• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.143-156
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• 1999

This study examined the role of maternal attribution in Parenting behaviors. Using an attributional model, it assessed whether maternal attributions about children's knowledge, capacity, expectation, and responsibility for behavior problems have effects on maternal behaviors of affect and authoritarian control. The sample consisted of 297 mothers who have first-and forth-grade children. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that matemal attribution about children’s knowledge for misconduct had positive influence on maternal affect and negative influence on authoritarian control behaviors, and that maternal attribution of expectation negatively influenced the behaviors of authoritarian control. In addition, such background factors as child age, gender, family income, family type, maternal education, and self-esteem were significant predictors for maternal attributions. In regard of mothering behaviors, child age, maternal age, and self-esteem were related to maternal affect, while family type and maternal self-esteem were related to authoritarian control. The findings suggest the importance of matemal attributions in parenting for better child development.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.207-227
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate conceptual representations of the self in Korean culture by analyzing normative conception of the self present in Sohak. The method of this study was the historical method and the material for analysis is 'Reverencing for the Self of Sohak, which was the textbook for childhood education and contained normative tasks that the society of the Chosen Dynasty period held for what people should do in their lives. According to the analysis, the Chosen Dynasty had interdependent conception of the self, which had strong emphasis on connected relationships, especially between self and parents, and regarded respect, rightness, and politeness as important attributes of the self, and expected reciprocal exchange of mutual support in social roles. Also, there were many instrumental and terminal goals in normative expectations of the self, which were toward harmonious interdependent relationships. Finally, the attributes of the self that were thought of as positive characteristics served collective interests rather than individualistic ones. In addition, the society of the Chosen dynasty regarded socially disengaged emotion such as pride, anger, and pleasure as negative ones.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.13-21
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• 2004

This study examined the role of maternal attribution in parenting behaviors of mothers who have a child with developmental disabilities. Using an attributional model, it assessed whether maternal attributions about the child's knowledge, capacity, expectation, and responsibility for behavior problems have effects on maternal behaviors of affect, authoritarian control, and overprotect. The sample consisted of 161 mothers of elementary children with developmental disabilities. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that maternal attribution about the child's capacity for misbehavior had positive influence on maternal affect and negative influence on authoritarian control behaviors, and that maternal attribution of responsibility for misbehavior positively influenced maternal authoritarian control and overprotect behaviors. Also, maternal attribution about the child's knowledge for misbehavior had negative influence on maternal overprotect behaviors. In addition, such background factors as number of disability, maternal education, and job of mother were significant predictors for maternal attribution, while maternal self-esteem was a strong significant predictor for mothering behaviors. The findings suggest the importance of maternal attributions in parenting.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.49-62
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• 2017

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the main and interaction effects of mothers' parental internal attributions and neuroticism on self-perception of the parental role. Methods: A total of 138 mothers with toddlers in Seoul and other big cities in Korea completed questionnaires, and data were analyzed by Pearson's correlation and multiple regression analyses. Results: The results were as follows: First, mothers who attributed their successful parenting to ability showed lower satisfaction, and mothers who attributed their successful parenting to ability and effort showed higher feelings of equilibrium. Mothers with higher levels of neuroticism showed higher competence, parental investment, and satisfaction in their self-perception of the parental role. Second, there were significant interaction effects between ability attribution and neuroticism on feelings of equilibrium, between effort attribution and neuroticism on feelings of equilibrium, between ability attribution and neuroticism on competence, and between effort attribution and neuroticism on parenting investment. Conclusion: The findings of this research indicate that neuroticism showed a positive effect on self-perception of the parental role because neuroticism indicates sensitivity in parenting. Further, the effects of neuroticism on self-perception of the parental role differed by mothers internal attribution.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.537-553
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• 2015

Recently, some fashion retailers have initiated sustainable actions in the form of corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities to address consumers' social concerns. This study intends to combine the concept of CSR motivation attributions with brand extension literature in order to examine how consumers' trust of a parent brand affects their CSR motivation attributions and ultimately their attitudes towards parent-brand CSR activities and sustainable extension lines. A self-administered online survey was conducted using scenarios describing a fast fashion retailer introducing a sustainable line. Data from 303 female U.S. consumers, aged between 18 and 34 years, were used for the statistical analysis. Data analyses were conducted using SPSS 21.0 for descriptive analysis, exploratory factor analysis, and regression analysis. The results revealed that all hypotheses were supported. The findings show that consumers' trust of a parent brand has an indirect impact on positive attitudes towards the parent brand's CSR activities as well as the sustainable extension product line, mediating positive evaluations of the brand's social CSR motivations. In addition, this study suggests consumers' prior trust of the parent brand is a variable that affects consumers' evaluation of CSR motivation sincerity. Marketing suggestions and thoughts based on the findings of this study were provided.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.229-244
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• 2013

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to provide information about Maumgongbu to meet the needs of people by analysing the concept of Maumgongbu in group counseling. Methods : This study was conducted using Walker and Avant's Concept Analysis Strategy. Dictionaries, Wonbuddhism's Kyunjions and literatures, and participants' journals were reviewed after enrolling in Onsarm maumgongbu group counseling. Results : The attributes of the Maumgongbu include emotion, object, self-reflection, attribution, and creativity. The antecedents of "Maumgongbu" are the conditions arising from negative emotions. The Maumgongbu helps people find the emotional causality of their inner self by self-reflecting, getting out of false belief, restoring positive emotions, maintaining healthy and warm relationships with oneself, family, friends and society. Above all, the Maumgongbu makes people experience tranquility and true happiness and activate their positive energy or power. Conclusions : If there is a clear indication of linkage to principles, attributions, precedents and consequences, and empirical referents to any of Maumgongbu programs, there is no doubt that our understanding of the human mind and lives will be greatly enriched. Furthermore, self-discipline and steadfast complements give us calmness, peacefulness and better quality of life.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.17-36
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to examine the ways in which CALL apply to enhance the motivational aspects of second language learning. Theories relevant to social, cognitive, and affective foundations of motivation are first reviewed to demonstrate the important role of motivational influences in improving learners' affect and achievements. Then, implications arising from such theories in strengthening the motivational aspects of CALL are explicated in the second part. With the spread of computer technology in language classrooms, the innovative role of CALL in the development and maintenance of intrinsic motivation can be illustrated. Specifically, CALL may provide cognitively supportive instruction geared towards improving students' performance. Also, it has been reported from the affective perspective that CALL can captivate learners' attention, promote their feelings and expectations of success, improve perceptions of control, and increase positive attributions to effort and ability. Finally, from a social learning perspective, CALL may enhance learners' self-efficacy and foster their achievement and positive affect through social interactions, proximal goal-setting, and attributional feedback. In the framework of CALL, students seem to be benefited by the immediacy and authenticity of contact with target languages and cultures made at their choices and decisions.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.59-85
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to identify how traumatic experiences and stresses caused hopelessness and depression among low-income residents, and to delineate what social problem solving capabilities might play roles in relation to the hopelessness theory of depression. For the purpose of the study, the target group of this study was restricted to adults over 20. This study recruited 175 low-income residents(the Beneficiary of National Basic Livelihood Security Act and the Near Poor Group) in Busan, Korea and employed a self-administered survey method during February, 2004. The following are the major results of the study. First, in low-income subjects, stresses showed positive influences on hopelessness. Second, in low-income subjects, stresses and hopelessness showed positive influences on depression. Third, stress influenced depression with hopelessness as the intervening variable, but it was not statistically significant path in traumatic experiences. The hopelessness theory of depression is to test whether the individuals who have negative attributional style and experience negative life events are likely to make negative attributions for the negative events they confront. The present study, using low-income residents, found that negative life experience predict negative attributions without negative attributional style. Fourth, social problem solving capabilities buffered the relationship between stress and hopelessness. It was also significant subscales apart from Positive Problem Orientation and Negative Problem Orientation. Fifth, social problem solving capabilities buffered the relationship between hopelessness and depression. It was also significant subscales apart from Negative Problem Orientation and Impulsivity/Carelessness Style. Based on the results, practice implications by identifying what social problem solving capabilities might play roles in hopelessness theory of depression were discussed.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.163-177
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• 2012

The purposes of this study were to investigate female adolescents' attitude toward the social instrumentality of appearance and to examine the effects of the attitude toward the social instrumentality of appearance on female adolescents' body satisfaction and appearance management behaviors. The subjects for this study were 435 female middle school and high school students in Daejeon and Chungnam province. The research method was a survey and the measuring instruments were a self-administrated questionnaire with 4 parts (social instrumentality of appearance, body satisfaction, appearance management behaviors, and subjects' demographics attributions). The data were analyzed by Cronbach's ${\alpha}$, factor analysis, cluster analysis, ${\chi}^2$ test, t-test, using SPSS statistical program. The results were as follows. Three dimensions (the utility of interpersonal relationship, sexual partnership and social achievement) were emerged on social instrumentality of appearance, and female adolescents were divided into 2 groups(unreceptive group and receptive group) by social instrumentality of appearance. Social instrumentality of appearance had significant effects on female adolescents' body satisfaction and appearance management behaviors. The group who had receptive attitude toward the social instrumentality of appearance was showed the lower body satisfaction and more positive attitude to perform appearance management behaviors including clothing and accessories management, fitness, skin and hair care, and plastic surgery than unreceptive group.