• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2015년도 제49회 하계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.61.1-61.1
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• 2015

Nanoscale semiconductor plasma processing has become one of the most challenging issues due to the limits of physicochemical fabrication routes with its inherent complexity. The mission of future and emerging plasma processing for development of next generation semiconductor processing is to achieve the ideal nanostructures without abnormal profiles and damages, such as 3D NAND cell array with ultra-high aspect ratio, cylinder capacitors, shallow trench isolation, and 3D logic devices. In spite of significant contributions of research frontiers, these processes are still unveiled due to their inherent complexity of physicochemical behaviors, and gaps in academic research prevent their predictable simulation. To overcome these issues, a Korean plasma consortium began in 2009 with the principal aim to develop a realistic and ultrafast 3D topography simulator of semiconductor plasma processing coupled with zero-D bulk plasma models. In this work, aspects of this computational tool are introduced. The simulator was composed of a multiple 3D level-set based moving algorithm, zero-D bulk plasma module including pulsed plasma processing, a 3D ballistic transport module, and a surface reaction module. The main rate coefficients in bulk and surface reaction models were extracted by molecular simulations or fitting experimental data from several diagnostic tools in an inductively coupled fluorocarbon plasma system. Furthermore, it is well known that realistic ballistic transport is a simulation bottleneck due to the brute-force computation required. In this work, effective parallel computing using graphics processing units was applied to improve the computational performance drastically, so that computer-aided design of these processes is possible due to drastically reduced computational time. Finally, it is demonstrated that 3D feature profile simulations coupled with bulk plasma models can lead to better understanding of abnormal behaviors, such as necking, bowing, etch stops and twisting during high aspect ratio contact hole etch.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.674-682
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• 2014

Four experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of fat-soluble vitamin administration to sows or newborn pigs on plasma vitamin status. In Exp. 1 and 2, a total of 24 and 43 newborn pigs were allotted to control and vitamin treatments (vitamin $D_3$ with variable addition of vitamins A and E) orally or by i.m. injection. In Exp. 3, pigs from Exp. 2 were allotted to 2 treatments (${\alpha}$vitamins $D_3$ and E in drinking water) for 14 d postweaning. In Exp. 4, twenty-four gestating sows were used for 2 treatments (${\pm}injection$ of a vitamin $D_3$/A/E product 2 wk prepartum). In Exp. 1 and 2, when vitamin $D_3$ was administrated orally or by i.m. injection on d 1 of age, pigs had increased plasma 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-OH $D_3$) concentration 10 d after administration compared with control pigs (p<0.05). The injectable administration with vitamin $D_3$ and E was able to achieve higher plasma 25-OH $D_3$ (p<0.05) and ${\alpha}$-tocopherol (p<0.05) concentrations than oral administration. At weaning, the pigs in the injection group had higher plasma 25-OH $D_3$ concentration than those in the other groups in both studies (p<0.05). In Exp. 3, water supplementation of vitamin $D_3$ and E postweaning increased plasma 25-OH $D_3$ and ${\alpha}$-tocopherol concentrations at d 14 postweaning (p<0.01). In Exp. 4, when sows were injected with the vitamin $D_3$ product prepartum, serum 25-OH $D_3$ concentrations of sows at farrowing (p<0.01), and in their progeny at birth (p<0.01) and weaning (p<0.05) were increased. These results demonstrated that fat-soluble vitamin administration to newborn pigs increased plasma 25-OH $D_3$ concentration regardless of administration routes and ${\alpha}$-tocopherol concentration by the injectable route, and that water supplementation of vitamin $D_3$ and E to nursery pigs increased plasma 25-OH $D_3$ and ${\alpha}$-tocopherol concentrations. Additionally, injecting sows with vitamin $D_3$ prepartum increased 25-OH $D_3$ in sows and their offspring. If continued research demonstrates that the serum levels of 25-OH $D_3$ are critical in weanling pigs, a variety of means to increase those levels are available to swine producers.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제33권12호
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• pp.1985-1990
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• 2020

Objective: The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effects of fat-soluble vitamin injection on plasma and tissue vitamin status in nursery pigs. Methods: A total of 16 pigs (initial body weight: 7.15±1.1 kg) were allotted to 2 treatments at d 7 post-weaning. Pigs were fed a corn-soybean meal-based basal diet with no supplemental vitamin A and i.m. injected with 300,000 IU of retinyl palmitate, 900 IU of d-α-tocopherol and 30,000 IU of vitamin D₃ with control pigs having no vitamin injection. Blood (d 0, 3, 7, and 14 post-injection) and tissue samples (liver, brain, heart, lung, and muscle; d 7 and 14 post-injection) were collected from pigs. Retinyl palmitate, retinol, and α-tocopherol concentrations were analyzed in plasma and tissues, while plasma was assayed for 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-OHD₃). Results: Plasma retinol and 25-OHD₃ concentrations increased by the vitamin injection from d 3 to 14 post-injection (p<0.05) whereas plasma retinyl palmitate was detected only in the vitamin treatment at d 3 and 7 post-injection (115.51 and 4.97 ㎍/mL, respectively). Liver retinol, retinyl palmitate, and retinol+retinyl palmitate concentrations increased by retinyl palmitate injection at d 7 and 14 post-injection (p<0.05) whereas those were not detected in the other tissues. The d-α-tocopherol injection increased α-tocopherol concentrations in plasma at d 3 and 7 post-injection (p<0.05) and in liver, heart (p<0.10), and muscle (p<0.05) at d 7 post-injection. Conclusion: Fat-soluble vitamin injection increased plasma status of α-tocopherol, retinol, retinyl palmitate and 25-OHD₃. As plasma levels decreased post-injection, vitamin A level in liver and vitamin E level in muscle, heart and liver increased. The α-tocopherol found in plasma after injection was distributed to various tissues but retinyl palmitate only to the liver.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.76-82
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• 1992

$TEOS-O_3$ 산화막은 깔개층 물질에 따라 증착속도가 변하는 특성을 나타낸다. 본 논문에서는 $TEOS-O_3$ 산화막의 깔개층 물질 의존성 이외에도 배선 밀도, 배선 간격에 따라 증착속도가 달라지는 패턴 의존성에 대하여 조사하였다. 또한 $TEOS-O_3$ 산화막의 깔개층 물질 의존성 및 패턴 의존성을 줄이기 위해 다층 배선에서 1차 배선후에 깔개층, 즉 TEOS-base 프라즈마 산화막 및 $SiH_4-base$ 프라즈마 산화막을 증착했을 때 $TEOS-O_3$ 산화막의 증착 특성을 조사하였다. 그리고 그 깔개층 물질에 $N_2$ 프라즈마 처리를 했을 때 $TEOS-O_3$ 산화막의 증착 특성에 대해 조사하였다. 그 결과 $TEOS-O_3$ 산화막에서 기판 위에 배선 밀도와 배선 간격에 따른 의존성은 깔개층물질이 $SiH_4-base$ 일때보다 TEOS-base 프라즈마 산화막인 경우 $N_2$ 프라즈마 처리를 하면 깔개층 물질 표면이 O-Si-N화 되므로써 의존성이 사라지게 된다.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.278-281
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• 2002

The objective of the current study was to determine the influences of dietary proteins and methionine on plasma lipid concentrations. Thirty growing male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed diets similar in all respects except that dietary protein was from either casein, soy protein isolate, or soy protein isolate supplemented with L-methionine (0.24 %). The animals were fed experimental diets ad libitum for nine weeks. Plasma total-cholesterol concentrations were unaffected by the protein source or methionine supplementation. Plasma triglyceride concentrations were lower in rats of methionine supplemented soy protein diets (76 mg/dL) than in the rats fed casein or soy diet (120 mg/dL, 109 mg/dL, respectively). These results indicate that soy protein reduces plasma triglycerides relative to casein in rats fed cholesterol free diets, and that methionine-supplemented soy diets decrease plasma triglyceride concentrations more than soy protein alone.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.432-438
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• 2017

AZ91D casting alloy requires an advanced plasma anodizing processing because large amount of defects are liable to generate during anodization. In this study, plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) of AZ91D Mg alloy was conducted by the application of either constant voltage or current using a pulse mode and its effects on pore formation, surface roughness and corrosion resistance were investigated. The PEO films showed a three-layer structure. The PEO film thickness was found to increase linearly with voltage. The surface roughness, Ra, ranged between $0.2{\mu}m$ and $0.3{\mu}m$. The corrosion resistance increased from RN 3.5 to 9.5 by the PEO treatment when evaluated according to the 72 hour salt spray test. The PEO-treated surface exhibited higher pitting potential than the raw material.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.637-642
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• 2002

Thirty Holstein calves were used to determine effects of age, environment and sex on blood metabolite concentrations during 1 to 90 d of age. Calves were weaned at 75 d of age. Environmental effects are grouped by the difference in month at birth and site of feeding. Blood samples were obtained every 2 or 3 d. The mean metabolite concentration every 3 d was used for the statistical analysis. Dairy bodyweight gain was not affected by environmental group and sex effect. Concentrations of plasma glucose, nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), triglyceride, total cholesterol and total ketone changed with growth. These developmental changes in metabolite levels would be caused by ruminal maturation with increment of grain intake. Levels of plasma urea nitrogen, glucose, NEFA, triglyceride and total cholesterol drastically changed during a few weeks after birth, indicating that the physiological state in calves greatly changed during that time. Effects of the environmental group and sex were significant in almost all metabolites. Temperature influenced plasma metabolite concentrations. The plasma metabolite concentrations were affected more intensely by heat stress in the infant period than in the neonatal period.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.47-53
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• 1992

본 연구는 3주령 브로일러 병아리 (Hubrd 계통)의 등 피부에 310nm자외선 조사시 상이한 선양에 따르는 혈장중 비타민 $D_3$ ( $D_3$ ) 함량을 측정코자 실시되었다. 자외선 조사선량은 0~0.79J/$\textrm{cm}^2$으로 하였으며 (5반복) 2일 후에 채혈하고 혈장을 분리하여 지질을 추출, $C_{18}$ cartridge로 정제, HPLC로 D$_3$를 분석하였다. 무처리구 병아리의 혈장내 $D_3$함량은 20ng/$m\ell$이었으며 0.32J/$\textrm{cm}^2$조사시 43ng/$m\ell$로서 시험한 모든 선양중 가장 높은 값을 보였다. 이 값은 무처리구에 비하여 2.15 배에 해당한다. 그러나 0.48J/$\textrm{cm}^2$ 이상 조사시에는 $D_3$ 함량이 점차 감소되었으며 0.79J/$\textrm{cm}^2$ 처리시에는 무처리구의 수준과 같이 되었다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.293-297
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• 2013

Background: : Chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia (CIT) is an important cause of morbitity in patients with cancer. Aim: To investigate the effect of the baseline plasma D-dimer level, an important marker for thrombotic activity, on chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia in patients with stage III colon cancer. Materials and Methods: A total of 43 (28 men) eligible patients were divided into two groups according to whether they exhibited chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia: Group 1 (n=21) and Group 2 (n=22). Comparison was made using demographic, histopathologic, and laboratory variables. Additionally, baseline plasma D-dimer levels underwent receiver operation characteristics curve analysis, and areas under the curve were calculated. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative likelihood rates were then determined. Results: The incidence of chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia had a significant correlation with baseline platelet count (r=0.568, P=0.031) and baseline plasma D-dimer levels (r=0.617, P=0.036). When the cut-off point for the latter was set as 498 ng/mL, the area under the curve was 0.89 (95%CI: 0.74-0.93), the sensitivity was 91.4%, the specificity was 89.7%, the positive likelihood rate was 3.64 and the negative likelihood rate was 0.24 for chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia diagnosis. Conclusions: The baseline level of plasma D-dimer could help to differentiate high-risk patients for chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.194-205
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• 1993

Plasma polymerization in prepared glow discharge was carried out to improve the bathochromic of dyed PET fabrics by using silicon containing vinyl monomer in plasma polymerization equipment which consists of a pair of electrodes was connected to the 13.56MHz RF generator. The optimum condition for the bathochromic effect was investigated on various plasma polymeriztion parameters. By plasma polymerization used silicon containing vinyl monomer, the bathochromic of dyed PET fabrics was very enhanced. The optimum conditions on this equipment were as follows ; electrode distance : 3cm, discharge output : 60W, gas pressure : 0.3 Torr, monomer flow rate : 30㎤/min. plasma polymerization time : 60sec. The apparent strength of plasma polymerized PET fabrics was increased about 40∼47% with decreasing about 3 of L value.