• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.385-392
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• 2007

Currently, portable equipment for recycling of waste asphalt concrete (ASCON) has been used. However, any air pollution control devices are not attached in the simple portable one. Thus, a lot of air pollutants have been produced from recycling processes of waste ASCON which resulted from aging of paved roads or repavement of roads. This study deals with a preliminary result of concentration analysis of air pollutants obtained from a pilot and a real recycling processes of waste ASCON using simple portable recycling equipment. Air pollutants were taken from 4 steps of the pilot recycling process including an initial heating by liquid petroleum gas (LPG), intermediate heating and melting (H&M) process, final H&M process, and pavement processes using recycled ASCON at the recycling site. Also, air pollutants were taken front 4 steps of the real recycling processes including an initial H&M, final H&M and mixing, loading of recycled ASCON to dump trucks, and at the recycling site after leaving the loaded dump trucks for real pavement sites. The air pollutants measured in this study include volatile organic compounds (VOCs), aldehydes, particulate matter (PM: PM1, PM2.5, PM7, PM10, TSP (total suspended particulate)). The identified concentrations of VOCs increased with increasing time or degree for H&M of waste ASCON. In particular, very high concentrations of the VOCs at the status of complete melting, which is exposed to the air, of the waste ASCON just before paving tv the recycled ASCON at the recycling site. Also, considerable amount of VOCs were identified from the recycling equipment after the dump trucks leaded by recycled ASCON leaved the recycling site for the pavement sites. The relative level of formaldehyde exceeded 80% of the aldehydes Identified in the recycling processes. This is because the waste ASCON is exposed to direct flame of LPG during H&M processes. The PM concentrations measured in the winter recycling processes, such as the loading and rotation processes of waste ASCON into/in the recycling equipment for H&M, were much higher than those in the summer ones. In particular, the concentrations of coarse particles such as PM7 and PM10 during the winter recycling were very high as compared those during the summer one.

• 한국환경생물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경생물학회 2004년도 학술대회
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• pp.30-30
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• 2004

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제36권9호
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• pp.648-658
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 진위천 수계내 5개 하천의 13개 지점에서 2013년 1월부터 12월 사이에 조사된 자료를 바탕으로 수질 및 부하량에 미치는 유역 내 오염원의 영향을 평가하였다. 수질과 부하량의 계절별 변화를 평가하기 위해서 크러스컬-월리스 기법(Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test)을 사용하였고 오염원과 유달부하량 사이의 관계를 분석하기 위해서 피어슨 상관분석 기법(Pearson correlation analysis)을 활용하였다. 부하량의 계절 변동성은 타 수질항목 대비 SS, TN, TOC가 유의수준 1% 이내로 높게 나타났다. 상관성분석에서는 수질항목별로 차이를 보였으나 거주인구와 하수처리장 방류량이 가장 높은 양의 상관계수를 보였으며 이러한 경향성은 하천유량이 적은 봄철과 겨울철에 더 높은 유의성을 나타냈다. 유역내 수질 향상을 위해서는 2012년부터 실시되고 있는 오염총량관리제도와 같은 유역관리제도의 유지 및 하수처리시설과 산업폐수처리시설로부터의 배출수의 적절한 관리가 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• 생태와환경
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.13-23
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• 2014

본 연구는 시설하우스에서 비점오염원으로 인해 배출되는 오염된 농업배수를 인공습지에서 효과적으로 처리하기 위한 기초자료를 확보하기 위해 인공습지에서 여재종류, 조합방법 및 부하량에 따른 오염물질 정화효율을 평가하였다. 인공습지의 조합방법은 수직-수평흐름조, 수평-수직흐름조, 수평-수직-수평흐름조 및 수직-수평-수평흐름조로 구분하여 설계 및 시공하였으며, 여재는 왕사, 쇄석, 방해석 및 혼합여재로 구분하여 각 조에 충진하였다. 또한 농업배수 부하량을 150, 300, $600L\;m^{-2}day^{-1}$으로 달리하여 오염물질의 처리효율을 조사하였다. 조합방법별 수처리효율은 HF-VF-HF 조합방법이 다른 조합방법에 비해 높은 처리효율을 보였으며, 최적여재는 COD 처리효율은 왕사가 가장 높았고, T-N은 쇄석, T-P는 방해석이 가장 높았다. 하지만 모든 처리효율과 경제성 부분을 고려하였을 때 최적여재는 혼합여재가 가장 효과적일 것으로 판단된다. 농업배수의 부하량에 따른 처리효율 결과 COD는 농업배수 부하량 $600L\;m^{-2}day^{-1}$까지 안정적인 처리효율을 보였으나, T-N 및 T-P는 $150L\;m^{-2}day^{-1}{\fallingdotseq}300L\;m^{-2}day^{-1}$ > $600L\;m^{-2}day^{-1}$의 순으로 농업배수의 부하량이 증가함에 따라 약간 감소하는 경향이었다. 따라서 시설하우스 농업배수 처리를 위한 인공습지 농업배수처리장의 최적조건은 HF-VH-HF 조합형 인공습지에 왕사, 쇄석 및 방해석이 혼합된 혼합여 재로 충진하고 부하량 $300L\;m^{-2}day^{-1}$ 이하의 농업배수를 주입하는 것이 최적일 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.538-544
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• 2014

A traditional fireplace has been used, but not much, for heating and cooking in rural area, Korea. Traditional fireplace as one type of biomass burnings is also emitting various air pollutants. Air pollutants emission from traditional fireplace was estimated in this study. There are two types of traditional fireplace, one for combined heating and cooking, the other one for cooking only. Types of fuels mostly used in traditional fireplace were wood, agricultural residue, solid waste. Activity levels such as fuel types, amount of fuel loading, and temporal variation were investigated by field survey over Korea. Estimated annual emissions from traditional fireplace were CO 6,335.0, NOx 555.0, SOx 9.6, VOC 1,771.7, TSP 181.4, $PM_{10}$ 119.9, $PM_{2.5}$ 96.2, $NH_3$ 1.4 ton/yr respectively. When emissions compared with the national emission inventory (CAPSS: Clean Air Policy Support System) of 2010 year, CO and $PM_{10}$ occupy 0.8% and 0.1% of total national emission, respectively.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제21권B호
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• pp.233-240
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• 2001

This research was conducted with the aim of efficiently managing large scale of rivers such like Songyang-river through predicting water quality change with analyzing the characteristics of the flowing in nutrients and pollutants. The main result will be used as basic data for effectively operating reservoirs through controling water quality and quantity. The relationship between quantity of flow and water quality was analyzed and pollution loading into the basin was estimated. Three areas of Soyang-river upstream and one area of Suip-cheon in Yanggu-gun were selected as research sites. Flow and water quality were measured simultaneously. The relation between quantity of discharge and pollution concentration and between quantity of discharge and pollution loading were analyzed by statistical method, respectively. We provided a rating curve through measuring quantity of discharge(collecting quantity of discharge) and pollutograph and pollution loading curve through water quality data. Also, we analyzed the correlation between quantity of discharge per unit area and pollution loading per unit area in each basin. As resurt of this research, Buk-cheon spot revealed an excellent first grade water quality for the items including $BOD_5$, DO, and SS. The correlation coefficient between Buk-cheon spot's quantity of discharge and pollution loading was 0.896~0.996, showing the validity of analysis applying correlation curve formula of quantity of discharge and pollution loading in the same spot. Also, pollution loading per unit area of the items including $BOD_5$, COD, DO, SS, T-N, T-P increased as the area of basins get increased following the sequence of Buk-cheon, Suip-cheon, Naelin-cheon spots.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.1026-1033
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 안성천 유역을 대상으로 토지지용별로 산지, 농경지, 도시지역을 표본지역으로 선정하여 비점오염원 원단위를 산정하였다. 그리고 강우시 유출수의 유출특성을 가장 잘 반영하는 유량가중평균농도를 산정하고, 유출오염부하량을 산정하였다. 유출계수가 높게 나타났던 1차 강우시가 2차 강우시보다 오염물질의 유량가중평균농도가 높게 나타나는 경향을 보였으며, 토지이용별 산정결과, 농지와 산지 같은 비도시지역보다 도시 지역에서 강우 유출시 높은 농도의 오염물질이 발생하는 것으로 나타났다. BOD 유출부하량은 산지, 농지, 도시 지역에서 1차 강우 시 각각 1,395kg/d, 1,623kg/d, 2,268kg/d로, 2차 강우시 각각 503kg/d, 512kg/d, 898kg/d로 산정되었다. 강우량 및 강우강도에 따라 토지이용별로 유출부하가 크게 다르게 나타났다. 토지이용별 원단위는 BOD 기준으로 도시지역이 72.7kg/ha/yr로 농경지(6.5kg/ha/yr)보다 12배 이상, 산지(9.5kg/ha/yr)보다 8배 이상 높게 나타나 도시지역이 비도시지역보다 단위면적당 비점오염부하가 매우 높은 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.107-115
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• 2007

본 연구는 농경지와 농촌마을로부터 발생하여 소하천으로 유입되는 비점오염물질을 경감시키기 위하여 농업간선배수로 끝의 논에서 배수로 물을 관개수로 이용하였을 때 수질정화효과를 살펴보고, 비점오염물질 정화를 위한 효과적인 벼 재배 양식을 탐색하기 위하여 수행하였다. 모든 벼 재배양식에서 하천으로 유입되는 비점오염물질이 정화되는 효과를 확인할 수 있었다. 잡초의 건물량을 포함한 벼 재배양식별 총건물생산능력은 기계이앙재배에서 가장 높았으나, 무경운자연재배와는 차이가 적었고, 비점오염물질인 T-N과 $P_2O_5$, $K_2O$의 흡수량은 기계이앙재배 > 무경운자연재배 > 건답직파재배 순으로 높았다. 벼 전 생육기간동안 비점오염물질의 정화량은 T-N과 T-P, K 모두 무경운자연재배 > 건답직파재배 > 기계이앙재배 순이었는데, 기계이앙에 비하여 무경운자연재배에서 T-N 323, T-P 12, K 183 kg $ha^{-1}$가 더 정화되었으며, 건답직파재배에서는 T-N 68, T-P 0.7, K 16 kg $ha^{-1}$가 더 정화된 결과를 보였다. 기계이앙재배는 건물생산량과 비점오염물질의 흡수량은 가장 많았으나 관개 소요량이 적고 시비에 의하여 비점오염물질의 정화효과는 상대적으로 낮았다. 벼 생육단계별 비점오염물질정화량은 기계이앙재배의 경우 분얼기 > 결실기 > 신장기 순으로 높았으나, 무경운자연재배와 건답직파재배에서는 결실기 > 분얼기 > 신장기 순이었다. 벼 재배양식별 쌀수량은 기계이앙재배의 4,698 kg $ha^{-1}$와 비교하여 무경운자연재배는 13%, 건답직파재배는 15% 감수되었다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.589-598
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• 2011

Milyanggang mid-watershed is located in downstream of Nakdong river basin. The pollutants from that watershed have an direct effect on Nakdong river water quality and it's control is important to manage a water quality of Nakdong river. A target year of Milyanggang mid-watershed water environment management plan is 2013. To predict a water quality at downstream of Milyang river, we have investigated and forecasted the pollutant source and it's loading. There are some plan to construction the sewage treatment plants to improve the water quality of Milyang river. Those are considered on predicting water quality. As results, it is shown that the population of Milyanggang mid-watershed is 131,857 and sewerage supply rate is 62.2% and the livestock is 1,775.300 in 2006. It is estimated that the population is 123,921, the sewerage supply rate is 75.5% in 2013. The generated loading of BOD and TP is 40,735 kg/day and 2,872 kg/day in 2006 and discharged loading is 11,818 kg/day and 722 kg/day in 2006 respectively. Discharged loadings were forecasted upward 1.0% of BOD and downward 2.7% of TP by 2013. The results of water quality prediction of Milyanggang 3 site were 1.6 mg/L of BOD and 0.120 mg/L of TP in 2013. It is over the target water quality at that site in 2015 about 6.7% and 20.0% respectively. Consequently, there need another counterplan to reduce the pollutants in that mid-watershed by 2015.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제56권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2014

Sediment pollutants have been considered an important source for the eutrophication of estuarine reservoir. In this study, the effects of pollutants released from bottom sediment to water column were investigated. Sediment samples were collected each two station from Namyang and Sukmoon estuarine reservoirs in August 2013. The fractionation result of sediment phosphorus indicated that Adsorbed-P ($36.7{\pm}8.84%$) and Nonapatite-P ($29.3{\pm}12.50%$) are the two dominant phosphorus groups in the sediments. For sediment release test, eight sets of acrylic chamber (0.3 m $diameter{\times}1m$ high, with 0.15 m sediment depth) were used with aerobic and anaerobic environment. Under anaerobic conditions, rates of $NH_4-N$ release from the sediments were highly variable, with final concentrations of $NH_4-N$ in the overlying water varying from between about 0.69~1.04 in Namyang and 2.58~4.23 mg/L in Sukmoon reservoir. The $NH_4-N$ release was active at the upstream around the confluence of tributary compared to downstream near the embankment. The $PO_4-P$ release was more obvious than $NH_4-N$ in anaerobic condition. The final $PO_4-P$ concentrations were approximately from two-fold to eight-fold higher than initial concentration. In terms of reservoir water quality management, not only tributary pollutants but also sediment nutrient loading is necessary to consider the water quality contribution.