• 펄프종이기술
• /
• 제47권2호
• /
• pp.24-33
• /
• 2015

This study aims to suggest wastewater treatment options for diaper recycling by identifying characteristic analysis of wastewater from diaper recycling process and efficiency evaluation of wastewater treatment units. The wastewater characteristic analysis showed that the concentration of organic pollutants and ionic materials were very high comparing to seawater. Through the investigation of similar wastewater treatment, six treatment units were identified to reduce pollutants. It is found UF(ultra-filtration), DAF(dissolved air flotation), fenton oxidation, electro-coagulation and chemical-coagulation are effective in reducing organic pollutants while membrane system and ion exchanger are effective in reducing ionic materials. Even though the target of water quality should be secured in terms of managing organic pollutants level, the application of treatment unit for reducing ionic material needs lots of considerations. This result suggests that reuse of pulping wastewater after controlling organic pollutants is better than direct discharge of pulping wastewater. To select the appropriate wastewater treatment unit, an economic analysis about operation condition, wastewater flow, cost, efficiency should be considered.

• 분석과학
• /
• 제8권3호
• /
• pp.237-248
• /
• 1995

미국 환경청이 지정한 129종의 priority pollutants 중 16종의 유기살충제를 포함한 토양시료를 제조하여 표준분석방법인 기체크로마토그래프-전자포획법과 기체크로마토그래프/질량분석기-SIM (selected ion monitoring)법을 이용하여 동시분석의 효율성을 실험하였다. 토양시료의 추출 및 농축방법으로는 EPA의 SW-846 방법을 조금 수정한 초음파추출법(sonication extraction)과 Soxhlet 추출법(Soxhlet extraction)을 비교 연구하였다. 각 화합물의 회수율, 상대표준편차 및 method detection limit를 측정하여 그 결과들을 보고하였다.

• 한국대기환경학회지
• /
• 제12권3호
• /
• pp.315-322
• /
• 1996

Recently, hospital acquired infections have an increase interest as a public problems, which are caused of indoor pollutants in hospital. Microorganisms, ethylene oxide, formaldehyde, and anesthetic gases are main hazardous pollutants in hospital. The possible pathways of the infection are a respiratory channel as well as a blood channel. The blood channel is concerned since these pollutants might be dissolved into the Ringer's solution. The objective of this research was to evaluate the removal efficiencies of adsorption trap for formaldehyde and microorganisms as indoor pollutants which permeated into the Ringer's solution. Dissolved formaldehyde in the solution was increased with the injection dose time. The amount of dissolved formaldehyde was 67.5 $\pm$ 9.5% in Ringer's solution when injection dose time was controlled about 7hrs. An adsorption trap was designed for preventing formaldehyde and microorganisms to be permeated into Ringer's solution. The adsorption trap was packed with 0.4g of active carbon (60/80 mesh) in a sterilized plastic tube (7.79 cm length, 0.46 cm i.d.) and both ends were packed with glass wool. Devised infusion set equipped with the adsorption trap showed 99.9% of removal efficiency for formaldehyde. Microorganism numbers detected on sterilized water for injection and 5% dextrose infusion used in the hospital were 2,695 $\times 10^3$ cells/l and 4,190 $\times 10^3$ cells/l, respectively. Removal efficiency by the adsorption trap was 92.3 $\pm$ 8.5% as for microorgnisms.

• 한국대기환경학회지
• /
• 제8권2호
• /
• pp.121-127
• /
• 1992

This study was carried out to investigate the features of air pollutants in rainwater and trace their transported trajectories from other countries. Chemical analysis data of rainwater and suspended particulates collected at Seoul, Kanghwa, and Taean for three years were used to evaluate the effects of long-range transport of air pollutants. Scavenging theory on washout and rainout effect during a rainy period was applied to estimate whether pollutants in the precipitation were long-range transported or not. On the other hand, precipitation weighted surface wind were evaluated to analyze the effect from local sources on atmospheric concentrations. As a result, contribution of air pollutants caused by anthropogenic sources in the precipitation which was identified to be long range transported was confirmed significantly high and trajectory of these pollutants was to be equivalent to 850mb isobar. Although concentration of acidifying components increased in the precipitation, neutralization by alkaline soil components such as $Ca^{2+}$ and $Mg^{2+}$ was conspicuous especially during Yellow-sand period.

• 한국물환경학회지
• /
• 제28권5호
• /
• pp.676-685
• /
• 2012

As impermeable layer continues to increase with the urbanization process, direct input of nonpoint source pollutants into water bodies via stormwater has caused serious effects on the aquatic ecosystem. Potential applications of rain gardens are increasing not only as best management practices (BMP) for reducing the level of nonpoint source pollutants but also as an ecological engineering alternative for low impact development (LID). In this study, remediation performance of various planting types, such as a mixed planting system with shrubs and herbaceous plants, was assessed quantitatively to effectively manage stormwater and increase landscape applicability. The mixed planting system with Rhododendron lateritium and Zoysia japonica showed the highest removal performance of $76.9{\pm}7.6%$ and $58.4{\pm}5.0%$ for total nitrogen and $89.9{\pm}7.9%$ and $82.4{\pm}5.2%$ for total phosphorus at rainfall intensities of 2.5 mm/h and 5.0 mm/h, respectively. The mixed planting system also showed the highest removal performance for heavy metals. The results suggest that a rain garden with the mixed planting system has high potential applicability as a natural reduction system for nonpoint source pollutants in order to manage stormwater with low concentrations of pollutants and will increase water recycling in urban areas.

• 대한환경공학회지
• /
• 제38권1호
• /
• pp.14-24
• /
• 2016

업종별 수질오염물질 배출 목록은 산업폐수 배출시설을 인허가할 때, 해당 시설 또는 업종에서 관리해야 하는 배출 가능한 수질오염물질을 정확히 검토하기 위함은 물론이고, 오염방지시설의 설계에도 필수적인 가장 기초적인 자료이다. 본 연구에서는 우리나라 폐수배출시설 3개 업종을 대상으로 수질오염물질 배출목록을 작성하기 위하여 해당 사업장의 일반현황 및 처리시설 운영 등에 대한 기초자료 수집과 해당 사업장에서 배출하고 있는 산업폐수중 특정수질유해물질을 비롯한 수질오염물질에 대한 수질 분석을 수행하였다. 본 연구의 조사대상 업종별 수질오염물질 배출목록을 확정하기 위해서 정상적인 시설운영 과정에서 해당물질이 폐수중으로 실제 배출될 수 있는 개연성을 확인하였다. 이를 위해, 먼저 원폐수 및 최종 배출수의 시료 분석에서 검출된 모든 수질오염물질을 평가대상으로 하고, 검출되지 않은 물질은 대상에서 제외한다. 다음으로 이들 평가대상 수질오염물질에 대하여 제조공정상에서 사용하는 각종 원료, 부원료, 불순물 등에서 포함될 가능성을 확인하고, 여기에서 확인될 경우 수질오염물질 배출목록으로 확정한다. 본 연구에서는 3개 업종을 대상으로 하였으며, 석유화학계 기초화합물 제조시설은 조사대상 물질 42종 중 특정수질유해물질 16종을 포함한 31종, 기타 기초유기화합물 제조시설은 특정수질유해물질 14종을 포함한 30종, 화력발전시설은 특정수질유해물질 8종을 포함한 20종의 수질오염물질이 배출목록으로 확정되었다. 본 연구에서는 수질분석과 개연성 평가를 통해 보다 객관적이고 타당성 있는 업종별 수질오염물질 배출목록을 작성하였다.

• 서비스연구
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.63-75
• /
• 2023

산업이 발전하면서 대기오염물질에 대한 관심도는 높아졌다. 대기오염물질은 환경오염, 지구 온난화 등 다양한 분야에 영향을 미쳤다. 그 중 환경성 질환은 대기오염물질에 의해 영향을 받은 분야 중 하나이다. 대기오염물질은 분자의 크기가 작아 인체의 피부나 호흡기를 통해 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 이러한 점 때문에 대기오염물질과 환경성 질환에 대한 연구가 다양하게 진행됐다. 환경성 질환의 일환인 천식은 증상이 심해져 천식발작을 일으킬 경우 생명에 위협을 줄 수 있고 성인 천식의 경우 한번 발병을 하면 완치가 어렵다. 천식을 악화시키는 요인에는 황사, 대기오염이 포함된다. 전 세계적으로 천식은 유병률이 증가하고 있는 추세이다. 본 논문에서는 대기오염물질이 천식 환자의 응급실 입원 건수와 어떤 상관관계를 가지는지 연구하고 상관관계가 높은 대기오염물질을 이용하여 미래의 천식 환자 수를 예측했다. 대기오염물질은 아황산가스(SO₂), 일산화탄소(CO₂), 오존(O₃), 이산화질소(NO₂)와 미세먼지(PM₁₀) 5가지 대기오염물질의 농도를 이용하고 환경성 질환은 천식 환자의 응급실 입원 건수 데이터를 이용하였다. 대기오염물질과 천식의 응급환자 수에 대한 데이터는 2013년 1월1일 부터 2017년 12월 31일 까지 총 5년 치의 데이터를 이용하였다. 모델은 Informer와 LTSF-Linear의 두 가지 모델을 이용하여 예측을 진행하였고 모델의 성능을 측정하기 위해 MAE, MAPE, RMSE 의 성능지표를 이용했다. 천식의 응급환자 수 예측은 응급환자 수를 포함하여 예측을 진행한 경우와 포함하지 않고 진행한 두 가지 경우 모두 진행하여 결과를 비교했다. 본 논문은 Informer와 LTSF-Linear 모델을 이용한 천식 응급환자 수의 예측에 모델의 성능을 향상 시키는 대기 오염물질을 제시한다.

• 한국대기환경학회지
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.205-216
• /
• 2003

We have gathered exposure data on ambient air quality level and investigated dose-response slope factors of air pollutants such as fine particle, HAPs (metals, VOCs, PAHs) and dioxins in Seoul. Theoretical mortality incidences were estimated from exposure to these pollutants. From the results, priorities were ranked in the order fine particle, metals, VOCs, dioxins and PAHs by ordinal scale, and the uncertainties relative to those risk estimates were described.

• 한국대기환경학회지
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.74-83
• /
• 1992

Photochemical reactions are important for the diurnal variation of the concentrations of air pollutants in the urban atmosphere. A photochemical reaction model was developed, which includes in terms of the effective chemical reaction. Various experimental results were introduced to the construction of model. To verify the applicability of the model, the simulated results were compared with those observed. By comparing the simulated results with those observed, it was shown that those two are in good agreement qualitatively. As a result, the photochemical reaction model which has been developed in this study is found to be useful for the prediction of concentrations of air pollutants in the atmosphere.

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
• /
• 제1권2호
• /
• pp.155-164
• /
• 1995

Despite considerable progresses made in our understanding of environmental fate of pollutants stemming from animal production systems, relatively little is known about the processes and mechanisms regulating their dispersement (via emission) into and deposition from the earth's atmospheric system. Here we present and summarize up-to-date knowledge on this topic with a main emphasis on their origin, physico-chemical characteristics, and geochemical distribution behavior.