• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.69-74
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• 2000

Pinus $rigida{\times}taeda$ and Liriodendron tulipifira have been planted in this country for about 20 years. They are known as a relatively 13st-grown and useful species. The physical properties such as green moisture contents, specific gravities and dimensional shrinkages were examined with natively grown timbers. The kiln-dry schedules were developed with 30m thick boards by using an oven-fast-drying method. In both species the green MC's of sapwoods were higher than those of heartwoods, but their discrepancies were small. The green specific gravities of Pinus $rigida{\times}taeda$ and Liriodendron tulipifera were 0.48 and 0.41~O.42, respectively. The developed kiln-dry schedules were proven to minimize drying defects for the hoards of 30mm thickness and various width.

• Mycobiology
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.266-271
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• 2011

Species of Phoma and its allies were isolated during a survey on the diversity of endophytic fungi associated with pine trees in Korea. Based on the phylogenetic analyses of internal transcribed spacer and ${\beta}$-tubulin gene sequences, two Phoma-like species from the needles of Pinus koraiensis were identified as Peyronellaea calorpreferens and P. glomerata. They were also morphologically identified based on the previous descriptions. Here, we report P. calorpreferens and P. glomerata being present in Korea as endophytic fungi in Pinus koraiensis.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.133-136
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• 2015

We investigated endophytic fungi diversity of two Pinaceae species (Pinus densiflora, Pinus rigida) and one Cupressaceae species (Juniperus rigida) on Mt. Seodae, Korea. In total, 34 isolates were obtained from 19 host plants and identified according to internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. As a result, they were placed in 13 taxa. Among them, 52.9% belonged to Leotiomycetes, 32.3% belonged to Sordariomycetes, 5.8% belonged to Agaricomycetes, and 3.0% for isolates belonged to either Eurotiomycetes, Dothideomycetes or Ustilaginomycetes. In particular, Lophodermium growing in pine would be an especially important instance of biodiversity for endophytes, suggesting that further study examining its ecological function in the environment is critical.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.568-573
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• 1998

Volatile compounds in Pinus densiflora were extracted with Likens-Nickerson apparatus for three hours, and were separated and identified by gas chromatography(GC) and mass selective detector(MSD). Twenty six compounds were isolated from Pinus densiflora, identified by GC-MSD and twelve compounds were confirmed by matching retention times of the pure comounds. The main valatile compounds were terpenoids such as limonene(36.2%), $\beta$-pinene(16.9%), $\beta$-myrcene(12.6%) and $\alpha$-pinene(10.9%), and the total amount of these main compounds was 367.9$\mu\textrm{g}$ per 1g of pine twigs.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.179-188
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• 1995

Death patterns of gap-makers and changes of environmental factors in gaps formed by disturbance were studied in Pinus densiflora forests of Youngwol, Mt, Mansu, Mt. Songni, Uljin, and Mt, Obong in Korea. Death pattern of gap-makers showed that standing deat type was the most frequent in all the study areas. Longevity of Pinus densiflora was about 140 years, which was about half of that of the temperate deciduous broad-leaved trees. size of gaps were distributed from $20m^2$ to $235m^2$, more than 80% of those were gaps created by death of two or more trees. Relative light intensity and water content of soil in gap area were higher than those in non-gap area and those in the central part of gap were the highest.

• Journal of Korea Foresty Energy
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.44-48
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• 2003

Flexural properties were investigated on clear specimens made from small diameter thinned trees of pitch pine (Pinus rigida Mill.), Japanese red pine (Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc), Japanese larch (Larix kaempferi Carr.), and sawtooth oak (Quercus acutissima Carr.). MOR and MOE values of small clear specimen were depended on the species. The highest density of sawtooth oak shows the highest values of MOR and MOE. However, the lowest density of Japanese larch shows the lowest values of MOR. It was also shown that flexural properties could be predicted by stress wave MOE, since the correlations between stress wave MOE and flexural properties were relatively good.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.59-65
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• 1992

Pollen analysis to clear vegetational history of korea was carried out on the deposite taken from the pit of the miruksa site, south-western korea(36o00'18'N, 127o1'12'E, 10m in alt.). This area has been known as the cool temperate zone(southern zone) according to yim and kira(1975). But, now we can not found the original vegetation because the area has been disturbed severely and almost area changed to cultivated land.the area is one of the most developd area in early agricultural stage of korea. By the pollen diagram, three local pollen zones are distinguished in this site, bottom to surface, as following. is-Ⅰ :pinus-quercus zone (140∼120 cm, sample 1 and 2) is-Ⅱ :ulmus+zelkova zone(120∼84 cm, sample 3∼6) is-Ⅲ :pinus zone(84∼0 cm, sample 7 ∼13) is-Ⅰ is characterized by high values in frequences of pinus, the temperate conifer and quercus the cool temperate oak, and is-Ⅱ zone by the decrease of quercus and increase of ulmus and increase of ulman+zelkova as ravine forest elements, isⅢ zone is characterized by pinus, especially, based on data of sample no.9.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.95-102
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• 1997

Ring width chronologies of blue pine (pinus wallichiana) from two mesic sites, Kanasar(2, 400 m) and Gangotri(3, 000 m), in the western Himalayan region. India were developed to understand tree growth-climate relationship and its applicability in proxy climate studies. The resoponse function analyses of the two chronologies show that the site conditions play an important role in modulating the effect of climatic variables on tree growth. Winter temperature, prior to the growth year, has been found to play positive influence on blue pine growth at both sites. Summer temperature also has very similar response except for June and August. June temperature has negative influence at the lower in contrary to at the higher site. Low August temperature favors tree growth to precipitation has been found to vary which could be due to different precipitation regime at the two sites. Winter precipitation is important for tree growth at the higher, whereas summer at the lower sits. The present study suggests that the tree ring materials of blue pine from the temperate Himalayan regions could be used to develop chronologies for the reconstruction of seasonal climatic variables.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.103-109
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• 1997

Eleven phenolic compounds including caffeic acid were identified through analyzing the aqueous extracts of Pinus rigida by HPLC. Among them, protocatechuic acid was the maximum amount of 6.84 ppm. Seed germination of Cassia mimosoides var. nomame was significantly stimulated by the extract of P. rigida leaves in the proportion ot concentration. However, root growth was elevalted at a threshold concentration below 25%, but it was inhibited at high concentrations. In 50% extract of P. rigida, upward root tip of C. mimosoides var. nomame showed negageotropism which the root end showed necrosis. New isozyme bands were induced indicating concentration activity of peroxidase from the extract of C. mimosoides var. nomame, especially in the cathodic region. Although it reduced the mumber of isozyme bands of esterase, esterase activities were stimulated in the anodic region of C. mimosoides var. nomame. The activity of amylase was not remarkably different between control and treatment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.85-95
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• 2008

This study was carried out to analyze Sungkyunkwan University Forest vegetation at Pocheon. Employing the releve method of Braun-Blanquet, 20 plots were sampled. The communities were classified into Larix leptolepis community, Quercus mongolica community, Pinus koraiensis community and Pinus densiflora community. Average coverage rate was 91% in tree layer, 39% in subtree layer, 44% in shrub layer, 43% in herb layer, respectively. The importance values were 61.79% in Larix leptolepis, 52.08% in Quercus mongolica, 44.6% in Pinus koraiensis, 30.35% in Pinus densiflora, 17.78% in Styrax obassia, 10.9% in Fraxinus rhynchophyllia. DBH range of most Quercus mongolica was between 6cm and 15cm. Therefore, Quercus mongolica will be dominant species in the study area for several more decades.