• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.13-19
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• 2003

Genomic DNA from the muscle of marsh clam (Corbicula leana) from Gochang, Muan and a Chinese site was extracted to identify genetic differences and similarity by randomly amplified polymorphic DNAs-polymerase chain reaction (RAPD- PCR). Out of 20 primers, seven primers produced amplified fragments which were consistently polymorphic. A total of 1,246 amplified products were produced of which 530 were polymorphic $(42.5\%)$. The number of polymorphic bands produced per primer varied from 40 to 122 with an average of 75.7 in marsh clam from Gochang. 3.28 of the 23.0 polymorphic bands per lane were found to be polymorphic. Also, about $4.34\%$ of total polymorphic bands were specific to marsh clam from Gochang. The major common bands of 0.28 kb generated by primer OPB-15 (GGAGGGTGTT) were present in every individuals, which were polymorphic. This common bands in every individuals should be diagnostic of specific strains, species and/or their relatedness. Primer OPB-19 (ACCCCCGAAG) produced the highest number of 12 specific bands. The intra-population variation was revealed in the band patterns identified by this primer. The random primer OPB-12 (CCTTGACGCA) yielded the amplified fragments which were consistently polymorphic between the marsh clams from Gochang and from Muan. This primer produced a total of 77 polymorphic bands: 31 bands from Gochang, 14 from Muan and 32 from the Chinese populations. An average of polymorphic bands were 1.8 from Gochang and 2.5 from the Chinese populations. This value obtained from the Chinese population was higher than those from the two domestic populations. Generally, the RAPD polymorphism generated by these primers may be useful as a genetic marker for strain or population identification of marsh clam.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.279-280
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• 2002

Genomic DNA from the muscle of marsh clam (Corbicula leana) from Gochang was extracted in order to identify genetic differences and similarity by randomly amplified polymorphic DNAs-polymerase chain reaction. 3.28 of the 23.0 polymorphic bands per lane were found to be polymorphic in marsh clam. Also, about 4.34% of total polymorphic bands were either specific to marsh clam. The major common bands of 0.28 kb generated by primer OPB-15 (GGAGGGTGTT) were present in every individuals, respectively, which were polymorphic. This common bands which present in every individuals should be diagnostic of specific strains, species and/or their relatedness. Primer OPB-19 (ACCCCCGAAG) produced the highest number of specific bands, which was 12. The specific minor band of 0.07 kb was present in lane 22, which were polymorphic. Especially, only a specific band (1.35 kb) identifying individuals was observed in lane 22.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2017

Diverse types of malicious code such as evasive Server-side Polymorphic are developed and distributed in third party open markets. The suspicious new type of polymorphic malware has the ability to actively change and morph its internal data dynamically. As a result, it is very hard to detect this type of suspicious transaction as an evidence of Server-side polymorphic mobile malware because its C&C server was shut downed or an IP address of remote controlling C&C server was changed irregularly. Therefore, we implemented Simulated C&C Server to aggregate activated events perfectly from various Server-side polymorphic mobile malware. Using proposed Simulated C&C Server, we can proof completely and classify veiled server-side polymorphic malicious code more clearly.

• Proceedings of the Korean Aquaculture Society Conference
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• 2002.08a
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• pp.171-172
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• 2002

Genomic DNA from the muscle of marsh clam (Corbicula leana)from Gochang was extrected in order to identify genetic differences and similarity by randomly amplified polymorphic DNAs-polymerase chain reaction. 3.28 of the 23.0 polymorphic bands per lane were found to be polymorphic in marsh clam. Also, about 4.34% of total polymorphic bands were either specific to marsh clam. The major common bands of 0.28 kb generated by primer OPB-15 (GGAGGGTGTT) were present in every individuals, respectively, which were polymorphic. This common bands which present in every individuals should be diagnostic of specific strains, species and-or their relatedness. Primer OPB-19 (ACCCCCGAAG) produced the highest number of specific bands, which was 12. The specific minor band of 0.07 kb was present in lane 22, which were polymorphic. Especially, only a specific band (1.35kg) identifying individuals was observed in lane 22.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.90-101
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• 2019

Biodiversity refers to the total number and variation among species of flora and fauna of an area. Due to tremendous biotic especially anthropogenic pressure these natural resources are being vanishing. In present study genetic diversity among accessions of Thamnocalamus spathiflorus was evaluated. A total of 51 vegetative characters and 42 primers (10-mer) were screened. Out of 42 screened primers, 28 polymorphic primers were selected for further analysis. A total of 263 bands were recorded as polymorphic whereas 48 bands were monomorphic. The resolving power (Rp) of 28 Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers ranged from 4.6 (OPE08) to 17.6 (OPA11). The polymorphic information content (PIC) value ranged from 0.21 (OPAH09) to 0.44 (OPG02). The result revealed high degree of genetic relatedness (56 to 80%). Cluster analysis revealed two major clusters both for morphology as well as RAPD. Unlike morphological characterization, the accession (D5) from Bahli, Rampur, Shimla (H.P.) was clustered separately from the others in RAPD cluster analysis. Accessions with closed locality grouped together through RAPD marker system however analogy was recorded for morphological traits. The study conducted reflects the utility of RAPD technique for species identification and phylogenetic studies in bamboo for conducting bamboo breeding program.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.228.2-229
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• 2003

Investigation of polymorphism has become a requirement in the pharmaceutical industry because the physical properties and bioavailabilities of crystalline drugs depend on their polymorphic form. Two polymorphic modifications and one pseudopolymorphic modification of cefotaxime sodium were prepared by recrystallization in organic solvents under variable conditions. Four polymorphic modifications of cephardine were prepared by recrystallization. Three polymorphic modifications and one pseudopolymorphic modification of ceftriaxone sodium were prepared by recrystallization. (omitted)

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.503-507
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• 1998

This study was initiated to evaluate genetic relationship among various domestic and exotic pepper accessions using random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD) markers. The results suggested that the optimum conditions for PCR with random primers in Capsicum spp. could be obtained with 3mM of $MgCl_2$, 1.5U of Taq. DNA polymerase, 10ng of template DNA, $200{\mu}M$ of dNTPs, 200nM of random primer, and $42^{\circ}C$ of annealing temperature. Sixteen random primers showing high band intensity and reproducibility were selected from 80 random primers. Primers having 70% GC content were more effective in DNA amplification than primers having 60% GC content. The total 93 DNA bands including 71 polymorphic bands and 22 monomorphic bands were obtained with selected 16 random primers for 31 pepper cultivars and lines. About 4.4 polymorphic bands per primer were produced. Similarity coefficients were calculated by using 71 polymorphic bands and dendrogram based on the similarity coefficient showed clear classification of 31 peppers into three Capsicum species of Capsicum annuum, Capsicum chinense and Capsicum chacoense.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.68-73
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• 1993

Polymorphic reticulosis is characterized by relentlessly progressive, localized, destructive inflammation process that predominently involves upper respiratory tract, nose, paranasal sinuses, nasopharynx and face. It is a rare and fetal disease in otolarynogologic field. Recently the authors carried out clinical observation on the two cases of polymorphic reticulosis diagnosed histopathologically after biopsy and treated by only radiation therapy with good result.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.56-60
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• 2001

Molecular typing of Bacillus anthracis has been extremely difficult due to the lack of polymorphic DNA markers. Aiming to develop a DNA marker specific for Bacillus anthracis and to be able to discriminate this species from Bacillus genus, we applied the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR. We have identified B. anthracis from various Bacillus species. The analysis performed by RAPD clearly demonstrated substantial genetic variations among Bacillus species. This type of analysis is an easy, quick and highly discriminatory technique that may help in diagnosis of anthrax.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.27-35
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• 2005

Eighty-five different cultivars of Brassica rapa, B. juncea, B. nap us, B. carinata, B. oleracea and hexaploid Brassica collected from Bangladesh, Japan, China and Denmark were analyzed by SDS-PAGE for seed and leaf protein variations, using esterase, acid phosphatase and peroxidase isozyme analysis. Ten polymorphic bands were identified from seed protein however no identifiable polymorphic band was found in the leaf protein. Polymorphic markers clearly distinguished the different Brassica species as well as yellow sarson (YS) and brown seeded (BS) cultivars of B. rapa. The $F_1$ cross between YS and brown seeded cultivars showed the existance of all poly-morphic bands of the respective parents. The Bangla-deshi and Japanese cultivars of B. rapa differed in the amount of seed protein. In the case of isozyme analysis, esterase showed the highest number of polymorphic bands (13) followed by acid phosphatase (9) and peroxidase (5). These polymorphic markers were very effec-tive for classification of all the species studied in this experiment. In parentage tests using isozymes, the hybridity of intra-and-interspecific crosses of almost all the seedlings could be identified from their respective cross combinations. Esterase polymorphism showed a clear differentiation between YS and BS types of B. rapa. In addition, two esterase polymorphic markers were iden ified to differentiate some cultivars of B. juncea. Segregation patterns in these two esterase bands showed a simple Mendelian monohybrid ratio of 3:1 in $F_2$, 1:1 in test cross and 1:0 in back cross progenies. No polymorphic band was identified to distinguish different cultivars of the same species by acid phosphatase or peroxidase. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was carried out with seed coat color specific marker of B. juncea. The yellow seeded cultivars produced a strong band at 0.5 kb and weak band 1.2 kb. In the addition of these two specific bands, Japanese yellow-seeded cultivars expressed two more weak bands at 1.0 kb and 1.1 kb. Where the brown seeded cultivars generated a single strong band at 1.1 kb. In segregating population, the yellow seed coat color marker segregated at a ratio 15 (brown) : 1 (yellow), indicating the digenic inheritance pattern of the trait.