전 노력성 폐활량의 예측치에 대한 백분율(FVC(%. prod), p=0.0018),술전 1초간 강제 호기량의 예측치에 대한 백분율(FEVI 3%, prod), p=0.0024),술전 최대 자발성 호기량의 예측치에 대한 백분율(MW 3%. prod), p=0.0043) 등이 통계학적으로 의의 있게 나타났다. 결론적으로수술후의 사망율과 합병증을 줄이고 환자의 원활한 활동능력을 얻기 위해 술전의 환자의 전신상태,심혈관계 및 술전의 폐기능과술후의 保맨\ulcorner폐기능에 대한충분한 평가가 있어야 하며, 염증성 질환이 있는 환자는 염증및 분비물의 성상및 정도를 정확하게 평가하여야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제29권8호
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• pp.1126-1135
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• 2000

Objectives : The goal of surgical management of cerebral arteriovenous malformation(AVM) is elimination of the lesion without development of new neurological deficits. To improve the management results of cerebral AVMs in the future, this article discusses about surgical complications of the AVM and their management. Material and Methods : During the past 18 years, 116 patients with cerebral AVMs were managed by surgery. Among these cases, 7 cases died, 7 cases developed new neurological deficits, 11 cases residual AVM and 5 cases intracerebral hematoma(ICH) after surgery. The author analyzes the causes of those complications and investigates the methods to minimized those complications based on the review of the literatures. Results : One stage removal of AVM and ICH in the poor neurological state were performed in 5 of 7 death cases. Subtotal removal of ICH followed by delayed AVM surgery after recovery is regard as one method to improve the outcome of patient with large ICH. Postoperative new neurological deficits developed owing to normal perfusion pressure breakthrough(NPPB) in 3, judgement error in 2, preoperative embolization in 1 and cortical injury in 1 case(s). Proper management of NPPB, accurate anatomical knowledge and physiological monitoring during operation, and well trained skill for embolization are regard as methods to minimize those complications. Residual AVMs after surgery were noticed in 11 cases, in which unintended 6 cases due to inaccurate dissection of peripheral margin of AVM, and intended 3 cases due to massive brain swelling during operation, 1 cases due to diffuse type and 1 case due to multiple type of AVM. Accurate dissection of peripheral margin of AVM and mild hypotension during operation may help to avoid this complication. Postoperative hemorrhage occurred in 3 cases due to rupture of the residual AVM and in 2 cases due to oozing from the AVM bed. Complete resection of AVM, complete control of bleeding points at AVM bed and mild hypotension during early postoperative period are the methods to avoid this complication. Conclusion : A precise but flexible therapeutic strategy and refined skill for endovascular, radiosurgical and microsurgical techniques are required to successful treatment of cerebral AVM. Adequate timing of AVM resection, accurate anatomical knowledge, proper management of NPPB and accurate dissection of peripheral margin of AVM are the key points for avoiding complications of the AVM surgery.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.53-57
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• 2014

Purpose: Neonatal neuroblastoma (NBL) is the most common malignant tumor in neonates, but there have been few studies about it. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical features of NBL and to compare prenatal and postnatal diagnosed groups. Methods: Nineteen patients who were diagnosed with NBL prenatally or within 28 days after birth from February 1986 to February 2013 in Seoul National University Hospital were enrolled in the study. The patients were categorized according to the International Neuroblastoma Staging System (INSS) and Children's Oncology Group (COG). Retrospective medical-record reviews were performed on these patients. The operative date, complication, pathological stage, and overall survival of the prenatally diagnosed group and the postpartum diagnosed group were compared. Results: Tumor was detected via prenatal ultrasonography in 8 patients (42.1%), and 11 patients (57.9%) were diagnosed within 28 days after birth. Based on INSS, the patients were divided into the stage I (n=8), stage II (n=1), stage III (n=3), stage IV (n=4), and stage IVs (n=3) groups, respectively. Based on COG, on the other hand, the patients were divided into the low-risk (n=8), intermediate-risk (n=8), and high-risk (n=3) groups. The postoperative complication rate was 29%. One patient died from complications from chemotherapy. The other 18 patients' mean follow-up period was 77.7 months. The differences between the postoperative complication rate, proportion of early-stage tumor, and overall survival of the prenatal and postnatal groups were not statistically significant (p=0.446, p=0.607, p=0.414). Conclusion: NBL showed favorable outcomes but relatively higher postoperative complications. There seem to be no significant statistical differences in the postoperative complications, proportion of early-stage tumor, and overall survival between the prenatally diagnosed group and the postpartum diagnosed group.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.127-134
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• 2012

Objective: To analyze the prognostic factors thought to be related with survival time after a spinal metastasis operation. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 217 patients who underwent spinal metastasis operations in our hospital from 2001 to 2009. Hematological malignancies, such as multiple myeloma and lymphoma, were excluded. The factors thought to be related with postoperative survival time were gender, age (below 55, above 56), primary tumor growth rate (slow, moderate, rapid group), spinal location (cervical, thoracic, and lumbo-sacral spine), the timing of radiation therapy (preoperative, postoperative, no radiation), operation type (decompressive laminectomy with or without posterior fixation, corpectomy with anterior fusion, corpectomy with posterior fixation), preoperative systemic condition (below 5 points, above 6 points classified by Tomita scoring), pre- and postoperative ambulatory function (ambulatory, non-ambulatory), number of spinal metastases (single, multiple), time to spinal metastasis from the primary cancer diagnosis (below 21 months, above 22 months), and postoperative complication. Results: The study cohort mean age at the time of surgery was 55.5 years. The median survival time after spinal operation and spinal metastasis diagnosis were 6.0 and 9.0 months. In univariate analysis, factors such as gender, primary tumor growth rate, preoperative systemic condition, and preoperative and postoperative ambulatory status were shown to be related to postoperative survival. In multivariate analysis, statistically significant factors were preoperative systemic condition (p=0.048) and postoperative ambulatory status (p<0.001). The other factors had no statistical significance. Conclusion: The factors predictive for postoperative survival time should be considered in the surgery of spinal metastasis patients.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제55권1호
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• pp.20-29
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• 2022

Background: Patients with high-risk (HR) operable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) may have unique prognostic factors. This study aimed to evaluate surgical outcomes in HR patients and to investigate prognostic factors in HR patients versus standard-risk (SR) patients. Methods: In total, 471 consecutive patients who underwent curative lung resection for NSCLC between January 2012 and December 2017 were identified and reviewed retrospectively. Patients were classified into HR (n=77) and SR (n=394) groups according to the American College of Surgeons Oncology Group criteria (Z4099 trial). Postoperative complications were defined as those of grade 2 or higher by the Clavien-Dindo classification. Results: The HR group comprised more men and older patients, had poorer lung function, and had more comorbidities than the SR group. The patients in the HR group also experienced more postoperative complications (p≤0.001). More HR patients died without disease recurrence. The postoperative complication rate was the only significant prognostic factor in multivariable Cox regression analysis for HR patients but not SR patients. HR patients without postoperative complications had a survival rate similar to that of SR patients. Conclusion: The overall postoperative survival of HR patients with NSCLC was more strongly affected by postoperative complications than by any other prognostic factor. Care should be taken to minimize postoperative complications, especially in HR patients.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.278-283
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• 2016

Objectives: The maxillary sinus mucosa is reported to recover to preoperative sterility after sinus floor elevation. However, when drainage of maxillary sinus is impaired, recovery can be delayed and maxillary sinusitis can occur. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the correlations between anatomic variants that can interrupt the ostium of the maxillary sinus and incidence of complication after sinus lifting. Materials and Methods: The subjects are 81 patients who underwent sinus lifting in Wonkwang University Dental Hospital (Iksan, Korea). Computed tomography (CT) images of the subjects were reviewed for presence of nasal septum deviation, anatomic variants of the middle turbinate, and Haller cells. Correlations between anatomic variations and occurrence of maxillary sinusitis were statistically analyzed. Results: Patients with anatomic variants of ostio-meatal units, such as deviated nasal septum, concha bullosa or paradoxical curvature of the middle turbinate, or Haller cells, showed a higher rate of complication. However, only presence of Haller cell showed statistically significant. Conclusion: Before sinus lifting, CT images are recommended to detect anatomic variants of the ostio-meatal complex. If disadvantageous anatomic variants are detected, the use of nasal decongestants should be considered to reduce the risk of postoperative sinusitis.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.26-29
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to retrospectively evaluate the postoperative complication rates for absorbable type-I collagen sponge (Ateloplug; Bioland) use in third molar extraction. Materials and Methods: From January to August 2013, 2,697 total patients undergoing third molar extraction and type-I collagen sponge application in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at Yonsei University Dental Hospital (1,163 patients) and Dong-A University Hospital (1,534 patients) were evaluated in a retrospective study using their operation and medical records. Results: A total of 3,869 third molars in 2,697 patients were extracted and the extraction sockets packed with type-I collagen sponges to prevent post-operative complications. As a result, the overall complication rate was 4.52%, with 3.00% experiencing surgical site infection (SSI), 1.14% showing alveolar osteitis, and 0.39% experiencing hematoma. Of the total number of complications, SSI accounted for more than a half at 66.29%. Conclusion: Compared to previous studies, this study showed a relatively low incidence of complications. The use of type-I collagen sponges is recommended for the prevention of complications after third molar extraction.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제60권6호
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• pp.730-737
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• 2017

Objective : Postoperative hydrocephalus is a common complication following craniectomy in patients with traumatic brain injury, and affects patients' long-term outcomes. This study aimed to verify the risk factors associated with the development of hydrocephalus after craniectomy in patients with acute traumatic subdural hemorrhage (tSDH). Methods : Patients with acute traumatic SDH who had received a craniectomy between December 2005 and January 2016 were retrospectively assessed by reviewing the coexistence of other types of hemorrahges, measurable variables on computed tomography (CT) scans, and the development of hydrocephalus during the follow-up period. Results : Data from a total of 63 patients who underwent unilateral craniectomy were analyzed. Postoperative hydrocephalus was identified in 34 patients (54%) via brain CT scans. Preoperative intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) was associated with the development of hydrocephalus. Furthermore, the thickness of SDH (p=0.006) and the extent of midline shift before craniectomy (p=0.001) were significantly larger in patients with postoperative hydrocephalus. Indeed, multivariate analyses showed that the thickness of SDH (p=0.019), the extent of midline shift (p<0.001) and the coexistence of IVH (p=0.012) were significant risk factors for the development of postoperative hydrocephalus. However, the distance from the midline to the craniectomy margin was not an associated risk factor for postoperative hydrocephalus. Conclusion : In patients with acute traumatic SDH with coexisting IVH, a large amount of SDH, and a larger midline shift, close follow-up is necessary for the early prediction of postoperative hydrocephalus. Furthermore, craniectomy margin need not be limited in acute traumatic SDH patients for the reason of postoperative hydrocephalus.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.154-159
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the proximal metatarsal chevron osteotomy outcomes for moderate to severe hallux valgus more than seven year follow up. Materials and Methods: Between 1996 and 1998, hallux valgus 61 cases were evaluated. The follow up period was more than seven years. The clinical review analyzed by the hallux metatarsophalangeal-interphalangeal scale of the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society, radiologic review by the hallux valgus angle, first and second intermetatarsal angle. Complication also evaluated. Results: Clinically, preoperative AOFAS score was average 43 points (range; $16{\sim}60$ points) which significantly improved to 88 points (range; $61{\sim}100$ points) at last follow up periods. Radiologically, the mean preoperative, postoperative, last follow up hallux valgus angle was $34^{\circ}$, $5.2^{\circ}$, $10.9^{\circ}$. The mean preoperative, postoperative, last follow up intermetatarsal angle was $15.3^{\circ}$, $3.3^{\circ}$, $5.3^{\circ}$. Postoperative angle change were no statistical significance (p>0.05). Complication were hallux varus 6 cases, metatarsophalangeal joint arthritis 2 cases, recurrence 1 case. Conclusion: Proximal metatarsal chevron osteotomy shows satisfactory outcome for moderate to severe hallux valgus more than seven year follow up.