• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.249-253
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• 2017

본 연구는 자동화 MPN 분석 장비인 TEMPO (TEMPO BC)와 MYP 배지법을 이용한 바실러스 정량 시험 결과에 대한 상관관계와 유의성을 연구하였다. 자연적으로 오염되어 있는 B. cereus 다빈도 검출 식품을 선별하여(N = 384) 두 시험법으로 정량 시험한 결과값의 차가 1 log CFU/g 미만이 95.3%였으며, B. cereus가 검출된 시료에서는 92.5%였다. 통계학적으로 TEMPO BC 시험법과 MYP 배지법은 유의적 차이가 없었다(p < 0.05). 국내 정량 규격이 있는 식품에 인위적으로 B. cereus를 접종하고 두 시험법을 비교하였다. $R^2$값은 소스류(0.98), 조림식품류(0.98), 젓갈류(0.96)에서 유의적인 차이가 없었으나, 생식류(0.94), 청국장류(0.86), 된장류(0.71)는 시험법 간의 유의적인 차이가 있었다. 콩, 메밀 등의 곡류 제품은 TEMPO BC 결과값의 오류가 날 수 있는 재료로 명시되어 있으므로 선식류와 청국장류, 된장류는 자동화 시험법인 TEMPO BC로 사용하기 위해서는 시험법을 추가적으로 검증 할 필요성이 있다고 생각된다. 자연적으로 오염되어 있는 식품 시료와 인위적으로 접종한 시료에 대한 선형 방정식은 $log(TEMPO\;BC)=0.8453{\times}log$ (MYP배지) + 0.1642이며 paired t-test를 이용하여 검증한 결과 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 최근 식품의 안전성에 대한 소비자의 관심이 증가하여 식품공전 및 국제 기준에 정량기준이 강화되고 있는 추세이므로 TEMPO BC의 수요증가가 예상된다. 따라서 본 연구는 이에 대비하여 식품의 안전성 평가에 사용되는 기존의 실험법과의 비교 및 타당성 연구 기초 자료로 쓰일 것이라 생각된다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.647-655
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• 2014

Obesity is strongly associated with several metabolic and chronic diseases and has become a major public health problem of worldwide concern. This study aimed to investigate the physiological characteristics and anti-obesity effects of Lactobacillus plantarum Q180. Lactobacillus plantarum Q180 was isolated from the faces of healthy adults and found to have a lipase inhibitory activity of $83.61{\pm}2.32%$ and inhibited adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells ($14.63{\pm}1.37%$) at a concentration of $100{\mu}g/mL$. The strain was investigated for its physiological characteristics. The optimum growth temperature of L. plantarum Q180 was $37^{\circ}C$. Lactobacillus plantarum Q180 showed higher sensitivity to novobiocin in a comparison of fifteen different antibiotics and showed the highest resistance to rifampicin, polymyxin B and vancomycin. The strain showed higher ${\beta}$-galactosidase and N-acetyl-${\beta}$-glucosaminidase activities. It also did not produce carcinogenic enzymes such as ${\beta}$-glucuronidase. The survival rate of L. plantarum Q180 in MRS broth containing 0.3% bile was 97.8%. Moreover, the strain showed a 97.2% survival rate after incubation for 3 h in pH 2.0. Lactobacillus plantarum Q180 was displayed resistance to Escherichia coli, Salmonella Typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus with rates of 55.6%, 38.0% and 47.6%, respectively. These results demonstrate that L. plantarum Q180 has potential as a probiotic with anti-obesity effects.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.227-233
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• 1987

This study was conducted to determine the epidemiological characteristics of Campylobacter enteritis. A total of 187 fecal specimens of Korean native goat were examined for the presence of C. jejuni and C. coli by direct plating. Fifty strains isolated were examined for biochemical and serological properties and susceptibility to 19 chemotherapeutic agents. A total of 29(15.5%) C. jejuni and 21 (11.2%) C. coli were isolated from the fecal specimen of 187 Korean native goats. Of the 50 isolates of C. jejuni and C. coli, 29 isolates of C. jejuni grouped as 7 biotypes (1,2,3,4,6,7 and 8) and biotypes 1(34.5%), 2(17.2%) and 3(20.7%) were encountered most frequently. Twenty-one C. coli strains were differentated into biotype I (61.9% of the isolates) and biotype II (38.1%). Of the 29 C. jejuni strains examined, 24(83.0%) were typable by the Lior serotyping scheme and five isolates were non typable. C. jejuni grouped as 8 serotypes, serotype 4(24.1%) and 26(20.7%) were encountered most frequently. In the case of 21 strains of C. coli grouped as 6 serotypes, the most frequent serotypes were 21(28.6%) and 25(23.8%). Total of 50 strains of isolated were all susceptible to amikacin, clindamycin and tobramycine. Overall 85% of isolates were sensitive to erythromycin, doxycycline, chloramphenicol, flume-quine, kanamycin, gentamicin, nalidixic acid, polymyxin B, colistin, tetracycline and ampicillin, but about 65% of isolates were resistant to cefamandole and ethyl hydrocuprein hydrochloride.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.793-798
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• 2008

정액 내 세균오염 종류와 검출 빈도를 조사한 결과는 Table 1에서 보는 바와 같다. 돼지 정액 내 오염세균 중 검출빈도는 Staphylo- coccus genus, Proteus genus, Bacillus genus, Pasteulla genus, Acinetobacte genus 및 Serratia genus 등의 순으로 나타났다. 동정된 세균 중 33종의 세균에 대하여 디스크법을 이용하여 8종의 항생제에 대한 감수성을 조사 한 결과는 Table 2와 3에서 보는 바와 같다. 검출된 세균의 항생제 감수성을 조사한 결과 항생제 감수성이 높은 항생제는 Amikacin, Polymyxin B, Neomycin, Streptomycin, Kanamycin, Tetracycline, Erythromycin 및 Penicillin순 이었다. Enterococcus faecium와 Streptococcus uberis는 Streptomycin을 제외한 모든 항생제에 대하여 저항성이 있는 것으로 조사되었다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.564-570
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• 2015

Peptidoglycan (PG), the gram positive bacterial pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP), is detected in a high proportion in macrophage-rich atheromatous regions, and expression of chemokine CXCL8, which triggers monocyte arrest on early atherosclerotic endothelium, is elevated in monocytes/ macrophages in human atherosclerotic lesion. The aim of this study was to investigate whether PG induced CXCL8 expression in the cell type and to determine cellular signaling pathways involved in that process. Exposure of THP-1 cell, human monocyte/macrophage cell line, to PG not only enhanced CXCL8 release but also profoundly induced il8 gene transcription. PG-induced release of CXCL8 and induction of il8 gene transcription were blocked by OxPAPC, an inhibitor of TLR-2/4 and TLR4, but not by polymyxin B, an inhibitor of LPS. PG-mediated CXCL8 release was significantly attenuated by inhibitors of PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathways. PKC inhibitors, MAPK inhibitors, and ROS quenchers also significantly attenuated expression of CXCL8. The present study proposes that PG contributes to inflammatory reaction and progression of atherosclerosis by inducing CXCL8 expression in monocytes/macrophages, and that TLR-2, PI3K-Akt-mTOR, PKC, ROS, and MAPK are actively involved in the process.

• 한국동물번식학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국동물번식학회 2002년도 춘계학술발표대회 발표논문초록집
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• pp.32-32
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• 2002

본 연구는 인공수정용 액상정액을 생산하는 돼지 AI 센터의 종모돈으로부터 채취한 정액내 세균 감염정도를 조사하고 감염율이 높은 세균에 대한 항생제 감수성을 조사하기 위하여 시도되었다. 3개 AI 센터의 원정액내 세균수 (cfu × 10²/㎖)는 각각 8.2±28.8(1 -100), 18.2± 20.0(5-48) 및 33.1±62.l(4-173)로서 평균 23.8±38.l 이었고 AI 센터간, 개체간에 변이 가 컸다. 감염 세 균의 특성은 간균 74%, Gram stain(＋)균 60%, catalase 생산 (＋)균 100% 및 oxidase activity (＋) 균 98%였으며 센터간에 다소 차이가 있었다. 정액샘플내 감연빈도가 높은 세균은 Bacillus sp(조사시료의 75.0%), Pseudomonas sp(67.9%), Proteus sp(53.8%), Staplhylococcus sp(53.6%), E. coli(l5.4%), Klebsiella sp(15.4%), Enterobacter sp(7.7%) 순이었으며 전체 감염세균 종류중 이들 세균의 비율은 각각 25.6%, 20.9%, 16.3%, 18.6%, 4.7% 및 2.3%였다. 액상정액에서 보존 2일과 6일의 세균수 (cfu×10²/㎖)는 2.4± 2.7과 44.0±44.6이었다. 항생제 감수성은 Corynebacterium sp의 경우는 8종 항생제 중 3종 (Streptomycin, polymyxin B, erythromycin)에서 저항성을 나타냈다.(농림기술개발사업 연구결과의 일부)

• KSBB Journal
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.124-132
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• 2017

A methane-oxidizing bacterium was isolated from rice paddy field soil around Jeollanam-do province, Korea, and characterized. The isolate was gram-negative, orange pigmented and short rod ($1.1-1.2{\times}1.6-1.9{\mu}m$). It was catalase and urease-negative but oxidase-positive. The strain utilized methane and methanol as sole carbon and energy sources. It had an ability to grow with an optimum pH 7.0 and an optimum growth temperature $30^{\circ}C$. The strain was resistant to antibiotic polymyxin B but sensitive to streptomycin, kanamycin, ampicillin, chloramphenicol and rifampicin. The isolate required copper for their growth with concentration range of $2-25{\mu}M$, with an optimum of $10{\mu}M$. Under optimal culture condition, specific cell growth rate and generation time were found to be $0.046hr^{-1}$ and 15.13 hr, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA sequences indicated that the strain formed a tight phylogenetic lineage with Methylomonas koyamae with a value of 99.4% gene sequence homology. So, we named the isolate as Methylomonas sp. SM4. 8.6 mM methanol was accumulated in the reaction mixture containing 70 mM sodium formate and 40 mM $MgCl_2$ (MDH inhibitor) under atmosphere of methane:air (40:60) mixture for 24 hr at $30^{\circ}C$.

• BMB Reports
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.230-236
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• 2003

Hot water-soluble crude polysaccharide (HCAP-0) that was obtained from the fruits of Capsicum annuum showed potent anti-complementary activity. The activity was unchanged by pronase digestion, but decreased by periodate oxidation. The HCAP-0 was fractionated by DEAE ion-exchange chromatography to give two major fractions, HCAP-II and III. These two fractions were finally purified by gel filtration to give HCAP-IIa, HCAP-IIIa1, and IIIa2 fractions that had high anti-complementary activities. The HCAP-IIIa1 and IIIa2 consisted of homogeneous polysaccharides. The anti-complementary activities were unaffected by treatment with polymyxin B, indicating that the modes of complement activation were not due to preexisting lipopolysaccharide. The molecular weight and sugar content of HCAP-IIIa2 had potent anti-complementary activity. The highest yields were 55 kDa and 75.9%, and the molar ratio of galactose (Ara:Gal, 1.0:4.6) was higher than other sugars. The crossed immuno-electrophoresis showed that both classical and alternative pathways were activated by HCAP-IIIa2.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.85-91
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• 1994

A study on the isolation of Yersiniae from the feces of wild animals(mammals 376, birds 19 and reptiles 13) in zoo and the biotype and serotype and susceptibility of 12 antibiotics was carried. Out of 408 animals, Yersiniae were isolated from 28 animals(6.9%). Of 28 isolates, 27 isolates(96.4%) were Y. enterocolitica and 1(3.6%) was Y. kristensenii. According to the species, 25(6.6%) of Y. enterocolitica and 1(0.3%) of Y. kristensenii were isolated from 376 mammals, 2(15.4%) of Y. enterocolitica from 13 reptiles but not isolated from 19 birds. According to the eating pattern, 8(5.2%) of Y. enterocolitica were isolated from 155 carnivora, 13(10%) of Y. enterocolitica from 123 herbivora, and 6(4.9%) of Y. enterocolitica and 1(0.8%) of Y. enterocolitica from 123 omnivora. Out of 27 isolates of Y. enterocolitica, all were biotype 1. And predominant serotype was 0:21(40.7%), and 0:5(37.0%), 0:6(11.1%), 0:1(3.7%), 0:9(3.7%) and untypable(3.7%). Yersiniae isolated from zoo animals were resistant to cephalothin(100%), ampicillin(96.4%), carbenicillin(96.4%) and tetracycline(14.3%) and streptomycin(3.6%) and susceptible to chloramphenicol(100%), colistin(100%), gentamicin(100%), kanamycin(100%), nalidixic acid(100%), polymyxin B(100%) and tobramycin(100%). The predominant multiple resistance pattern was Am-Cf-Cb(82.1%), and Am-Cf-Cb-Te(10.7%) and Am-Cf-Cb-Te-Sm(3.7%).

• 대한미생물학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.55-64
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• 1984

The clinical specimens used in this study were collected during the period from March 4, to December 30, 1983, from children's hospitals in Seoul area. They came from clinically apparent cases of diarrheal disease in hospitals. Many specimens were taken from rectal Swabs. During this period, 2166 stool cultures were streaked onto MacConkey plate and were them deposited in selenite broth. Colonies resembling pathogens on MacConkey medium were picked to KIA, Urea agar, malonate broth, ONPG broth, SIM. Reaction on those media cultures were identified biochemically with using API 20E test kit and confirmed serologically with commercially avabile Salmonella antisera(Difco) or Shigella antisera(Denka, Japan). The sensitivity of Salmonella and Shigella tested to ampicillin cephalosporin, chloramphenicol, colistin, gentamicin, tetracycline, streptomycin, nalidixic acid, neomycin, polymyxin B was performed by means of disc diffusion method recommended by Bauer-Kirby, using the discs prepared in BBL Laboratory. 1. There were 34 (1.6%) isolations of Salmonella cultures and 52(2.4%) isolations of Shigella from the 2,116 specimens. Only 53%of Salmonella were isolated by direct streaking on MacConkey plating media, by contrast, 80% of the Shigella were isolated directly. 2. Shigella flexneri types comprised 56% of the Shigellae isolate from 52 Shigellae identified 24% of Salmonella enteritidis ser typhimurium were identified. 3. Concerning to Salmonella and Shigella occurance according to month and sex, They shows relatively higher for the male than in case of female, and 2-3 age were shown the highest group. 4. October is the month with highest incidences. 5. In the sensitivity patterns of Shigellae, most of them were appeared to be resistant ampicillin, streptomycin, tetracycline, in case of Salmonella, 15% of them were resistant to chloramphenicol.