• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.31-38
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• 2024

In this study, vinyl waste, which is the cause of environmental pollution, is recycled via an electrospinning method and applied as a separator that can be employed for energy storage devices. In detail, vinyl wastes are dissolved in a solution containing p-xylene and cyclohexanone, followed by electrospinning to obtain a vinyl waste-derived separator(VWS), and then the hydrophilic functional groups on the surface of VWS are introduced using a plasma treatment to improve wettability. Scanning electron microscopy analysis have verified that the shape and thickness of as-spun VWS vary depending on the concentration of vinyl waste. The surface hydrophility of VWS is modified by plasma treatment with applied powers ranging from 80 to 120W. The lowest contact angle is observed when the 100W power is applied to VWS(VWS-100W). In electrochemical analysis, the VWS-100W-based supercapacitor device shows the highest specific capacitance of 57.9 F g^-1. This is ascribed to the high porosity achieved by electrospinning as well as the introduction of hydrophilic functional groups by the oxygen plasma treatment. In conclusion, vinyl waste is successfully recycled into separators for energy storage devices, suggesting a new way to reduce environmental pollution.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.727-729
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• 2001

The air separation of PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) and PS(Polystyrene) was carried out by taking advantage of the different abrasive resistance of two plastics. PET bottles and PS packages were shredded to small square pieces $(5{\times}5mm)$. Both plastic shreds were treated by a shear-type crusher. The PET shreds were bent and twisted by the crush so that they were blown up easily, but the PS shreds were not. After the crush of mixture of both plastics, air separation experiments were carried out using four types of air separators. The number and location of the baffle attached to them are different. With the separator with a baffle attached at the upper part, PET recoveries for the crushing time of 30, 60 and 90sec were 67, 98 and 99% respectably at the air flow rate of 3.5m/s, whereas PS recoveries were null regardless of the crushing time.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.30-37
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• 1994

수소는 여러 기체중에서 분자의 크기가 가장 작고, 막에 의한 분리가 쉬워 기체 막분리 공정 중에서 제일 먼저 개발 상업화되었다. 기체분리막의 발전역사를 살펴보면 1965년 Du Pont사가 polyethylene-terephthalate(PET) 중공사 기체분리 장치를 만든 것이 최초이다. 그러나 이 장치는 시판되지 않았다. 1979년 Monsanto사가 다공성 polysulfone 중공사에 polydimthylsiloxane계 고분자를 박막형태로 도포한 복합막을 개발하여 이것을 이용한 공업적 규모의 수소분리장치(Prism separator)를 개발하였는데 이 장치가 널리 퍼지게 되었다. 이 분리막은 현재 석유화학 및 석유정제공업 플렌드 폐가스로부터 수소회수, Oxo합성 기체중의 $CO/H_2$ 몰비 조절 등의 분야에서 사용되고 있다. 고분자 분리막 공정의 세계 시장 규모가 내년에는 20억~30억불로 추산되며 그 중 기체분리막 공정만 5억불에 달할 것으로 추정하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 수소 분리 회수용 고분자 기체막을 중심으로 분자설계, 공정현황 및 최근 연구동향 등을 살펴보고자 한다.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.310-317
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• 2016

Lithium ion secondary battery (LISB) is an energy conversion system operated via charging-discharging cycle based on Lithium ion migration. LISB has a lot of advantages such as high energy density, low self-discharge rate, and a relatively high lifetime. Recently, increasing demands of electric vehicles have been encouraging the development of LISB with high capacity. Unfortunately, it causes some critical safety issues. It includes dendrite formation on negative electrode, resulting in electric shortage problems and battery explosion. Also, the elevated temperatures occurred during the LISB operation induces thermal shrinkage of polyolefin (e.g., polyethylene and polypropylene) separators. Consequently, the low thermal stability leads to decay of LISB performances and the reduction of lifetime. In this study, sulfonated poly (arylene ether sulfone) (SPAES) random copolymers were used as key materials to prepare polyolefin pore-filling separator. The resulting separators were evaluated in the term of metal ion chelation capability associated with dendrite formation, $Li^+$ ion conductivity and thermal durability.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.93-97
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• 2012

Heat treatment effect of polyethylene (PE) separators was investigated after storage at 80, 100 and $120^{\circ}C$ for 1 h. All the samples showed enhanced tensile strength and modulus after heat treatment, but thermal shrinkage up to 15% was observed in PE films having newly formed dimple structure on the surface of fiber after annealed at 100 and $120^{\circ}C$. Although there was 5% of thermal shrinkage after annealing at $80^{\circ}C$, no such serious changes in PE fiber was observed. Furthermore, the separator was found to have enhanced cell performance with 1.3 and 2.3 times higher tensile strength and modulus after heat treatment at $80^{\circ}C$ for 1 h.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.193-199
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• 1998

The mixtures of ultra-high molecular weight polythylene (UHMWPE), high density polyethylene (HDPE), process oil (mineral oil) and potassium hexatitanate whisker were melted and mixed at $150^{\circ}C$ for 30min, and prepared by compression molding to the specimen of separator of about $200{\mu}m$ thickness at the same temperature and 5000 psi. Thereafter the pores were formed by extracting process oil with organic solvents. In this study, the range of PR (the ratio polymer to process oil) was varied from 0.1 to 0.5 because the specimen turned into rubbery phase at which PR was below 0.1 whereas it changed into gel phase at which PR was above 0.5. When the specimen was treated with nonpolar organic solvents, process oil was extracted nearly 98%. Tensile strength was $31kg/cm^2$ at PR = 0.426, and resistance of specimen was $37m{\Omega}/cm^2$ at PR = 0.186, and $53m{\Omega}/cm^2$ at PR = 0.426. The $N_2$ adsorption-desorption isotherm showed a hysteresis representing regions of capillary condensation, and the surface area at PR = 0.186 was relatively large as $130cm^2/g$. Potassium hexatitanate whisker was randomly dispersed in between PE layers. It might be that the whisker is intercalated through the PE thin layers oriented by compression.

• Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.324-328
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• 2009

The internal short-circuit between cathodes and anodes has been known to be a critical concern for the safety failures of lithium-ion batteries, which is strongly influenced by the thermal stability of separators. In this study, to effectively suppress the internal short-circuit failures, we developed a new composite separator with the improved thermal stability compared to conventional polyolefin-based separators. The composite separators were prepared by introducing a ceramic coating layer ($Al_2O_3$/PVdF-HFP) onto both sides of a polyethylene (PE) separator. The microporous structure of ceramic coating layers is determined by controlling the phase inversion of coating solutions and becomes more developed with the increase of nonsolvent (water) content. This structural change of ceramic coating layers was observed to greatly affect the thermal stability as well as the electrochemical performance of composite separators, which was systematically discussed in terms of phase inversion.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.30-38
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• 2009

In this research, we studied the scale-up triboelectrostatic process for separation of PVC from higher gravity fraction of plastic wastes produced from wet gravity separation process. High density polyethylene (HDPE) was found to be the most effective materials for a tribo-charger in the separation of plastic tailings. In a commercial scale triboelelctrostatic separator unit, using the HDPE pipe-line charger, a grade of 99.1% with PET, PS and others and a recovery of 86% was obtained under optimum conditions at over 250 kV/m electric field, a splitter position of -8 cm from the center, and less than 40% relative humidity. The developed unit can process the plastic wastes at a 300 kg/h, and the product can be utilized as RPF or RDF of over grade 2.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.60-68
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• 2004

The core-shell polyolefin nonwovon fabric (PNF), wherein the PNF comprises at least about 60% of polyethylene having a melting temperature at ${\sim}132^{\circ}C$ and no more than about 40% of second polypropylene having a lower melting temperature at ${\sim}162^{\circ}C$. The sulfonic acid group for battery separators were prepared by radiation-induced grafting of styrene onto PNF and by the subsequent sulfonation of polystyrene graft chains. The sulfonated PNF was characterized by XPS, SEM, DSC, TGA and porosimeter. The electrochemical properties such as electrolyte retension, electrical resistance, and transport number of the $K^+ions$ were evaluated after sulfonation. It was found that the electrolyte retension increased, whereas the electrical resistance decreased with increasing sulfonic acid content. The transport number of $K^+$ in PNF with sulfonic acid of 0.22 ~ 3.60 mmol/g was to be 0.90 ~ 0.93.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.13-21
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• 2009

A research on material separation of EVA and PET mixture plastic waste using a triboelectrostatic separator has been carried out. It was found that PP was the best charging material to give the highest charge on the surface of EVA and PET mixture plastics with an opposite polarity. Therefore, a charger of pipe line type using PP material was manufactured for separation of EVA and PET mixture plastic waste. At optimum test conditions that used PP cyclone charger developed in this study, we could separate out PET with a glade of 98.7% and a recovery of 89.7%.