• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.227-233
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• 1989

Single cells obtained from suspension culture of mature embryo-derived callus in wheat(Triticum aestivum L. cv Jang Kwang) were cultured to regenrated into the plantlet. Cell clusters and embryogenic calluses were efficiently developed from when the single cells clutured on the MS medium supplemented with 10${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ 2,4-D. Upon transfer to hormone-free MS medium containing 10 mg/I AgNO3, embryogenic calluses gave rise to shoots, probably through somatic embryogenesis.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2018.10a
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• pp.98-98
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• 2018

In this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect of extracts of leaves (ST-L) and branches (ST-B) from Sageretia theezans in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. ST-L and ST-B significantly inhibited the production of the pro-inflammatory mediators such as NO, iNOS, COX-2, $IL-1{\beta}$ and IL-6 in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. ST-L and ST-B blocked LPS-induced degradation of $I{\kappa}B-{\alpha}$ and nuclear accumulation of p65, which resulted to the inhibition of $NF-{\kappa}B$ activation in RAW264.7 cells. ST-L and ST-B also attenuated the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, p38 and JNK in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. In addition, ST-L and ST-B increased HO-1 expression in RAW264.7 cells, and the inhibition of HO-1 by ZnPP reduced the inhibitory effect of ST-L and ST-B against LPS-induced NO production in RAW264.7 cells. Inhibition of p38 activation and ROS elimination attenuated HO-1 expression by ST-L and ST-B, and ROS elimination inhibited p38 activation induced by ST-L and ST-B. ST-L and ST-B dramatically induced nuclear accumulation of Nrf2, but this was significantly reversed by the inhibition of p38 activation and ROS elimination. Collectively, our results suggest that ST-L and ST-B exerts potential anti-inflammatory activity by suppressing $NF-{\kappa}B$ and MAPK signaling activation, and activating HO-1 expression through the nuclear accumulation of Nrf2 via ROS-dependent p38 activation. These findings suggest that ST-L and ST-B may have great potential for the development of anti-inflammatory drug to treat acute and chronic inflammatory disorders.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.374-380
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• 2004

Production of therapeutic proteins by transgenic plant cell suspension cultures is an attractive system alternative to the other expression system. However, plant cell cultures have shown low expression level of foreign proteins and decreased cell viability by the changes of culture conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to enhance cell viability during the culture period. In this study, a quantitative analysis technique was designed to measure relative cell viability for plant suspension cells which have cell wall and aggregates. It was found that the programmed cell death of plant cells by apoptosis was essentially linked with the apoptotic pathway of animal cells. Therefore, effects of nicotinamide, 3-aminobenzamide and antioxidants on cell viability and apoptosis were examined in transgenic Nicotiana tabacum cells producing hGM-CSF. With those additives, cell viability could be maintained and apoptosis could be redued. In the result, the extracellular production of hGM-CSF could be enhanced 2.5 fold. It was also found that the supplementation of glutathione and ascorbic acid suppressed both the cold stress-induced decrease in cell viability and the increase of total genomic DNA fragmentation.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.685-689
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• 2009

We describe the expression of recombinant canstatin from stably transformed Bombyx mori BmS (BmS) cells. Recombinant canstatin was secreted into a culture medium with a molecular mass of approximately 29 kDa. Densitometric scanning showed that the secreted canstatin accounted for approximately 91% of the total canstatin production. Recombinant canstatin was also purified to homogeneity using a simple one-step Ni-NTA affinity fractionation. The identity of the purified protein was confirmed as human canstatin by nano-LC-MS/MS analysis. Purified recombinant canstatin inhibited human endothelial cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. The concentration at half-maximum inhibition ($ED_{50}$) for recombinant canstatin expressed in stably transformed BmS cells was approximately 0.64 ${\mu}g/ml$. A maximum production level of 11 mg/l recombinant canstatin was obtained in a T-flask culture of BmS cells after 6 days of incubation.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.211-218
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• 1993

Plant regeneration was accomplished from protoplast culture of rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Taebaeg). Embryogenic callus was induced from mature seed on MS medium containing 5 mM proline, 2.5 mg/L 2,4-D, 30 g/L sucrose in the dark at 28$^{\circ}C$ and used to establish embryogenic cell suspension culture. Suspension cells were subcultured every one week in N6 medium supplemented with 5 mM proline, 200 mg/L casein hydrolysate, 2.5 mg/L 2,4-D and amino acids of AA medium. Suspension cultures were composed of cells that were densely cytoplasmic, potentially embryogenic and were at least maintained for more than 6 months in liquid medium. Protoplasts were isolated from fast-growing suspension culture cells and cultured in a slightly modified KpR medium by mixed nurse culture. Isolated protoplasts began to divide within 5~7 days and thereafter, protoplast-derived calli were sequentially transferred to callus proliferating medium that soft agar MS medium contained 2 mg/L 2,4-D and produced distinct embryogenic cells. Microcolonies were then transferred to solid medium which consisted of MS medium containing 5 mg/L kinetin, 1 mg/L NAA, 1 mg/L ABA, 30 g/L sucrose and 10 g/L sorbitol under fluorescent light. Mulitple shoots of 4~5 per callus emerged and were transferred to hormone-free MS medium for root initiation. Thereafter, The plantlets were transferred to pots of soil to mature in the culture room.

• BMB Reports
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.149-158
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• 2016

Plants have evolved a vast chemical cornucopia to support their sessile lifestyles. Man has exploited this natural resource since Neolithic times and currently plant-derived chemicals are exploited for a myriad of applications. However, plant sources of most high-value natural products (NPs) are not domesticated and therefore their production cannot be undertaken on an agricultural scale. Further, these plant species are often slow growing, their populations limiting, the concentration of the target molecule highly variable and routinely present at extremely low concentrations. Plant cell and organ culture constitutes a sustainable, controllable and environmentally friendly tool for the industrial production of plant NPs. Further, advances in cell line selection, biotransformation, product secretion, cell permeabilisation, extraction and scale-up, among others, are driving increases in plant NP yields. However, there remain significant obstacles to the commercial synthesis of high-value chemicals from these sources. The relatively recent isolation, culturing and characterisation of cambial meristematic cells (CMCs), provides an emerging platform to circumvent many of these potential difficulties.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.289-298
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• 1988

The pattern of elongation in the developing hypocotyl of Glycine max shows that the elongation generally proceeds from base to the cotyledonary node in acropetal diredtion, although earlier elongation takes place through the entire hypocotyl. Because the differentiation of the vascular cambium in the hypocotyl advances also acropetally, it can be seen that the acropetal wave of hypocotyl elongation is associated with the acropetal differentiation of the cambium in the hypocotyl elongation is associated with the acropetal differentiation of the cambium in the hypocotyl elongation is associated with the acropetal differentiation of the cambium in the hypocotyl. The elongation of procambial cells occurs not only during active elongation but also after cessation of elongation of the hypocotyl. In tangential view, the procambium of the hypocotyl in early stage has homogeneous structure composed of short cells. Subsequently, these procambial cells elongate actively and then become elongated long cells. These long cells eventually become fusiform initials, while some of elongated long cells are transversely divided and then converted into ray initials. The characteristics of the vascular cambium are entirely acquired some time after hypocotyl elongation is completed, and the transitin from procambium to vascular cambium in the hypocotyl is a rather gradual process.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.1-4
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• 1963

Using conidia of Neurospora, changes in respiratory activities and the sensitivity to the ultraviolet light of the cells at different growing stages were measured by manometric methods, and the correlation between them was observed. Efficiency in the utilization of various carbon sources, such as, glucose, sucrose, maltose, starch and sodium acetate, in growth and exogenous respiration of N. crassa was also determined. Growth rate of N. crassa was decreased considerably in the medium containing sodium acetate than in the glucose medium and was almost zero in the lactose medium, whereas the utilization of sucrose, maltose and starch was ve교 high, as that of glucose. Respiratory activities of the cells veried considerably depending upon their different growing stages. Actively growing hyphae exhibited the greatest activity in exogenous glucose respiration, followed by germinating and activated conidia in decreasing order. There was no proportional relationship between the dose of ultraviolet light irradiated and its effect on the respiratory activity of the cells, though the more the dose of ultraviolet light, the more the injury. The sensitivity of the cells to ultraviolet light varied with the different respiratory activities of the cells linked to the developmental stages. In general, the more actively growing cells having high respiratory activities exhibited the more serious injury.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.143-148
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• 1999

This study was conducted to elucidate the effects of ascorbic acid and dehydroascorbic acid on somatic embryogenesis from the cultured cells of carrot. Ascorbic acid in culture medium merely stimulated the proliferation of non-embryogenic cells but dehydroascorbic acid in medium induced embryogenic cells from non-embryogenic cells accompanying the inhibition of cell proliferation. Ascorbic acid in medium inhibited somatic embryogenesis from embryogenic cells while dehydroascorbic acid in medium enhanced somatic embryogenesis from the cells as well as non-embryogenic cells. This enhancement was limited to globular embryos and the maturation to cotyledonary embryos was inhibited by dehydroascorbic acid treatment. From the above results it is suggested that carrot callus cultures on medium containing dehydroascorbic acid could quickly induce embryogenic cells. In addition after brief culture of embryogenic cells on development medium containing dehydroascorbic there by acid the subculture of the cells to MS basal medium resulted in the high frequency production of somatic embryos.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.317-323
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• 1994

The calluses formed on the surface of a quarter-girdled Robinia pseudoacacia stems have been shown to originate from immature xylem cells and preexisting cambial cells. The cellus is not only formed by periclinal and anticlinal divisions of radial cells, but also axial cells. In tangential view, the callus at initial stage showed heterogeneous structure composed of long and short cells and then homogeneous one with short cells. Some cells of homogeneous structure in middle region of callus at early stage is later elongated and others mainly divided in trasverse plane. In the result the homogeneous structure becomes into a heterogeneous one. Subsequently, the long cells in heterogeneous structures elongated further and became fusifrom initials, and the short cells divided transversely became ray initials. The appearence of homogeneous and heterogeneous structure in the callus on debarked stem without organ elongation is almost similar to that of the structure in the procambium of young stem which is elongating extensively. Eventually, the ontogeny of vascular cambium in wound callus resembles that of a young stem grown normally, although the debarked stem does not grow in length but in girth and the young stem elongates activity. These findings mean that the active intrusive growth of short procambial cells occurs during the differentiation of fusiform cambial cells.