• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
• /
• 2001.10a
• /
• pp.275-280
• /
• 2001

Although important developments have taken place since ESOPT 1974 both with respect to the test method as well as the interpretation of the results, many uncertainties still remain in the Standard Penetration Test(SPT). The main pitfall of SPT is that it has not been standardized differing from its terminology and further, the possibility of standardization is very low in practice. Therefore, lack of knowledge on the equipment and method of SPT tends to cause some errors in interpretation of the results. It Is especially important to understand this tendency in domestic design, because most foundations are designed based on SPT results only. Many researchers have made an effort to minimize the uncertainties of SPf in Korea, it is not cleary defined what the most effective method of execution and interpretation of SPT Some uncertainties which many geotechnical engineers encounter in practice are introduced to discuss about improvement of test procedure and interpretation.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
• /
• v.39 no.3
• /
• pp.293-297
• /
• 2021

Two linyphiid spiders, Saitonia kawaguchikonis Saito & Ono, 2001 and Asthenargus niphonius Saito & Ono, 2001 were confirmed from Korea for the first time. Males of S. kawaguchikonis and a female of A. niphonius were collected with pitfall traps in a leaf litter of mixed forests in three National Parks (Hallyeohaesang National Park, Mt. Naejangsan, and Mt. Sobaeksan) during the seasonal surveys for the spider fauna in mountainous terrain from 2018 to 2020. These two species were formerly known from China and Japan, or only from Japan, respectively. The present study describes these two species with measurements, morphological illustrations, and a distribution map. This report adds the genus Asthenargus Simon & Fage, 1922 from Korea to the Korean spider fauna for the first time.

• Journal of Species Research
• /
• v.8 no.3
• /
• pp.283-287
• /
• 2019

Pardosa pseudolaevitarsis n. sp. and Hygrolycosa umidicola Tanaka, 1978 belonging to Lycosidae are described from Korea. To date, fourteen species in the genus Pardosa C. L. Koch, 1847 have been described from Korea. H. umidicola belongs to Hygrolycosa Dahl, 1908 was once described from Korea, but the previous description of this species could not provide adequate scientific evidence for adding H. umidicola to the Korean spider fauna. Pardosa pseudolaevitarsis n. sp. is similar to P. laevitarsis Tanaka & Suwa, 1986 in the shape of its epigyne and palp, but can be distinguished by the followings: epigynal atrium small; spermathecae extending to the end of atrium; shape, location and orientation of fertilization duct in epigyne and internal genitalia; blunt basal spur of median apophysis in palp; number, shape and arrangement cheliceral teeth on both margins. Both species were collected using pitfall traps on a ridge between rice fields and seem to prefer habitats with relatively high humidity.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.291-295
• /
• 2018

Dental origins are a common cause of facial cutaneous sinus tracts. However, it can be easily overlooked or misdiagnosed if not suspected by a surgeon who is not familiar with dental origins. Cutaneous odontogenic sinuses are typically nodulocystic lesions with discharge and are most frequently located on the chin or jaw. This article presents two cases of unusual cutaneous odontogenic sinus presentations, as deep dimpling at the middle of the cheek. The patients were undergone surgical excision of sinus tract and dimpling immediate before and after treatment of causal teeth and the lesions resolved without recurrence. Surgeons should consider dental origins of facial dimpling lesions with discharge and provide appropriate treatment.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
• /
• v.39 no.1
• /
• pp.16-18
• /
• 2021

Haplodrassus nojimai Kamura, 2007 of Gnaphosidae, which is only known in Japan was newly described in Korea with measurements and morphological illustrations. A female was collected from the levee of rice fields using a pitfall trap. The female epigynum has thick and remarkable transverse wrinkles and is densely covered with long blackish-gray hairs. The anterior hood was slightly rounded and the lateral margins were relatively short. The median septum was V-shaped with a broad base on the median part, and a pair of spermathecae was visible. The male is still unknown.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• v.54 no.2
• /
• pp.102-107
• /
• 2021

The distribution pattern of species richness was determined by temperature. To examine the relationship between hemipteran richness and temperature, hemipteran species were collected using pitfall traps at six different oak forest sites with different annual mean temperatures in South Korea. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted with mean annual temperature (MAT) and plant richness to evaluate differences in hemipteran richness. The influences of MAT and plant richness of study sites on hemipteran richness were examined by comparing three models (plant richness+MAT+MAT², plant richness+MAT, and MAT) or two models (plant richness+MAT and MAT). Hemipteran richness showed an inverse diversity pattern as a function of temperature, with higher species richness at lower temperature sites. Meanwhile, Aphididae showed a bell-shaped diversity pattern with the highest value at low medium temperatures. The regression analysis showed that hemipteran richness was affected by temperature and plant richness in their habitats.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.8-14
• /
• 2020

This study was carried out to compare the Snout-vent length (SVL) and the biomass for the endangered species II, narrow-mouthed toad (Kaloula borealis), at the three different latitude sites (Seoul, Nonsan, Busan) in Korea. For the narrow-mouthed toad study, pitfall traps and inducement traps were used to catch the species, and environmental factors (temperature, precipitation, humidity) were compared by region. As a result of this study, each of the male narrow-mouthed toads' SVL and biomass in Busan was 41.6±0.39mm, and 11.3±0.17g, which showed that it was the biggest and heaviest among the three regions. For Seoul and Nonsan, each of the SVL of the female narrow-mouthed toad was 36.6±2.03mm, 36.6±1.76mm, and the biomass was 8.1±0.55g, 8.2±0.91g, which showed that there was no significant difference between Seoul and Nonsan. Each of the female narrow-mouthed frogs' SVL and biomass in Busan was 44.7±0.35mm, 13.1±0.18g, which was also biggest but showed no significant difference in biomass by region. Concluding, this showed that the female narrow-mouthed toad in Busan is larger and heavier than those of other regions. We hope this study will be a standard for the future amphibian research with comparing the SVL and biomass for the endangered species II, narrow-mouthed toad. It is expected that if this kind of study keeps for long, it will be a basis for understanding changes in biomass of amphibian species due to climate change.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.31 no.6
• /
• pp.500-507
• /
• 2017

The study of insect fauna in Taeanhaean National Park in Korea began with the first survey of natural resources in 1996, and then the surveys were conducted seasonally from 2005 to 2014. The surveyed sites were mostly coastal areas, sand dunes, and back grasslands. Insects were collected by sweeping with insect net, suction, pitfall trap, light trap, and Malaise trap. As a result, a total of 1,540 species of 215 families belonging to 17 orders were identified. Lepidoptera was the most populous group at 34.2% and followed by Coleoptera at 28.3%, Hemiptera at 12.7%, Diptera at 8.5%, Hymenoptera at 7.1%, Orthoptera at 4.7%, Odonata at 2.0%, and others. The analysis of change of arenaceous insect fauna before and after the accident by the Hebei Spirit that spilt oil in Taean in December 2007 showed that 45 arenaceous insect species, mostly belonging to Coleoptera, were observed through the whole survey period. The impact of oil spill on the number of arenaceous insect species appearing in the area was minor.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.49 no.3
• /
• pp.187-198
• /
• 2010

Thinning treatment has a huge effect on understory and litter structures in forest ecosystem, and the resulting changes may impact some arthropod groups such as plant-feeders and detritivores. This study was carried out to find a change in arthropod abundance and their structures in relation to the thinning activity in a Pinus koraiensis plantation in Chuncheon, Korea, where thinning was conducted twice: in 1998-2000 (old-thinning) and 2007 (new-thinning). Arthropods were collected using pitfall traps in 2006 and 2008. Effects of old-thinning on change of abundance and community structure of arthropod were significant, but the effects of new-thinning were not significant. The most significant thinning effect was found in detritivores, followed by plant feeders, but the effect was hardly significant in predators. Among detritivores the changes in abundance was diverse. The abundance of orthopteran plant-feeder increased, but Curculionidae declined after thinning. There was not different in abundance of total arthropods between thinned and unthinned areas because the difference may have cancelled each other out by increased or decreased abundance of taxa. Community structures of arthropods were most greatly affected by years, followed by the old-thinning, but the new-thinning did not affect community structures.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
• /
• v.2 no.4
• /
• pp.291-295
• /
• 2015

The insect community structures between a plantation of Pinus rigida and a secondary forest of Quercus monglica were compared to find out one of the ecological roles of a forest planted in 1960s in a suburban area of Seoul, Korea. We collected the insect samples biweekly from September to November in 2014 by using 5 pitfall traps in both forests. The results of analyzing the community structure index of insects in both forests of P. rigida and Q. Mongolica showed that the species richness was a little higher and species evenness was a little lower in P. rigida plantation, and species diversity and dominance were similar in the two forests. The analysis results of insect community structure at the two forests did not show any significant difference. We conclude that the plantation of P. rigida over 40-50 years could sufficiently perform an ecological function as an insect habitat.