• 상하수도학회지
• /
• 제29권1호
• /
• pp.65-75
• /
• 2015

In this study, cation and anion exchange process for performance evaluation was conducted. A pilot plant for the ultrpure water production was installed with the capacity of $25m^3/d$. The various production rate and regeneration of ion exchange rate were tested to investigate the design parameters. The test resulst was applied to calculate the operating costs. Changing the flow rate of the ion exchange capacity of the reproduction reviewed the cation exchange process as opposed to the design value is 120 to 164% efficiency, whereas both anion exchange process is 82 to 124% efficiency, respectively. This results can be applied for more large scale plant if the scale up parameters are consdiered. The ion exchange capacity of the application in accordance with the design value characteristic upon application equipment is expected to be needed. In this study, the performance of cation and anion exchange resin process was evaluated with pilot plant($25m^3/d$). The ion exchange capacity along with space velocity and regeneration volume was evaluated. In results, the operation results was compared with design parameters.

• 한국농공학회지
• /
• 제43권4호
• /
• pp.113-119
• /
• 2001

Ammonia emissions during composting of hog manure mixed with sawdust were studied in four runs comprising a total of 22 pilot-scale reactor vessels. These four runs extended previous work and both verified and extended the previous conclusions. The pilot-scale vessels were 205 L insulated stainless steel drums that were aerated either continuously (high/low thermostatically controlled fans) or intermittently (5 min high fan 55 min off). Temperature ammonia emissions air flow rates carbon dioxide production and oxygen utilization moisture and dry matter reduction initial and final chemical compositions were measured. Ammonia emissions from the intermittently aerated vessels were only about 50% as great as those from the continuously aerated ones but this was found to be a result more related to total air flow than to aeration technique. All of the data for total result more related to total air flow were fitted with a linear regression line y=0.139x+29.835 where y is ammonia expressed as g of N and x is air flow in kg with $R^2$=0.6808. this general trend indicates that about 50% reduction in ammonia emissions can be achieved with 75% reduction in air flow. For the aeration techniques used the minimum oxygen level in te exhaust gas from the vessels was 5% and this is probably a resonable lower limit constraining air flow reduction. However within this constraint lower air flow now appears to be a technique that can reduce odorous ammonia emissions.

• 에너지공학
• /
• 제29권1호
• /
• pp.58-62
• /
• 2020

연소 배기가스 중 온실가스의 원인이 되는 이산화탄소를 회수하여 활용하며 상업적으로도 가치가 큰 프로필렌카보네이트(Propylene Carbonate)를 합성하는 연구를 수행하였다. 상업적으로 프로필렌카보네이트 생산 적용이 가능한 균일계 유기 촉매와 반응 조건을 이용하여 pilot scale로 실험을 진행하였으며, 상업적으로 적용 가능한 최적의 촉매 및 농도, 반응 온도 및 압력등의 공정조건을 확립 할 수 있었다. 환경 친화적인 공법이며, 촉매 제조에 가격 경쟁력이 있고, 촉매는 재사용이 가능하며, 기존 대비 낮은 온도 및 압력의 반응 조건으로 95% 이상의 높은 전환율과 99%이상의 순도로 제조 가능하기에 상업적으로 충분히 적용 가능한 공정임을 확인 할 수 있었다.

• 한국농공학회지
• /
• 제45권2호
• /
• pp.107-115
• /
• 2003

Dairy manure amended with crop and forest residues (moisture 69% wet basis, C/N 22) was composted in a 605 L pilot-scale vessel using continuous air flow (56 L/min) for 19 days. Three pilot-scale sawdust biofilters (moisture 63%, pH 5.0) were built to clean biological waste gas from the composting process. For each methods, two replicated experiments were monitored over a period of three weeks. The system was evaluated to determine the biofilter media depth that would be adequate for compost odour reduction. The compost air cleaning was measured based on ammonia gas concentration before and after passing through the biofilter. Ammonia gas removal efficiency over 3 weeks was 42, 75 and 87% at sawdust biofilter media depth levels of 202, 400 and 600 mm, respectively. Each sawdust biofilter was operated at a moisture content in the range of 60~62% (wb), a temperature from 15 to $25^{\circ}C$, an average pressure drop from 240 to 340 Pa and a detention time from 60 to 180 seconds during the biofiltration process.

• 멤브레인
• /
• 제12권3호
• /
• pp.151-157
• /
• 2002

본 연구는 하수를 공업용수로 재이용하기 위한 분리막 시스템 적용에 관한 연구이다. 정밀여과와 역삼투시스템으로 구성된 bench scale 실험장치를 이용하여 하수처리장 현장에서 실험을 수행한 결과, 정밀여과 시스템은 이온성분은 제거할 수 없었으나 SS를 70% 이상 처리할 수 있어 처리수는 직접냉각수로 재이용이 가능하였다. 그리고 역삼투 시스템은 SS는 물론 이온성분도 95% 이상 제거할 수 있어 처리수는 간접냉각수 및 제품세척수로 사용이 가능하였다. $100 m^3$/일 용량의 pilot Plant를 제작하기 위해서는 정밀여과 모듈은 20개, 역삼투 모듈은 12개가 필요하였다.

• 자원리싸이클링
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.36-44
• /
• 2003

전구용 필라멘트 제조 공정에서 발생되는 Mo함유 폐산 내에 암모니아 가스를 취입하여 유가금속인 Mo를 암모늄테트라몰리브데이트($_3$.2NH$4MoO_3$.$H_2$O) 형태로 침전 회수하고, 여과 후 발생되는 중화 여액을 활용하기 위한 연구를 수행하였다. 암모니아 중화법을 이용한 Mo 회수공정에 있어 다양한 공정 변수들에 의한 제품의 회수율, 순도, 입도 등 특성을 평가하였으며, 그 결과로부터 Mo 염의 회수율 99.5% 이상, 순도 99.5% 이상을 확보하기 위한 최적 조업조건을 도출하였다. Bench 및 Pilot규모의 실험을 통하여 상업화 가능성을 확인하였으며, 폐산의 중화반응 후 발생된 여액은 엽면시비용 액상 복합비료의 원료로 사용 가능함을 확인하였다.

• 폴리머
• /
• 제37권1호
• /
• pp.100-112
• /
• 2013

현재 일반화되어 있는 pilot scale의 복합체 생산설비에서 용융 삽입법으로 nylon 66/Cloisite 93A 나노복합체의 상용화 가능성을 확인하였으며, nylon 66에 Cloisite 93A 도입으로 인장 및 굴곡응력에 대한 강도와 탄성률이 향상되었고, 형태학적 및 결정화 거동의 분석을 통해 Cloisite 93A 함량, nylon 66 점도 및 그에 따른 결정화 거동이 주요 영향요소임을 확인하였다.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국해양정보통신학회 2011년도 추계학술대회
• /
• pp.425-428
• /
• 2011

본 논문에서는 간단한 Maximum Power Point Tracking이 적용된 micro-scale의 빛에너지 하베스팅 회로를 제안한다. 에너지 변환기로는 온칩 PV cell 대신 이와 비슷한 출력을 하는 초소형 PV cell을 사용하였다. 적용된 MPPT는 PV cell의 개방전압($V_{OC}$)와 MPP전압($V_{MPP}$)과의 관계를 이용하였고 이는 pilot PV cell을 이용함으로써 가능하였다. 설계결과 MPPT control을 적용했을 때 부하가 큰 경우에도 대략 $V_{MPP}$ 전압을 부하에 공급함으로써 부하에 연결된 회로가 정상적으로 동작하는 것을 확인하였다. 제안된 회로는 TSMC 0.18um CMOS 공정으로 설계되었다.

• 상하수도학회지
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.289-294
• /
• 2006

A pilot scale non-woven fabric filter separation activated sludge system was investigated for practical application on domestic wastewater reclamation and reuse. The system was operated in A/O (Anaerobic/Oxic) process with submerged filter module in the aerobic compartment. In the test of two types of filter materials ($70g/m^2$ and $35g/m^2$), the initial flux (0.42m/d) could be maintained for about three months by regular air backwashing of $70g/m^2$ filter at 0.3m water head. The removal efficiency of organic matter by the system was BOD 93.3%, CODcr 96.3%, SS 96.7%. The effluent quality was 7.8mg/L, 12mg/L and 5mg/L for BOD, CODcr and SS, respectively. The water quality was enough to meet a standard for domestic reuse without human contact. T-N removal efficiency was 49.9% at internal recycle rate 2Q and C/N ratio 3.3. The removal efficiency of T-P was 50% with average effluent concentration, 2.6mg/L.

• 한국물환경학회지
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.269-274
• /
• 2004

The performance of a newly designed wastewater treatment process equipped with an anaerobic and two intermittent aeration tanks operated alternately was investigated. During the experimental period, several types of cyclic operating schedules with different aeration and non aeration time were examined for the optimization. At all modes, the removals of organic matter and SS were highly achieved. With respect to T-N removal, however, the cycle length for aeration on/off affected the efficiencies. At the optimal operating mode, the ORP bending point indicating the disappearance of nitrate was observed. Considering the influent wastewater characteristics and cyclic operating schedules, it can be suggested that T-P removal is much more BOD/T-P ratio and/or its load dependant rather than the aeration on/off time. The results obtained from pilot-scale test showed the competitive advantage of this alternating process through an omission of nitrate recycle and operational flexibility against influent load variations when comparing with other continuous flow processes.