• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.293-300
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• 2018

The removal of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from water using KOH-activated pine tree needle leaves biochar is considered a cost effective and efficient process. In this study, pine tree needle leaves were mixed with 0, 50, 100 and 200% (KOH weight/feedstock weight) of KOH, respectively. Then, the mixture was pyrolyzed at $500^{\circ}C$ for 6 hrs. The adsorption characteristics of 10 VOCs to the biochar were tested. The results indicated that the removal efficiency of the KOH activated biochar was highest in 100% KOH-biochar. The VOC removal efficiencies of 50% and 200% KOH activated biochar were similar and the 0% KOH activated biochar showed the lowest VOC removal. The FTIR results showed that increasing the amount of KOH seemed to enhance the formation of various functional groups, such as -OH, -C=C, -O. The adsorption strength of 10 VOCs to the KOH activated biochar seemed to be increasing by the increase of the solubility of VOCs. This may suggest that the adsorption is taking place in hydrophilic sites of the biochar surface. The KOH activated pine tree needle leaves biochar can be an effective sorbent for VOCs removal in water and 100% KOH mixing seemed to provide better sorption capacity.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.1-8
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• 1972

A comparison between the productivity of the evergreen needle pine(Pinus densiflora) and of the deciduous broad leaved oak(Quercus mongolica) stands, which is located near Choon-Chun city, Kangwon dist. have been established. The pine stand had a stand density of 938 trees per ha and oak stand had of 638 trees per ha. The diameter at breast height (D) and the height of tree (H) of each tree were measured in sample plot of 800$m^2$. Twelve standard sample trees chose from the sample area felled down, and then weighed the stem, branches and leaves separately, according to both the stratified clip technique and the stem analysis. The vertical distribution of photosynthetic system was arranged effectively for high productivity in the productive structure of both trees. The allometric relation between D2H and dry weight of stem (Ws), branches (Wb) and leaves (Wl) of pine were approximated by log Ws=0.6212 log D2H-0.5383 log Wb=0.4681 log D2H-0.7236 log Wl=0.2582 log D2H-5.1567 and those of oak were approximated by log Ws=0.5125 log D2H＋0.0231 log Wb=0.5125 log D2H-0.3755 log Wl=0.8721 log D2H-2.9710 From the above, the standing crops of pine and oak in the sample area were estimated to be as much as 38.83ton and 48.11 ton of dry matter, above ground, per ha, respectively. Annual net production as the sum of the biomass newly formed during one year was appraised at 12.66ton/ha.yr in pine stand and at 8.74 ton/ha.yr in oak. The reason of high productivity of pine stand compared with oak might be resulted from much more about 4 times of the amount of the photosynthetic system, but less non-photosynthetic one of pine than those of oak. To increase the productivity of the forest stands investigated it was necessary to make densly a stand density, to be abundant in the inorganic nutrients and to preserve much water in soil to conserve the litters.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제57권3호
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• pp.329-334
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• 2013

솔잎조직과 ferrocene을 각각 효소원 및 매개체로, CSM 고무를 흑연가루 결합재로 사용하여 전류법 과산화수소 정량 효소전극을 제작하고, 그것의 특성을 전기화학적인 방법으로 관찰하였다. 낮은 퍼텐샬 영역(-100 ~ -500 mV)에서 보여준 ln($i(1-e^{nf{\eta}})$) vs. ${\eta}$ 및 Lineweaver-Burk 도시의 좋은 직선성은 신호전류의 생성이 효소의 촉매작용에 의한 것임을 확인하여 주었다. 이 때 얻어진 대칭인자(${\alpha}$, 0.17), 한계전류($i_1$, 1.99 $A/cm^2$), 교환전류밀도($i_0$, $5.86{\times}10^{-5}\;A/cm^2$), 마이클 상수($K_M$, $1.68{\times}10^{-3}$ M) 및 기타 전극 파라메터들은 전극 표면에서 소나무 과산화효소가 정량적으로 성능을 발휘하고 있음을 보여 주었다. 이런 실험적 사실들은 솔잎조직이 상업용 과산화효소를 대치하여 실용 효소전극 제작에 사용될 수 있음을 보여 주었다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.15-21
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• 1975

소나무좀에 감수성(感受性)인 소나무류(類) 잎에는 carotenoid의 함량(含量)이 많고 저항성(抵抗性)인 소나무류(類) 잎에는 그 함량(含量)이 적다는 흑목등(黑木等)의 보고(報告)에 따라 소나무 곰슬 리기다소나무 잣나무 리기테-다소나무 태-다소나무의 소나무좀에 대한 저항성정도(抵抗性程度)를 밝히기 위하여 이들 소나무류(類)의 일년생(一年生) 묘목(苗木)의 침엽(針葉)으로부터 Carotenoid를 추출분석(抽出分析)하여 얻어진 결과(結果)를 다음과 같이 요약(要約)할 수 있다. 이들 소나무류(類)에 함유(含有)되어 있는 carotenoid의 가시부(可視部) 흡수(吸收)spectrum은 매우 비슷하였다. 이들 일정침엽량(一定針葉量)에 함유(含有)된 carotenoid의 량(量)은 잣나무>리기다소나무>곰솔>리기테-다소나무>테-다소나무의 순(順)이였다. Carotenoid는 아가시아 밤나무 편백 희마라야시-다 잎에도 함유(含有)되어 있었고 이들 9수종(樹種)의 carotenoid의 총함량비교(總含量比較)는 아가시아>리기다소나무>곰솔>밤나무>리기테-다소나무>테-다소나무>편백>희마라야시-다 순(順)으로 나타나 이것은 carotenoid의 함량(含量)과 소나무좀에 대한 저항성정도(抵抗性程度)를 직결(直結)시켜서 설명(說明)하는데에는 난점(難點)이 있다고 생각되었다. carotenoid의 thin layer chromatography에 의하면 소나무 잣나무 리기다소나무에서는 13개(個)의 spot기외(其外)의 소나무류(類)에서는 12개(個)의 spot가 자외선형광등(紫外線螢光燈) $3,600{\AA}$과 $2,537{\AA}$하(下)에서 나타났다. 소나무 잣나무 리기다소나무의 8번째 spot는 다른소나무류(類)와 소나무류외(類外)의 수종(樹種)(밤나무 아가시아 편백 희마라야시-다)에서는 나타나지 않았으며 특(特)히 소나무의 8번째 spot는 자외선형광등(紫外線螢光燈) $2,537{\AA}$하(下)에서 cobalt blue의 강(强)한 형광(螢光)을 발(發)하였다.