• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.391-401
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of electrical stimulation(EST) on MAP2(Microtubule Associated Protein 2) expression in cerebral cortex following sciatic nerve crush injury in rats. Twelve Sprague-Dawley adult female rats, six for control and six for experimental, were anesthetized and their sciatic nerves were crushed. The electrical stimulation (EST) was applicated with 3 Hz for 10 minuties in a day for muscles innervated sciatic nerve. The MAP2 expression in cerebral cortex was identified from immunohistochemistry against MAP2. The result of this study were as follow: 1) In control group, MAP2 immunoreactive neurons were observed but there no significant increase for 3 days. 2) MAP2 immunoreactive neurons were increased markably in experimental group than control group. 3) MAP2 immunoreactive neurons were increased markably after applicating with EST in sciatic nerve crush injury induced group from 2nd day. This study showed that the application of EST for muscles after sciatic nerve crushed injury made MAP2 immunoreactive neurons in the cerebral cortex increased. Therefore, the electrical stimulation on the peripheral site, denervated muscle, may facilitate MAP2 expression in the cerebral cortex.

• Proceedings of the Botanical Society of Korea Conference
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• 1995.07a
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• pp.171-182
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• 1995

• Advances in materials Research
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.211-220
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• 2024

Polylactic acid or polylactide (PLA) is a biodegradable thermoplastic that can be produced from renewable material to create various components for industrial purposes. In 3D printing technology, PLA is used due to its good mechanical, electrical, printing properties, environmentally friendly and non-toxic properties. However, the physical properties and excellent electrical insulation properties of PLA have limited its application. In this study, with the carbon black (CB) as filler added into PLA, the lattice spacing and morphology were investigated by using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM), respectively. The physical properties of PLA-carbon composite were evaluated by using tensile test, shore D hardness test and density and voids measurement. Impedance test was conducted to investigate the electrical properties of PLA-Carbon composites. The results demonstrate that the inclusion of carbon black as filler enhances the physical properties of the PLA-carbon composites, including tensile properties, hardness, and density. The addition of carbon black also leads to improved electrical conductivity of the composites. Better enhancement toward the electrical properties of PLA-carbon composites is observed with 1wt% of carbon black in N774 grade. The N550 grade with 2wt% of carbon black shows better improvement in the physical properties of PLA-carbon composites, achieving 10.686 MPa in tensile testing, 43.330 in shore D hardness test, and a density of 1.200 g/cm3 in density measurement. The findings suggest that PLA-carbon composites have the potential for enhanced performance in various industrial applications, particularly in sectors requiring improved physical and electrical properties.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.189-193
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• 2020

An MR-based attenuation correction (MRAC) map plays an important role in quantitative positron emission tomography (PET) image evaluation in PET/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) systems. However, the MRAC map is affected by the magnetic field inhomogeneity of MRIs. This study aims to evaluate the characteristics of MRAC maps of physical phantoms on PET/MRI images. Phantom measurements were performed using the Siemens Biograph mMR. The modular type physical phantoms that provide assembly versatility for phantom construction were scanned in a four-channel Body Matrix coil. The MRAC map was generated using the two-point Dixon-based segmentation method for whole-body imaging. The modular phantoms were scanned in compact and non-compact assembly configurations. In addition, the phantoms were scanned repeatedly to generate MRAC maps. The acquired MRAC maps show differently assigned values for void areas. An incorrect assignment of a void area was shown on a locally compact space between phantoms. The assigned MRAC values were distorted using a wide field-of-view (FOV). The MRAC values also differed after repeated scans. However, the erroneous MRAC values appeared outside of phantom, except for a large FOV. The MRAC map of the phantom was affected by phantom configuration and the number of scans. A quantitative study using a phantom in a PET/MRI system should be performed after evaluation of the MRAC map characteristics.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.173-179
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• 1987

Ti plasmids were isolated from three strains of Agrobacterium tumefaciens in Korea and their types and molecular weights were determined. All of these are octopine-type and their molecular weights are 44Kb (pTi 12), 180Kb (pTi 14) and 172Kb (pti 49), respectively. In order to construct physical map of pTi 12, pTi 12 was digested with restriction endonucleases Sma I and Hind III. Sma I degestion of pTi 12 produce 8 fragments and Hind III produced 10 fragments. Physical arrangements of these fragments was determined by Southern hybridization techniques.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.185-196
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• 2011

Exercise programs for elderly users are operated by each department and facility, but it is not enough to visualize exercise prescription and effect followed by elderly users physical conditions. The purpose of this study is to suggest exercise prescription for elderly users with a visual path map. A visual path map is to visually present types of users classified according to physical strength conditions, the process of exercise prescription, and effects of exercise. Exercise prescription is divided into four stages: analysis of physical conditions, exercise prescription by the visual path map, smart exercise prescription, and exercise for elderly users. The first stage, analysis of physical conditions is to classify physical conditions by each type by mechanically learning elderly users' physical test values. The second stage, exercise prescription by the visual path map, is to present exercise prescription suitable for elderly users' physical conditions. The third stage, smart exercise prescription, is to offer exercise prescription of the day when exercise is carried out using elderly users' smart phones in consideration of their situations. The fourth stage, exercise for elderly users, is to provide information by their smart phones when they exercise. In conclusion, this study will be able to induce elderly users to do continuous exercise by motivating them.

• ICROS
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.63-71
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• 1996

산업화가 고도화 될수록 공장 또는 사무자동화의 필요성이 늘어날수록 정보공유의 필요성이 중요시되는데 이런 필요성들은 통신의 발전을 촉발시키는데 중요한 촉매가 되었다. 공장자동화에 사용되는 통신방법 중에 FULL-MAP, MINI-MAP, ETHERNET 등 여러가지가 있지만, 그 중 1993년 11월부터 1994년 3월까지 일본의 재단법인 기계진흥협회 기술연구소내의 MAP Test Center에서 실시했던 MIN-MAP의 물리층(Physical Layer)규격에 의한 적합성 시험을 받으면서 얻은 시험항목과 문제점 및 해결방안을 적기로 한다.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.77-82
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• 2020

Most of the navigation in the vehicle has been developed based on a complex structure of PSF(Physical Storage Format) files, making it difficult to support incremental map updates. DB-based navigation is drawing attention as a next-generation navigation method to solve this problem. In DB-based navigation that supports incremental map updates, data fragmentation due to continuous map data updates can increase data access costs, which can lead to a decrease in search performance. In this paper, as one of the performance enhancement methods of DB-based navigation that supports incremental map updates, data fragmentation prevention techniques were presented and the performance improvement effect was verified through actual implementation.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics B
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• v.32B no.3
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• pp.1-10
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• 1995

In this paper, a fault-tolerant Mini-MAP system with high reliability is proposed. For fault-tolerance, the LLC sublayer, MAC sublayer, and physical layer of the Mini-MAP system are dualized. The detection of faults, the replacement of the failed network, and the management of the network are three major functions required for the dualization, and they are performed by ESM(Error Supervisory Machine), EMM(Error Management Machine), and NMM(Network Management Machine) of the proposed fault-tolerant Mini-MAP system, respectively. The ring maintenance function of the MAC sublayer is used for the detection of the faults. In the proposed fault-tolerant Mini-MAP system, the data are received from both of the dualized networks and transmitted to the selected one of the two. We analyze the reliability and the MTTF(Mean Time To Failure) of the proposed fault-tolerant Mini-MAP system and show that it has better performance compared to a general Mini-MAP system.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.23 no.61
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• pp.1-11
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• 2000

Ergonomic vehicle design is very important for driver's safety and sensibility. Many studies have emphasized the physical factors of human operator and usability of control devices. However, driver's cognitive factors such as the shape of cognitive map have not been well documented. The aim of this research is to find the relationship between the shape of Instrument Pane (IP) in driver's cognitive map and the real vehicle. To do this, Sketch Map Method (SMM), that is an extraction method of cognitive map, was employed to extract the shape of middle-aged driver's cognitive map. In this study, SMM was modified to formulate driver's cognitive map because this process is not being in the existing SMM. Next, correlation was analyzed between individual cognitive map and the shape of real vehicle's IP. The result showed that the position of volume control switch and cigar jack was similar between these but the position of others wasn't.