• Title/Summary/Keyword: placenta

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The Effect of Homnis Placenta Herbal Acupuncture on Reducing Expression of LPS-induced Arthritis Model as an Anti-inflammatory Agent (자하차약침(紫何車藥針)의 항염증능(亢炎症能)이 LPS 유발 관절염(關節炎) 치료(治療)에 미치는 영향(影響))

  • Park, Ki-Bum;Baek, Seung-Tae;Lee, Seung-Deok;Kim, Kyung-Ho;Kim, Kap-Sung
    • Journal of Acupuncture Research
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    • v.23 no.6
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    • pp.103-115
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    • 2006
  • Objectives : Rheumatoid arthritis(RA) is a systemic & a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease . A chronic , locally destructive inflammmatory reaction in human is examplified by the synovitis present in some connective tissue disorder. The presence of a number of cytokines, $TNF-{\alpha}$, iNOS & expression of nitric oxide, NF-kB p65 activation implies an important role of cellular immune response in RA inflammatory reaction. This study was designed to evaluate on the effects of the Homnis Placenta herbal acupuncture on EX-LE201 & ST 35 reducing expression of LPS-induced arthritis model in mice. Materials and Methods : Homnis Placenta herbal acupuncture was inserted into 10 rats induced rheumatoid arthritis. The acupunctures were injected into the EX-LE201 and ST35 points. Such indexes were measured the inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) expression, nitric oxide(NO) production in vitro experiment and Tumor Necrosis $Factor-{\alpha}(TNF-{\alpha})$ & Nuclear Factor kappa $B(NF-{\kappa}B)$ p65 activation, synovial hyperplasia, angiogenesis and fibrosis in synovial membrane of knee joint of mice in vivo experiment. Results : 1.Homnis Placenta Herbal acupuncture inhibited iNOS mRNA and NO in RAW 264.7 cell of LPS-induced rheumatoid arthritis in a dose dependent manner. 2.Homnis Placenta Herbal acupuncture also showed significant inhibition of $TNF-{\alpha}$ & $NF-{\kappa}B$ p65, activation, synovial hyperplasia, angiogenesis and fibrosis in synovial membrane of knee joint of mice. Conclusion : These results suggest that Homnis Placenta Herbal acupuncture has an therapeutic effects on LPS induced-rheumatoid arthritis by inhibiting $TNF-{\alpha}$ activation.

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Effects of Concentration and Reaction Time of Trypsin, Pepsin, and Chymotrypsin on the Hydrolysis Efficiency of Porcine Placenta

  • Jung, Kyung-Hun;Choi, Ye-Chul;Chun, Ji-Yeon;Min, Sang-Gi;Hong, Geun-Pyo
    • Food Science of Animal Resources
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    • v.34 no.2
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    • pp.151-157
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    • 2014
  • This study investigated the effects of three proteases (trypsin, pepsin and chymotrypsin) on the hydrolysis efficiency of porcine placenta and the molecular weight (Mw) distributions of the placental hydrolysates. Because placenta was made up of insoluble collagen, the placenta was gelatinized by applying thermal treatment at $90^{\circ}C$ for 1 h and used as the sample. The placental hydrolyzing activities of the enzymes at varying concentrations and incubation times were determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Based on the SDS-PAGE, the best placental hydrolysis efficiency was observed in trypsin treatments where all peptide bands disappeared after 1 h of incubation as compared to 6 h of chymotrypsin. Pepsin hardly hydrolyzed the placenta as compared to the other two enzymes. The Mw distribution revealed that the trypsin produced placental peptides with Mw of 106 and 500 Da. Peptides produced by chymotrypsin exhibited broad ranges of Mw distribution (1-20 kDa), while the pepsin treatment showed Mw greater than 7 kDa. For comparisons of pre-treatments, the subcritical water processing (37.5 MPa and $200^{\circ}C$) of raw placenta improved the efficiency of tryptic digestions to a greater level than that of a preheating treatment ($90^{\circ}C$ for 1 h). Consequently, subcritical water processing followed by enzymatic digestions has the potential of an advanced collagen hydrolysis technique.

Placental Transfer and Pharmacokinetics of a Single Oral Dose of the Fluoroquinolone Antibacterial DW-116 in Rats (랫드에서 fluoroquinolone 항균제 DW-116의 단회 경구투여에 의한 태반통과와 약물동태연구)

  • 김종춘;신호철;허정두;이종화;정문구;윤효인
    • Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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    • v.10 no.1
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    • pp.43-49
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    • 2002
  • The present study was conducted to investigate the placental transfer and pharmacokinetics of the flu-oroquinolone antibacterial DW-116 in pregnant rats. The placental transfer and pharmacokinetics of DW-116 were examined after a single oral dose of 500 mg $^{14}C$ DW-116/kg on gestational day 18. Maternal and fetal tissues were collected at 0.17 0.5,1,2,4,8, and 24 h after dosing. Maximum radioactivity was detected in maternal plasma, placenta, and whole fetus at 1 h, and in amniotic plasma at 4 h after dosing. Thereafter, radioactivity gradually disappeared from these tissues and was 16~28% of maximum levels at 24 h after dosing. Radioactivity in whole fetus were higher than those in the maternal plasma and placenta. The $T_{1/2,abs}$, $T_{1/2,{\beta}},$ AUC, $T_{max},$ and $C_{max}$ in the maternal plasma were approximately 6 min, 13.3 h, 1620 $ug^*hr/ml,$ 0.5 h, and 136 ug/ml, respectively. Those in the placenta were approximately 20 min, 12.3 h, 2150 $ug^*h/$m\ell$,$ 1.0 h, and 172 ug/ml, respectively. Those in the whole fetus were 13 min, 12.8 h,2549 $ug^*h/$m\ell$,$ 1 h, and 191 ug/ml, respectively. In the amniotic fluid of maternal uterus, the 4T_1/2,abs}$, $T1/2,{\beta},$ AUC, $T_{max},$ and $C_{max}$ were approximately 1.3 h,9.3 h,2508 $ug^*h/$m\ell$,$ 4.4 h, and 135 ug/ml, respectively. While DW-116 disappeared biphasically from maternal plasma, whole fetus and placenta, it was eliminated monophasically from amniotic fluid. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that the absorption and distribution of DW-116 in maternal plasma and placenta were extensively rapid, and that the test chemical well passed the blood-placenta barrier and was transferred to the fetus.

A Pilot Study on Single-dose Toxicity Testing of Hominis placenta Pharmacopuncture in Sprague-Dawley Rats

  • Lee, Yoo-Hwan;Yoon, Hyun-Min;Jang, Kyung-Jeon;Kim, Cheol-Hong
    • Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.51-59
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    • 2015
  • Objectives: This study was performed to analyze the toxicity and to find the lethal dose of the test substance Hominis placenta pharmacopuncture when used as a single-dose in 6 week old, male and female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Methods: All experiments were conducted at Biotoxtech (Chungwon, Korea), an institution authorized to perform non clinical studies, under the regulations of Good Laboratory Practice (GLP). SD rats were chosen for the pilot study. Doses of Hominis placenta pharmacopuncture extracts, 0.125, 0.25 and 0.5 mL, were administered to the experimental group, and 0.5 mL doses of normal saline solution were administered to the control group. This study was conducted under the approval of the Institutional Animal Ethics Committee. Results: No deaths or abnormalities occurred in any of the groups. Also, no significant changes in body weights were observed among the groups, and no significant differences in hematology/biochemistry, necropsy, and histopathology results were noted. Hematologically, some changes in the male rats in two experimental groups were observed, but those changes had no clinical or toxicological meaning because they were not dose dependent. Histopathological tests on the injected parts showed cell infiltration in the male rats in one of the experimental groups; however, that result was due to spontaneous generation and had no toxicological meaning. Therefore, this study showed that Hominis placenta pharmacopuncture had no effect on the injected parts in terms of clinical signs, body weight, hematology, clinical chemistry, and necropsy. Conclusion: As a result of single-dose tests of the test substance Hominis placenta pharmacopuncture in 4 groups of rats, the lethal dose for both males and females exceeded 0.5 mL/animal. Therefore, the above findings suggest that treatment with Hominis placenta pharmacopuncture is relatively safe. Further studies on this subject are needed.

Isolation and Characterization of Trophoblast Stem Cells-like Cells Derived from Human Term Placenta

  • Na, Kyu-Hwan;Shin, Kyung-Seon;Choi, Jong-Ho;Cha, Dong-Hyun;Kim, Gi-Jin
    • Development and Reproduction
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    • v.14 no.3
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    • pp.155-162
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    • 2010
  • The trophectoderm is one of the earliest cell types to differentiate in the forming placenta. It is an important for the initial implantation and placentation during pregnancy. Trophoblast stem cells (TBSCs) develop from the blastocyst and are maintained by signals emanating from the inner cell mass. However, several limitations including rarity and difficulty in isolation of trophoblast stem cells derived from blastocyst still exist. To establish a model for trophoblast differentiation, we isolated TBSCs from human term placenta ($\geq$38 weeks) and characterized. Cell cycle was analyzed by measuring DNA content by FACS analysis and phenotype of TBSCs was characterized by RT-PCR and FACS analysis. TBSCs have expressed various markers such as self-renewal markers (Nanog, Sox2), three germ layer markers (hNF68, alpha-cardiac actin, hAFP), trophoblast specific markers (CDX-2, CK7, HLA-G), and TERT gene. In FACS analysis, TBSCs isolated from term placenta showed that the majority of cells expressed CD13, CD44, CD90, CD95, CD105, HLA-ABC, cytokeratin 7, and HLA-G. Testing for CD31, CD34, CD45, CD71, vimentin and HLA-DR were negative. TBSCs were shown to decrease the growth rate when cultured in conditioned medium without FGF4/heparin as well as the morphology was changed to a characteristic giant cell with a large cytoplasm and nucleus. In invasion assay, TBSCs isolated from term placenta showed invasion activities in in vivo using nude mice and in vitro Matrigel system. Taken together, these results support that an isolation potential of TBSCs from term placenta as well as a good source for understanding of the infertility mechanism.

Functional Cosmetic Effect of Porcine Placeta (Porcine Placenta의 기능성 화장품소재 특성)

  • Kim, Bo Young;Kim, Tagon;Kang, Whan Yul;Baek, Hyun;Cheon, Hae Young;Kim, Donguk
    • Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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    • v.48 no.3
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    • pp.327-331
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    • 2010
  • Porcine placenta was treated with alkali, acid and enzyme treatment to obtain extracts. Heavy metal contents such as Pb, As, and Hg were low enough to satisfy cosmetic agent standard. As a result of safety test(MTT assay), porcine placenta extracts showed over 80% of cell viability at $50{\mu}g/ml$, and cell toxicity was relatively lower. From antioxidation test using DPPH free radical scavenging assay, antioxidation effect was highest as 63% at $50{\mu}g/ml$ when porcine placenta was treated with alkali in pH 9. From whitening effect test using tyrosinase inhibition assay, tyrosinase inhibition effect was 30% at $50{\mu}g/ml$ concentration in alkali treated procine placenta, however, the efficiency was lower compared with arbutin or vitamin C. In anti-wrinkle effect test from elastase inhibition assay, elastase inhibition effects were 20~30% at $50{\mu}g/ml$ for 5 kinds of porcine placenta treatments, which was superior to standard, and especially, protease treated extracts showed best results. Skin formulation including 1% porcine placenta was made and the formulation was very stable for temperature and storage period. From this research, porcine placenta extract showed high potential for anti-wrinkle functional cosmetic agent.

Role of Trophobolast in Implantation and Placenta Development (착상 및 태반 발달과정에 따른 영양막세포의 역할)

  • Kim, Gi-Jin
    • Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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    • v.37 no.3
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    • pp.181-189
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    • 2010
  • The placenta, which is a temporary organ derived from the fetus during pregnancy, is critical to support fetus development via optimal regulation between mother and fetus. Trophoblast as a major cell population of the placenta is one of the earliest to differentiate and shows an extensive proliferation or/and differentiation up to the formation of the placenta. The role of the trophoblast show dynamic changes from early embryo implantation to placentation during pregnancy. Implantation of the blastocyst into the endometrium of the maternal uterus is mediated by invasion of the differentiated trophoblast (e.g. syncytiotrophoblast) from the trophectoderm. During pregnancy, the unique role of the trophoblast is to invasion, eroding, and metastasizing in the placenta as well as to ensure appropriate bidirectional nutrient or waste flow required for growth and maturation of the embryo. The dysfunction of the trophoblast during pregnancy can result in several gynecological diseases including preeclampsia and congenital malformation in neonatal medicine. Therefore, trophoblasts act as a conclusive factor in placental and fetal development. This brief review outlines the classification of trophoblast and its function in the placenta during pregnancy. Also, we introduce the latest research in trophoblast for implantation and the placenta development, and the application potential of trophoblast for infertility and obstetrical diseases.

A Recognition and Application Plan of Placenta Chamber of King Sejong's Princes by Big Data Analytical Technique (빅데이터 분석기법을 통한 성주(星州) 세종대왕자태실(世宗大王子胎室)의 인식 및 활용방안)

  • Lim, Jin-Kang;Park, Ji-Hwan
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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    • v.36 no.1
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    • pp.78-88
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    • 2018
  • The purpose of this study is to establish a utilization plan according to the cultural value of Placenta Chamber of King Sejong's Princes. We used SNS to analyze various public perceptions and opinions, collected data and analyzed it. The collection period is from June 01, 2007 to June 30, 2017 (for about 10 years), We gathered data from blogs, cafes, and Knowledge IN that contain keywords related to 'Placenta Chamber', 'Placenta Chamber of Seongju', 'Placenta Chamber of King Sejong's Princes'. and Analyzed using the text mining method of the big date program. Based on the main results of the big data analysis, Placenta Chamber's method of utilization was derived. As a result, major keywords such as King Sejong Great, Prince, Sungju, Feng Shui, culture, preservation, blessing etc were derived. The association of 'world', 'heritage', 'cultural heritage' is high, and the connection of 'Placenta Chamber', 'Gyeongsangbuk-do', 'cultural property' is high, and it was able to confirm the value of Placenta Chamber as a world cultural heritage. and It is necessary to induce visitors to feel stimulation or change of surroundings through facility refurbishment and environmental improvement around Placenta Chamber.

Clinical Observation on a Case of Aplastic Anemia Treated by Herbal Acupuncture (재생불량성(再生不良性) 빈혈(貧血)의 약침치료(藥針治療) 경과 1례 보고)

  • Kim, Tae-Woo;Kang, Young-Hwa;Kim, Heo-Eun
    • Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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    • v.4 no.3
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    • pp.119-126
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    • 2001
  • Objective : In order to report the process of treatment of Aplastic anemia by herbal acupuncture Methods: This case was diagnosed as deficiency of Yang of spleen and kidneys, deficiency of Ki and blood, and fevescence from the deficiency of Urn. Hominis Placenta herbal acupuncture and Bee-venom acupuncture were choosen as the method to treat the case. Results: 1. The nocturnal fevescence and indigestion was decreased during the times when Hominis Placenta herbal acupuncture was used once a day. 2. The mobility of the joints was improved and the inflamation on the joints was decreased during the times when Bee-venom acupuncture was used every other day. 3. The interval between the transfusion was extended during the times when Hominis Placenta herbal acupuncture and Bee-venom acupuncture were used by turns. Conclution : Hominis Placenta herbal acupuncture and Bee-venom acupuncture sucessfully imporved the symtoms of patient with Aplastic anemia

A Case of Temporomandibular Disorder Patient Treated with Additional Hominis Placenta and Bee Venom Herbal Acupuncture (자하거(紫河車), 봉약침(蜂藥鍼)을 가미한 한방치료로 호전된 악관절장애 치험 1예(例))

  • Seo, Bo-Myung;Lim, Seong-Chul;Jung, Tae-Young;Han, Sang-Won;Seo, Jung-Chul
    • Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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    • v.8 no.3
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    • pp.99-105
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    • 2005
  • Objectives : The purpose of this study is to analyze the functional and clinical improvement effect on temporomandibular disorder by additional Hominis Placenta and bee venom herbal acupuncture treatment. Methods : A patient was treated with Hominis Placenta, bee venom herbal acupuncture, simple acupuncture, chiropractic therapy, and herbal medicine. We evaluated the improvement by visual analogue scale(VAS) score, mouth opening range, and X-ray image. Results : The VAS score was significantly decreased and mouth opening range was increased after treatment. X-ray image showed improved change after treatments. Conclusions : We think Hominis Placenta and bee venom herbal acupuncture treatment mainly contributed to the improvement of temporomandibular disorders. Further study is needed for the confirmation of this effect of on temporomandibular disorders.