• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.532-538
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• 2007

In order to establish the standard symptoms in men and women and highly frequent symptoms(HFS) of Phlegm(痰) Blood Stasis(血於) Cold(寒) Heat(熱) Dryness(濕) pathogenesis(病機), 969 questionnaires were analyzed through Cronbach alpha value and Pearson's correlative efficient. The Cronbach ${\alpha}$ value of each pathogensesis was Phlegm(0.83500)${\cdot}$Cold(0.823272)${\cdot}$Heat(0.816344)${\cdot}$Dampness(0.760292)${\cdot}$Blood Stasis(0.692551)${\cdot}$Dryness(0.672783) respectively. Through this study of frequency number of symptoms, followings were found that the physiological differences of men and women made some differences of main symptoms in each pathogenesis, and the differences of several clinical symptoms in a pathogenesis were resulted from the difference of specimens between textbook and this study.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.30 no.8
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• pp.976-980
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• 2001

Objectives : For Parkinsonian patients who had not reacted favorably on drug therapy are good candidate for ventroposterolateral pallidotomy, although not curative. We studied these patients after unilateral pallidotomy, to confirm the effectiveness and safety of this procedure. Methods : We evaluated the 17 patients with idiopathic Parkinson's diesease who had undergone unilateral posteroventral pallidotomy. All patients responded to levodopa initially. Mean age was 55 years(38-75years), and mean duration of disease was 9.8 years(3-20years). Pre-and postoperative evaluation at 3 month intervals included Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating scale(UPDRS) scoring, Hoehn and Yahr(H & Y) staging, and neuropsychological examinations. Results : Pallidotomy significantly improved parkinsonian symptom(tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, dyskinesia, sensory symptom). Nine of 10 patients who showed dyskinesia preoperatively significant improvement. The mean dose of levodopa in 9 patients was lowered. The mean H & Y score and UPDRS score were improved in on and/or off time in 15 patients. Among patients who were not improved, one patient worsened, and the others showed no change. The mean overall UPDRS off score changed from 76 preoperatively to 44(33%) at 6 months and from 70 to 52(25%) at 1 year. Transient surgical morbidity was showen in four patients and included dysarthria, hypotonia and confusion. Conclusion : We conclude that pallidotomy is safe and effective in patients who have levodopa-reponsive parkinsonism with severe symptom fluctuation. Unilateral pallidotomy also considered helpful to ipsilateral symptom. Unilateral pallidotomy can improve all of parkinsonian's symptom and allow to reduce the levodopa medication. Most of patients show satisfactory results.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.138-143
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• 2011

In spite of abundant clinical resources of stroke patients, the objective and logical data analyses or diagnostic systems were not established in oriental medicine. As a part of researches for standardization and objectification of differentiation of syndromes for stroke, in this present study, we tried to develop the statistical diagnostic tool discriminating the 4 subtypes of syndrome differentiation using the essential indices considering the sex. Discriminant analysis was carried out using clinical data collected from 1,448 stroke patients who was identically diagnosed for the syndrome differentiation subtypes diagnosed by two clinical experts with more than 3 year experiences. Empirical discriminant model(V) for different sex was constructed using 61 significant symptoms and sign indices selected by stepwise selection. We comparison. We make comparison a between discriminant model(V) and discriminant model(IV) using 33 significant symptoms and sign indices selected by stepwise selection. Development of statistical diagnostic tool discriminating 4 subtypes by sex : The discriminant model with the 24 significant indices in women and the 19 significant indices in men was developed for discriminating the 4 subtypes of syndrome differentiation including phlegm-dampness, qi-deficiency, yin-deficiency and fire-heat. Diagnostic accuracy and prediction rate of syndrome differentiation by sex : The overall diagnostic accuracy and prediction rate of 4 syndrome differentiation subtypes using 24 symptom and sign indices was 74.63%(403/540) and 68.46%(89/130) in women, 19 symptom and sign indices was 72.05%(446/619) and 70.44%(112/159) in men. These results are almost same as those of that the overall diagnostic accuracy(73.68%) and prediction rate(70.59%) are analyzed by the discriminant model(IV) using 33 symptom and sign indices selected by stepwise selection. Considering sex, the statistical discriminant model(V) with significant 24 symptom and sign indices in women and 19 symptom and sign indices in men, instead of 33 indices would be used in the field of oriental medicine contributing to the objectification of syndrome differentiation with parsimony rule.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.403-410
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• 2018

Lifestyle of adolescents cause a lot of health effects in the future. Therefore, in Korea, school health law was enacted and relevant business such as school education program is being carried out. This study was conducted to recognize symptom according to grade. A survey of youth health status was conducted at 19 middle and high schools in Seongnam city from May 2015 to December 2015. The survey made up of 14 questions which was about the health status satisfaction on the adolescent was conducted to investigate frequency by year and the respective health status of 6 grades. A total of 9,584 students responded to the survey, 58.22% answered that they were not free of constipation. 25.69% of respondents had no symptoms of headache, consequently over 70% of respondents had headache. 57.06% of respondents had no symptoms of low back pain and 34.7% had no symptoms of neck & shoulder pain, therefore over 50% of respondents had muscular skeletal symptoms. In menstrual history, only 17.95% of respondents said their period was regular and painless. In respiratory history, except cold, no nasal drop & obstruction has appeared in the group of 54.02%. And 62.97% of respondents had persistent cough usually with cold and 23.41% had cough with cold breeze even if not catch cold. In the third grade of high school students, there were many complaints of pain in various parts such as headache, back pain and shoulder pain, neck pain and menstrual pain, and there was a high rate of complaints of digestive system symptom and defecation symptom. More than half of respondent had constipation discomfort, headache and musculo-skeletal symptoms, menstrual problems and cough. In the third grade of high school students, the rate of complaints of pain complaints, digestive system symptoms, and bowel symptoms was high. Therefore, there is a need for measures and management for continuous health care and health promotion in accordance with students' symptoms and age at each grade level.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.439-444
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• 2009

This study was to set the guidelines of soil chemical components in order to assure the safety and quality of the panax ginseng from physiological disorder. The disorder symptoms appeared on the leaf with yellow spot, atrophy, yellow-brown spot, also showed red skin and rough skin of the root. Occurrence type of physiological disorder in cultivated field divided into two types : type I 'such as, yellow spot' consist of single disorder symptom; type II 'such as, yellow spot and yellow-brown spot' consist of two or more different disorder symptoms. The individual contribution of soil properties to the occurrence type was as follows ; The yellow spot was affected by Na > $NO_3$-N > salinity (EC) in soil. The same results was observed in red skin. Atrophy was affected by $NO_3$-N > salinity (EC) > Ca > Mg. Rough skin was affected by $P_2O_5$>pH>Organic material > K. It showed positive associated to $P_2O_5$, pH and K, but negative associated to organic matter. Simultaneous occurrence of two different disorder, including cases which yellow spot and yellow-brown spot, those were affected by $NO_3$-N > salinity (EC) > Na > Mg. In the case of atrophy plus yellow-brown spot, those also were affected by in the order : $NO_3$-N > salinity (EC) > Ca > Mg > Na. Red-rough skin was affected in the order : salinity (EC) > $NO_3$-N > K > Na. Soil chemical components appear to be related to occurrence of physiological disorder, particularly in salinity (EC) and $NO_3$-N. The salinity (EC) and $NO_3$-N were negative related to plant growth. In addition, exchangeable cation capacity play critical roles in attributing to complex occurrence of physiological disorder.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.258-266
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• 2017

Purpose: The study aimed to examine quality of sleep in hemodialysis patients and explore physical, physiological, and psychological factors determining sleep quality. Methods: The survey was conducted among 165 patients on maintenance hemodialysis at a university hospital. Data were collected from July to October in 2015. The sleep quality and its related factors were assessed by standardized questionnaires, anthropometric measures, and lab tests after obtaining a written consent from the participant. Results: The mean age of the participants was 62.58 years old, and 67.9% of the participants experienced sleep disorders such as 'not falling asleep within 30 minutes' or 'frequently waking up at night'. Pain (t=-3.29, p=.007) and depression (t=-6.028, p<.001) were significantly different between the group with sleep disorder and the other without. The demographic factors (age, shared room, sleep during the day), physical factors (pain and symptom), and psychological factors (depression and trait and status anxiety) together explained 20.0% of variance in sleep quality. Conclusion: Sleep disorder was frequently experienced among the patients on maintenance hemodialysis. The effective nursing strategies should focus on sleep environment, pain and depression management. Further study is warranted to explore the effect of physiological factors related to the disease on sleep disorder in this population.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.845-850
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• 2002

This paper suggest a methodology for representation of findings which can be called as signs and symptoms. A finding consists of unit signs and unit symptoms, and moreover findings which appear in one individual patient have so many different relationship each other. So, it is nat appropriate to list all of possible findings as medical standard or to fill findings as independent things in paper for medical record. We try to distinguish finding item from finding list, and suggest the methodology by which we can make finding list from finding items. That is, we suggest finding item[Concept], value types, relationship, logical operator, and syntax as a component of representation. And by using urinary symptom, we make the example for representation methodology. Finally, we mention the background knowledge, brief research process of related area.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.16-19
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• 2014

The presbyphonia is a combination of physiological and structural changes due to aging of the larynx in elderly patients with voice problems. Some of these changes are inevitable, while others may be avoidable or reversible. The fatigue of phonation is the most common clinical symptom of the aging voice. The voice problems with aging are produced from variable causes including the organic lesions of the larynx. It is essential that the curers understand physiologic and pathologic changes of aging voice for minimizing glottal incompetence and improving vocal performance and quality of life of the elderly.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.773-776
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• 2011

This study was focused on a certain clinical symptom, which could applicated by Pyeongwi-san, and the radical treatment. Pyeongwi-san is applicable to dampness retention in the spleen and stomach, accompanied by abdominal fullness, anorexia, nausea and regurgitation. Main action of Pyeongwi-san is to dry dampness, invigorate the spleen, promote the flow of gi, and regulate the stomach. The herbal remedy drying dampness like Pyeongwi-san however, is just indicatio symptomatica therefore radical treatment must be used together. Jeunginmaegchi, a medical book written by Gyeong-Myeong Jin, who was lived in Myeong dynasty. This book contains many clinical applicable symptoms and constituents derived from Pyeongwi-san. The herbal prescriptions composing Pyeongwi-san is composed of Changchul, Hubak, Jinpi, Gamcho. The major action of these herbs is drying dampness. Therefore, it shoud be seriously consider that curative therapy must eliminate the cause of endogenous dampness.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.898-902
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• 2010

This study is performed to report that oriental medical treatment was effective to the patient with piriformis syndrome after traffic accident. The patient was diagnosed as piriformis syndrome by considering clinical symptom, clinical history, physical examination, radiologic study and NCV EMG study. We applied acupuncture, herbal medicine, cupping, Chuna manipulation and exercise to the patient. After treatment, VAS decreased, and physical examination sign was disappeared. This result suggest that oriental medical treatment can be effective to piriformis syndrome.