• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.134-143
• /
• 2009

Purpose: This study was conducted to determine the predictors of health conservation for elders in Korea. Method: Random sampling method was used and data from 113 elders were used for final analysis. Data collection was conducted through the use of questionnaires which were constructed to include Health Conservation Scale, Purpose in Life Test and Self-efficacy Scale. Results: Health conservation of the elders was in the middle range. The elders of this study had few goals towards meaning in life, and were in an existential vacuum state. There was a positive correlation between health conservation, meaning in life and self-efficacy. The significant factors influencing health conservation of elders were meaning in life, education level and gender. These 3 factors explained 30.6% of health conservation of elders. Conclusions: The results indicate that health conservation is an important link with meaning in life in elders. There should be a comprehensive study in the future for in-depth understanding of health conservation of elders.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.177-187
• /
• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate the meaning of the life of middle-aged women. Method: The research method employed Q-methodology. Thirty-one participants rated 30 selected Q-statements on a scale of 1~7. The collected data were analyzed using PC-QUNAL software. Result: Principal component analysis identified 4 types of the meaning of the life of middle-aged women. The categories were labeled 'May I help you?', 'Alone', 'Who am I ?', 'No regret'. Conclusion: We have found meaning of life of middle-aged women through this research. The study result could be data to perform effective nursing intervention for positive life of middle-aged women.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.14-24
• /
• 1999

The objective of this study is to test the influence of the landscape meaning illustrated to subjects on their landscape preference and to investigate the difference of the response(Influence Value;IV) between cultural landscape and natural landscape. For this, color-slide surrogates for cultural and natural landscape are shown to Experimental Group(EG) and Control Group(CG)(between-subject design). And Experimental Group is divided into meaning illustrated Before and After Group(within-subject design). For given 45 slide scenes of cultural and natural landscape, the subjects were asked to measure their preference on ten point scale. The results are as follows; 1. The influence of value illustration is positive in the preference. Specifically, this effect was more powerful for the low beauty landscape than for the high beauty landscape. 2. The relation between the IV and the preference of non illustrated group was deeply correlated. And IV of cultural landscape was higher than that of natural landscape. 3. It is identified that the meaning illustration about high naturalness landscape such as the swamp and alpine landscape is more effective than other natural landscape. 4. Also, the preference was more influenced by the personal task associated with landscape experience. But the statistical significance between the preference and experience about landscape didn't exist. Accordingly, it was suggested by this study that the illustrated meanings of landscape and perceived landscape form were also major influential factors on the landscape preference.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.271-286
• /
• 2000

This study is designed to investigate what elders think about the meaning of aging. We have used Q-methods to identify meaning of aging from elders, and developed self-referenced surveys to analyze characteristics In this study, we used a non-structured method to select Q sampling. From 183 Q populations, we selected 36 Q sampling. A total of 32 persons sixty-years or older were randomly selected for P samples, When the Q-sorting was complete, we interviewed the participants at both end of the extremes(agree or disagree), and documented their responses. We used PC QUANL to process the data and used principal component analysis for Q factor analysis. There were five subjective types for the meaning of aging by elders. Of the 32 P-samples of elders, 11 were identified as Type 1, 7 as Type 2, 2 as Type 3, 8 as Type 4, and 4 as Type 5. Type 1 : 'Matured elders' Elders wished the well being of their children, thought older persons should maintain good health, worried about becoming senile, and dependent God believing in life after death. Type 2 : 'Assertive-Rights' Elders categorized as Assertive-Rights insisted on their rights to life as a person. Type 2 elders characterized themselves as people who should keep themselves healthy, become weak and lack sexual desires, act selfish like a child, need to be protected, and be financially independent. Type 3 : 'Passive-Dependents' Elders characterize themselves as those who pray for their children's well being, worry about the children even after their death. and becoming senile. Type 4 : 'Hopeless' The 'Hopeless' type of elders characterized aging as a time to pray for their children, insignificant beings, thoughts were selfish and child-like, poor, worried about going senile, regret their life overall, and preferred to die than to live as an old person. Type 5 : 'Attached-Present' The 'Attached-Present' type of elders thought elderly characterized themselves as acting selfish and child-like, wiser, anxious, regret their life, stand aloof of greed and worldly things, being a model for the society, and deserving to be treated with filial respect. Thus far, Korean elders seemed to have a positive and negative meaning of aging due to the current changes in the society, value system, and family structures. The above five subjective meanings of aging confirm that we need to approach and nurse the elderly differently. Years of aging are a part of and a natural process of life with various physical, psychological, and sociological changes. Nurses need to assist elderly to find the positive meaning of their life by providing appropriate physical, psychological, and social support at an earlier stage in nursing. Based on this study, we could derive the following two implication from the perspectives of science of nursing to care for elders. 1) Based on the studies investigating the type of meaning of aging, we could develop tools to assist in nursing intervention programs for elderly. 2) Based on research on the meaning of aging for different developmental stages of life, we could develop a model for roles for different family members in nursing and caring for the elders.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.375-392
• /
• 2013

The This study attempted to analyze what perception and attitude teachers have on corporal punishment. For these purpose, 458 writings about corporal punishment that 140 teachers loaded on web-site were collected and were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. : First, each writing was open-coded according to specific theme or meaning relating to corporal punishment using Nvivo program. Second, coded materials were classified as a high category when having similar theme or meaning. As a result of this process, 2 highest categories, 6 high categories and 24 subcategories were yielded. Teachers with positive view on corporal punishment tend to think that corporal punishment has some educational values or usefulness and their views were classified as very positive view, limited-permissive view, and inevitable view. They thought that corporal punishment were closely related to teachers' authority. Teachers have negative views on corporal punishment on the basis that corporal punishment causes side effects, is contrary to essentials of education, violates human rights etc. Negative views that teachers have on corporal punishment were classified as absolutely negative view and negative view focused on side effects. They thought that corporal punishment were not related to teachers' authority. Comments have been made on positive view on corporal punishment from the perspective of reflective analysis and implications of the results on theory and practice were discussed with comments on research limitations.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.77-88
• /
• 2016

Low-rise Residential neighborhoods of Hongdae area, Garosu-gil, Samchung-dong, Itawon etc. are currently emerging new spaces for cultural consumption in the city. Nonetheless undiscerning excessive commercialization often results in monotonous urban space and deportation of residents and leaders of change; Due to commercialization and popularization recently this phenomenon is influencing surrounding low-rise residential neighborhoods. The main objective of this study is to examine how surrounding low-rise residential neighborhood transforms according to the expansion of culture-commerce spaces. Hongdae area's culture-commerce spaces and its expansion into Yeonnam-dong is investigated in specific. Especially attributes and main causes of transformation in physical and experiential space of neighborhood living facilities and residential buildings, when changed into culture-commerce related use is examined in detail. The expansion of culture-commerce space of Hongdae to Yeonnam-dong area has positive meaning in aspects of everyday experience. First, physical alteration of street-building relation increases direct and indirect contact of people. Contact opportunity carries important meaning in sense that it is prerequisite for next stage contact of network and exchange. Second, culture-commerce related programs provide the third place, where various leisure activities can take place. Attributes of transformation and positive meaning of culture-commerce spaces expanding its territory presents the need of management.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.74-80
• /
• 1985

This study was attempted to identify the difference between body image of the patients with lower limb fracture and that of normal persons, and to examine if supportive group care could offer an apportunity for positive change in body image of the patient with lower limb fracture under the Quasi-experimental design. The subjects for this study were obtained by ta-king convenient sample of soldiers; the experimental group were 44 lower limb fractured patients hospitalized on the orthopedic Surgery unit in S Army General Hospital, while the control group were 44 normal enlisted men serving in the B Army regiment. Supportive group nursing care was given to the lower limb fractured patients who belong to the experimental group. Pre-and post-tests were administered to the experimental and the control group. The instruments to measure body image of the subjects were body Cathexis Scale developed by Scord and Jourard (1953) and Body Meaning Scale dove-loped by the reseacher. The reliability coefficients by Cronhach's u-test were .95 in body Cathexis Scale and .89 in Body Meaning Scale in this study. Data for this study were collected over a period 12 days from the 12th to the 24th of October, 1984 by the questionnaire. Data were analyzed by computer. Frequency, Percentage and x²-test were used to examine general chacteristics of the subjects. t-test was used to analyze the hypotheses. Analysis of variance was used to test difference in body image between groups classified by the general characteristics. Pearson Correlation Coefficient was used to identify the correlation between Body Cathexis Scale and Body Cathexis Scale and Body Meaning Scale. The results of this study were as follows: 1. No significant difference was found between the experimental and the control group on general characteristics of the subjects (p> .05). 2. Hypothesis I:“There will be a difference in body image between patiens with lower limb fracture and normal persons,”was supported(Body Cathexis t=6.91, p<.001, Body Meaning t=5.66, p< .001). 3. Hypothesis Ⅱ;“The will be a difference in body image of patients with lower limb fracture bet-ween after and before, supportive group nursing care was provided,”was supported (Body Cathexis t=5.90, p<.001, Body Meaning t=4.45, p <.001). 4. There was no significant difference in body image between groups classified by the general characteristics (p> .05). 5. The correlation between Body Cathexis Scale and Body Meaning Scale: It was reported that Body Cathexis Scale correlated with Body Meaning Scale in total subjects of the experimental and control group (r=.744, p<.001). That is, there was relatively high correlation between two scales. body Cathexis Scale correlated with Body Meaning Scale in the experimental group(r=.738, p <.001) and in the control group (r=.352, p <.001). That is, there was more than moderate correlation between two scales. In conclusion, it was found that there was a difference in body image between patients with lower limb fracture and normal persons, and supportive group nursing care offered an opportunity for positive change in body image of the patient with lower limb fracture.

• 한국노년학
• /
• v.32 no.2
• /
• pp.631-647
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of climacteric women's attitude to developmental phenomena and their menopausal symptoms on their meaning of life in an attempt to provide some information on the improvement of climacteric women's quality of life. The subjects in this study were 313 women who resided in different regions involving a large city D and another city C. They were aged between 40 and 60 and were going through their menopause. They were aged between 40 and 60 and were going through their menopause. The subjects were selected by convenient sampling, which was one of nonprobability sampling methods. The collected data were analyzed by the statistical package SPSS. The major findings of the study were as follows: First, the climacteric women didn't take a positive attitude toward developmental phenomena. They occasionally suffered severe menopausal symptoms, and they didn't find a great meaning in their life. Second, the climacteric women found a more meaning in their life when they took a more positive attitude to developmental phenomena, and those who underwent severer menopausal symptoms found a less meaning in their life. Third, the climacteric women's meaning of life was under the influence of their attitude toward developmental phenomena and menopausal symptoms. Specifically, their attitude to menopause and mental symptoms had a large impact on that. Given the findings of the study, social welfare intervention should be provided for climacteric women to promote their physical health related to menopausal symptoms and psychological health related to attitude toward developmental phenomena to find a more meaning in their life. Besides, local welfare centers should be open to climacteric women as one of governmental policies so that they could lead a healthy life. Education should be provided for them to be ready for their own menopause, and social welfare counseling service should be offered from diverse angles

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
• /
• 1999.04a
• /
• pp.61-64
• /
• 1999

Environmental design should be based on the positive theory, a researcher structured symbolic aesthetics on the basis of positive perception theory. Symbolic aesthetics by ecological theory of perception, human preference is related to existence and the formation of place-identity and cognitive map is dealt importantly in this study. Symbolic aesthetics is a study on environmental meaning and a researcher understood the operation of environmental meaning by regarding symbology as a methodological frame and defined architecture as a visual language system after discussing the importance of signified.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Language and Information Conference
• /
• 2007.11a
• /
• pp.210-222
• /
• 2007

Regarding Korean psych-adjectives and their -e ha- counterparts, e.i., [psych-adjective + -e ha-] constructions, what is at issue is how to capture the semantic difference and similarity between the two. Concerning this issue, one of the most controversial and difficult problems is whether the psych-construction has Action (Agency) as part of its meaning. The purpose of this paper is to solve this problem by answering the question why psych-constructions are much more natural when they are used as negative imperative than when they are used as positive imperative. First, in order to figure out why positive imperative is not allowed, we show that.e ha- adds the meaning of non-volitional action to psych-adjectives, using Jackendoff's Conceptual Semantics. Secondly, in accounting for why negative imperative is so natural, we show, with Talmy's Force Dynamics theory, what the speaker requires from the hearer is internal volitional action.