• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.46-54
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• 2002

천안시내에 식재된 가로수의 건강도를 진단하기 위하여 몇 가지 생리적 특성을 측정하고, 형성층 전기저항치와 생리적 특성들간의 관계를 밝히고자 하였다. 은행나무, 벚나무, 버드나무를 대상수종으로 선정하였고. 7월에 대상 수종의 하부 토양을 채취하여 탈수소효소 활성을 분석하였으며, 수관의 잎은 엽록소 함량, 질산환원 효소, 항산화효소(SOD) 활성을 분석하는데 이용하였다. 수목의 형성층 전기전항치는 5월, 7월, 9월에 측정하였다. 토양의 탈수소효소 활성은 도심지역에서 낮은 값을 나타내 토양 오염도를 반영하였으며. 엽록소 함량은 동서대로에 식재된 벚나무가 가장 낮았다. 은행나무의 질산환원효소 활성은 다른 수종보다 높았으며 도심지역에서 높은 활성을 나타냈다. 또한 항산화효소인 SOD 활성은 도심에서 낮았다. 동서대로의 벚나무는 형성층 전기저항치가 지속적으로 상승하여 활력을 상실하였음을 보여주었다. 형성층 전기저항치는 질산환원효소($r^2$=-0.566) 및 SOD활성($r^2$=0.579)과 상관을 보임으로써 수목의 건강도 및 생리적 건강 상태를 진단하는데 유용할 것으로 판단되었다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.776-787
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• 2020

This study investigated physiological and subjective responses to different types of firefighter station uniforms made with various designs and materials. Six healthy males participated in this study that consisted of 20 min of rest, 30 min of treadmill exercise, and 30 min of recovery in a hot and humid environment (34℃ and 65%RH). The experimental clothing conditions were as follows. 1) a fitted T-shirt and trouser made of 100% polyester (FC-Uniform), and 2) flame retardant T-shirts made of acrylic and cotton as well as trousers with aramid and polyester, designed for overfitting (Control). There were no significant differences in the body temperature, and sweat rate between the two conditions; however, the heart rate with the FC-Uniform was significantly lower than Control (p=.025). The clothing microclimate temperature at the chest of the FC-Uniform was significantly lower than the Control (p=.037), and a difference of 1℃ was maintained until the recovery was complete. There were no significant differences in the subjective responses; however, participants experienced a humidity sensation faster with FC-Uniform in the recovery phase. The results indicate that changes in the design and material of firefighter station uniforms may have a positive influence on reducing the thermal stress of firefighters.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.866-876
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• 2019

This study examined the physiological and psychological effects of wearing gloves at rest in a cold environment. Seven elderly females participated in two separate trials: wearing gloves (WG) and bare hands (BH). The experiment was conducted for 60 min in a climatic chamber (air temperature 7.8±0.3℃ with 44±2%RH) with a sedentary posture. Microclimate temperature on the left palm was 4.16℃ higher in WG compared to that in BH (p<.1). Microclimate temperature on the chest during the last 5 min increased compared to the initial 5 min only in WG (p<.05). During the last 5 min, skin temperatures at the arm and hand in WG were higher than those in BH (p<.05). There was no statistical difference in the change of rectal temperature between WG and BH. Heart rate in BH was significantly higher compared to the WG (p<.05). Subjects also felt less cold on the whole body and hand in WG than those in BH (p<.05). The findings indicate that wearing gloves for elderly females affected the distribution of skin temperature and cardiovascular response in cold environments. Elderly females should be informed about the importance of wearing gloves through the clothing guideline in winter.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.237-246
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• 2015

대한민국은 도시화 과정과 인접 국가에서부터 대기를 통한 유입 등으로 납과 같은 중금속의 토양 오염 문제가 관심을 받고 있다. 이에 가로수 수종으로 많이 쓰이고 있는 자생종 4종을 대상으로 토양 내 납 오염에 대한 엽록소 함량, 항산화 효소, 광합성량, 생물량과 같은 생리-생태적인 반응과 흡수능력을 연구하여 납 오염에 대응하는 가로수로 적합한 수종을 제시하고자 하였다. 연구 대상종인 은행나무, 왕벚나무, 느티나무, 이팝나무는 200 mg Pb/kg 이상의 처리구에서 엽록소 함량, 항산화 효소에서 납 독성에 대한 반응을 보였다. 반면에 생물량이나 광합성량의 경우 고농도 (5,000 mg/kg)를 제외하고는 큰 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 특히 은행나무는 항산화 효소, 광합성 및 생물량에서 고농도에서도 납의 부정적인 영향이 나타내지 않았다. 실제 환경에서 나타날 수 있는 저농도 처리구에서 은행나무와 벚나무의 경우 연구 대상종 중 높은 납 흡수율을 보였다. 이처럼 은행나무와 같이 납에 대한 저항력과 흡수능력을 가진 수종을 선발하여 가로수로 식재하여 도로 주변 납 오염에 대응하는 방안이 필요할 것이다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.343-350
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• 2007

This study compared and studied the clothing mobility of two types of aerobic clothes - those made of currently popular stretch materials and those made of new stretch materials that were specially developed for this study. The focus of the comparison was on the range of joint movement during activity, and the physiological burden imposed on the body by the clothes. In total, 18 experiments were carried out under controlled conditions in an artificial climatic chamber with a temperature of $25{\pm}1^{\circ}C$, air humidity of $60{\pm}5^{\circ}C$ and negligible air movement. Each exercise program consisted of a 30-minute of aerobic workout and a 20-minute rest following the exercise. Measurements were taken to determine the following: physiological reactions (whole-body and local sweat rates), subjective sensations(of temperature, humidity, comfort, tightness, and clothing wetness), joint angle(measured with a goniometer), and so on. The results of the study us as follows: Material B excels in clothing mobility. Material C excels in sweat absorbency and drying speed. Material A was found to be the hottest material, while material C was found to be slightly hot through the analysis of the change in pre- and post-exercise bodyweight(= amount of sweat). Regarding the amount of evaporated sweat, material A>material C>material B. Material B produced the smallest amount of evaporated sweat. The wider the range of joint movement, the smaller the amount of sweat and the lower the average skin temperature.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.241-249
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• 2023

Background: This study analyzed the drought responses of five forest tree species grown in Korean peninsula, Korean fir Abies koreana (Ak), eastern white pine Pinus strobus (Ps), keyaki Zelkova serrata (Zs), tulip tree Liriodendron tulipifera (Lt), and Japanese elm Ulmus japonica (Uj). Physiological (chlorophyll, root collar diameter [RCD]) and biochemical responses (non-structural carbohydrates, proline, lipid peroxidase and abscisic acid [ABA]) of the plants grown under mild (MD) and severe drought (SD) were compared. Results: In this study, three soil moisture regimes: control (100% precipitation), MD (60% reduction in precipitation) and SD (20% reduction in precipitation) were applied. Soil moisture content showed high water content in control site compared to MD and SD. A decline in RCD was found for Korean fir, keyaki, and tulip plants, with eastern white pine and Japanese elm showing no significant decline to the prolonged drought exposure (both MD and SD). Total chlorophyll showed a significant decline in Korean fir and tulip, with the sugar levels indicating a significant increase in Korean fir and keyaki species under SD compared to control plants. Non-significant decline in sugar level was noted for eastern white pine and Japanese elm. High accumulation of ABA, malondealdehyde and proline was noted in Korean fir, tulip, and keyaki under SD compared to control. Signs of tree mortality was only observed in Korean fir under MD (38%) and SD (43%). Conclusions: The observed findings indicate the drought responses of five tree species. The majority of the morpho-physiological (especially mortality) and biochemical variables assessed in our study indicate superior long-term drought resistance of Ps and Uj compared to the highly sensitive Ak, and moderately sensitive Lt and Zs. The results provided will help species selection for afforestation programs and establishment of sustainable forests, especially of drought-tolerant species, under increased frequency and intensity of spring and summer droughts.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.149-158
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• 2009

American sycamore seedlings were grown in chambers with two different ozone concentrations ($O_3$-free air and air with additional $O_3$) for 45 days. Both the control and the $O_3$ chambers included non-fertilized and fertilized plants. After 18 days of $O_3$ fumigation, seedlings were placed in a clean chamber for 27 days. Seedlings under ozone fumigation showed a significant decrease in pigment contents and photosynthetic activity, and a significant increase in lipid peroxidation. Fertilization enhanced physiological damage such as the inhibition of photosynthetic activity and the increase of lipid peroxidation under ozone fumigation. During the recovery phase, the physiological damage level of seedlings increased with ozone fumigation. In addition, physiological damage was observed in the fertilized seedlings. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities of $O_3$-treated seedlings increased up to 33.8% and 16.3% in the fertilized plants. The increase of SOD activity was higher in the fertilized plants than in the non-fertilized plants. Negative effects of ozone treatment were observed in the biomass of the leaves and the total dry weight of the fertilized sycamore seedlings. The $O_3$-treated seedlings decreased in stem, root and total dry weight, and the loss of biomass was statistically significant in the fertilized plants. In conclusion, physiological disturbance under normal nutrient conditions has an effect on growth response. In contrast, in conditions of energy shortage, although stress represents a physiological inhibition, it does not seem to affect the growth response.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.419-424
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• 2001

The Antarctic clam Laternula elliptica, is one of the most representative benthic invertebrates in the Antarctic nearshore waters. Endemic to the Antarctic, L. elliptica is widely distributed around the Antarctica occurring as dense patches in shallow sheltered areas and exhibits high biomass. Despite its apparent ecological importance, L. elliptica has rarely been studied until recently probably due to difficulties in sampling in the ice-impacted waters. Recent studies have revealed various aspects of its ecology and physiology. In this review, some physiological and ecological characteristics of this species are discussed in relation to some prevailing features of its habitat environment, in particular physical instability of habitat substrates and extreme seasonality of food availability.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.343-348
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• 1999

Populus euramericana has been identified as a possible species for use for phytoremediation of landfills. To identify the effects of waste leachate on the growth and physiological characteristics of Populus euramericana. four different treatments were applied to Populus euramericana seedlings: leachate solution (100% leachate). 25% dilution (75% leachate: 25% water. v/v), 50% dilution (50% leachate: 50% water. v/v) and control (100% tab water) were applied to Populus euramericana. Treatment with waste leachate significantly stimulated Populus euramericana height. diameter at root collar and biomass production relative to the water control. Chlorophyll contents. photosynthesis and transpiration of leachate irrigated-trees were significantly higher than those of water control. These results suggested that poplar could be a suitable species for phytoremediation in landfills because these species showed good growth performance and were capable of taking up waste leachate.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.239-244
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• 1997

Hybrid poplar (Populus trichocarpa $\times$ P. deltoides) clones were fumigated with ozone. Fumigation was applied for 6 to 8 hours each day for approximately 3 months at ozone concentrations of 0.090 to 0.115 ppm using by open-top chambers. Growth and biomass of hybrid poplar seedlings were reduced by ozone exposure. Mean percentage of falling leaves in ozone-treated plant was 6 times higher than that of charcoal-filtered plant. Among physiological responses, rate of photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration and initial Rubisco activity were significantly lower in seedlings grown in ozone environment compared seedlings grown in charcoal-filtered air. All these physiological results supported that biochemical process to be a key feature to understand reduction in photosynthesis.