• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2003.07b
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• pp.735-738
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• 2003

Downsizing electronics requires precision position control with an accuracy of sub-micron order, which demands development of ultra-fine displacive devices. Piezoelectric transducer is one of devices transferring electric field energy into mechanical energy and being capable for fine displacement control. The transducer has been widely used as fine Position control device Multilayer piezoelectric actuator, one of typical piezo-transducer, is fabricated by stacking alternatively ceramic and electrode layers several hundred times followed by cofiring process. Electrode material should be tolerable in the firing process maintaining at ceramic-sintering temperatures up to $1100{\sim}1300^{\circ}C$. Ag-Pd can be used as stable electrode material in heat treatment above $960^{\circ}C$. Besides, adding small quantity ceramic powder allow the actuator to be fabricated in a good shape by diminishing shrinkage difference between ceramic and electrode layers, resulting in avoidance of crack and delamination at and/or nearby interface between ceramic an electrode layers. This study presents synthesis of nano-oxide-added Ag/Pd powders and its feasibility to candidate material tolerable at high temperature. The powders were formed in a co-precipitation process of Ag and Pd in nano-oxide-dispersed solution where Ag and Pd precursors are melted in $HNO_3$ acid.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1999.11d
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• pp.959-961
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• 1999

ZnO thin films are deposited by using an RF magnetron sputtering system. Structural and electrical properties are analyzed as a function of deposition conditions, such as RF power, Ar/($Ar+O_2$) ratio, and substrate temperature. The c-axial growth of ZnO is observed to be preferable to the $SiO_2$/Si substrate, rather than the Si substrate. By adding the oxygen gas during deposition, the electrical resistivity of films is increased, but the c-axial growth is inhibited. A pizoelectric resonator of Al/ZnO/Al is also fabricated to estimate the electric-mechanical coupling coefficient($k^2$) of ZnO film. The value of $k^2$ obtained from our work is about 10.14 %.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.148-148
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• 2017

Surface modification is a type of mechanical manipulation skills to achieve extensive aims including corrosion control, exterior appearance, abrasion resistance, electrical insulation and electrical conductivity of substrate materials by generating a protective surface using electrical, physical and chemical treatment on the surface of parts made from metallic materials. Such surface modification includes plating, anodizing, chemical conversion treatment, painting, lining, coating and surface hardening; this study conducted cavitation experiment to assess improvement of durability using anodizing. In order to observe surface characteristics with applied current density, the electrolyte temperature, concentration was maintained at constant condition. To prevent hindrance of stable growth of oxide layer due to local temperature increase during the experiment, stirring was maintained at constant speed. In addition, using galvanostatic method, it was maintained at processing time of 40minutes for 10 to $30mA/cm^2$. The cavitation experiment was carried out with an ultra sonic vibratory apparatus using piezo-electric effect with modified ASTM-G32. The peak-to-peak amplitude was $30{\mu}m$ and the distance between the horn tip and specimen was 1mm. The specimen after the experiment was cleaned in an ultrasonic bath, dried in a vacuum oven for more than 24 hours, and weighed with an electric balance. The surface damage morphology was observed with 3D analysis microscope. As a result of the study, differences were observed surface hardness and anti-cavitation characteristics depending on the development of oxide film with the anodizing process time.

• Composites Research
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.1-9
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• 1999

The piezoelectric material connected to external electric networks possesses frequency dependent stiffness and loss factor which are also affected by the shunting circuit. The external electric networks are generally specialized for two shunting circuits: one is the case of a resistor alone and the other is the combination of a resistor and an inductor. For resistive shunting, the material properties exhibit frequency dependency similar to viscoelastic materials, but are much stiffer and more independent of temperature. Shunting with a resistor and inductor introduces an electrical resonance, which can change the characteristics of structural resonance optimally in a manner analogous to a PMD (proof mass damper). Passive damping enhancement of composite beam using piezoelectric material connected to external electrical networks is achieved and presented in this paper.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.229-251
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• 2020

In this paper, dynamic buckling of a smart sandwich nanotube is studied. The nanostructure is composed of a carbon-nanotube with inner and outer surfaces coated with ZnO piezoelectric layers, which play the role of sensor and actuator. Nanotube is under magnetic field and ZnO layers are under electric field. The nanostructure is located in a viscoelastic environment, which is assumed to obey Visco-Pasternak model. Non-local piezo-elasticity theory is used to consider the small-scale effect, and Kelvin model is used to describe the structural damping effects. Surface stresses are taken into account based on Gurtin-Murdoch theory. Hamilton principle in conjunction with zigzag shear-deformation theory is used to obtain the governing equations. The governing equations are then solved using the differential quadrature method, to determine dynamic stability region of the nanostructure. To validate the analysis, the results for simpler case studies are compared with others reported in the literature. Then, the effect of various parameters such as small-scale, surface stresses, Visco-Pasternak environment and electric and magnetic fields on the dynamic stability region is investigated. The results show that considering the surface stresses leads to an increase in the excitation frequency and the dynamic stability region happens at higher frequencies.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.623-628
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• 2011

Micro EDM(Electric Discharge Machining) is one of the most powerful technologies which are capable of fabricating micro-structure without any problems from high cutting force. However, there is a significant defect in the part machining with deep holes or pockets, because debris which are generated by electric discharging may frequently cause a short circuit between an electrode and workpiece material. Vibration flushing can reduce the undesirable phenomena with dynamic flow of EDM fluid in a deep and choked area. In this study, Vibration flushing with solenoid is suggested and the results show that the method can generate a remarkable EDM efficiency with high amplitude at a low frequency in comparison with current vibration flushing methods with high frequency using piezo actuators.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.50-56
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• 2003

It is well known that a partial-discharge(PD) in insulation oil is the source of various physical and chemical phenomena, such as heat, light, gas, chemical transformation, electric current, electromagnetic radiation and ultrasonics. The PD can be detected by measuring one of these changes. Although some techniques are employed in this purpose, several obstacles interfere with an on-line measurement. Ultrasonic-wave detection is a useful method for the diagnosis of the transformer-insulation condition. Conventionally, ulyrasonic waves are detected by Piezo-electric transducer, but we use optical method that has many advantages. In this paper, we constructed a Mach-Zehnder interferometer with optical fiber and investigated the principle of operation. Test arrangement is based on the needle-plane electrode system in oil and applied AC high voltage. Ultrasonic waves were detected and analyzed with wavelet transform.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.579-590
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• 2018

Size-dependent free vibration responses and magneto-electro-elastic bending results of a three layers piezomagnetic curved beam rest on Pasternak's foundation are presented in this paper. The governing equations of motion are derived based on first-order shear deformation theory and nonlocal piezo-elasticity theory. The curved beam is containing a nanocore and two piezomagnetic face-sheets. The piezomagnetic layers are imposed to applied electric and magnetic potentials and transverse uniform loadings. The analytical results are presented for simply-supported curved beam to study influence of some parameters on vibration and bending results. The important parameters are spring and shear parameters of foundation, applied electric and magnetic potentials, nonlocal parameter and radius of curvature of curved beam. It is concluded that the increase in radius of curvature tends to an increase in the stiffness of curved beam and consequently natural frequencies increase and bending results decrease. In addition, it is concluded that with increase of nonlocal parameter of curved beam, the stiffness of structure is decreased that leads to decrease of natural frequency and increase of bending results.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.512-517
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• 2006

A reliable linear translation system was constructed. The system has six piezo legs, attached to a main body, holding a hexagonal sapphire rod. The sapphire rod moves either forward or backward with the sequential motion of the piezo legs, driven by characteristic electric voltage waves. The translational system was tested in vertical direction. The speed of the sapphire rod was turned out to be constant during several mm travel. The slowest upward speed was measured to be ${\sim}1.7{\times}10^{-6}m/s$, yielding ${\sim}28.3nm/step$, while the slowest upward speed was ${\sim}3.7{\times}10^{-6}m/s$, with ${\sim}61.7nm/step$, due to gravitational force. The velocity increases linearly, as the amplitude of the voltage waves increases. The linear translation system will be used as a coarse approach part for a scanning tunneling microscope.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.08a
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• pp.1142-1146
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• 2004

The ultra precision linear stage is an essential device in the fields of MEMS and Bio technology. A piezo electric motor is widely used for its better linear characteristics, faster response time, and smaller size than conventional electro-magnetic actuator. We develop a new inchworm type motor to implement an actuator-integrated a long stroke linear stage which can move fast. To implement a servo system, we use a heterodyne interferometer as a position sensor, and we propose a new measurement technique using I/Q demodulator, and we propose a counting method to measure the position of fast moving object with low cost circuitry. The characteristics of the actuator and servo system are evaluated by measuring its displacement with a commercial laser interferometer.