• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.77-82
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• 1975

This experiment was carried out to observe a biological effect of ginseng on the weight gain, physical performance and lactic acid production after exercise in mice. A group of mice weighing about 19 gm was divided into ginseng and cotrol group. on the treadmill (Exp. I & II) and LDH activity of liver and heart homogenates (Exp. II) were determined. Results are summerized as follows; 1. Body weight gain was greater id ginseng group than in control and the difference was statistically significant at 9th and 16th days of experimental period. 2. Maximal running time of ginseng was found to be longer than that of control (p<0.05) in experiment I and the experiment II also revealed the significant increase in maximal running time in ginseng group. 3. Bloo lactate concentration of 48 hour-rest from physical exertion was lower in ginseng group than in control (p<0.05). 4. LDH activity in liver homogenate was lower compared to control group, but in heart homogenate, it was greater in ginseng group. Above findings may be concluded tat the range of biological dose (20 mg/mice/day) of ginseng powder stimulated the body weight gain and increase of physical performance and its mechanism might be attributable to a lower level of blood lactic acid. The adaptive change of LDH activity also contributed to the change in lactate level in blood and tissue.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.151-160
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• 2008

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to know the muscle activation after sub-talar joint mobilition and active exercise, and the low leg muscle activity through the well-balanced interaction of ankle joint around muscle. Methods : For this study 61 experimental subjects are divided into 24 people of supination foot group, pronation foot group 17 people of, 20 people of control group through navicular drop test. Surface EMG was used in order to measure the muscle activities. following is the result of the data analysis about each experiment that has been carried on a week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, 4 weeks before, and even comparing with pre-experimental state. Results : In electromyogram study, the higher muscle activation there was before the experiment, the more muscle activation increase there was after the experiment in Tibialis Anterior, Peroneus Longus, Peroneus Brevis.(p<.05). Conclusion : This study shows the balanced activation of foot and ankle-around muscle. It shows that foot shape affects the balanced activation recovery of lower leg muscles.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.82-87
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of plank exercises with resistance of one-sided hip adduction on abdominal muscle thickness. Methods: Thirty subjects were divided into a group that underwent plank exercises with one-sided hip adduction resistance (n=15) and a group that underwent plank exercises only (n=15). Their changes in abdominal muscle thickness before the experiment (n=15) and three and six weeks after the experiment were analyzed using a two-way repeated analysis of variance at a statistical significance level of ${\alpha}=0.05$. When there was any interaction between the time of measurement and each group, post hoc t-tests were conducted at a statistical significance level of ${\alpha}=0.01$. Results: The results of the experiment showed statistically significant differences in the thickness of the rectus abdominis, internal oblique muscle, and transversus abdominis, depending on the time of measurement and the interaction between the time of measurement and each group (p<0.05). Statistically significant differences were observed in the thickness of the external oblique, depending on the time of measurement, the interaction between the time of measurement and each group, and variances between the groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that plank exercises with resistance of one-sided adduction are effective for increasing abdominal muscle thickness. The study's overall findings will likely be used as basic data for lumbar stabilization exercises and rehabilitation treatment.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.31-40
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• 2023

Background: The purpose of this study was to confirm the effect of bridge exercise combined with vibration on abdominal muscle thickness. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Methods: As study subjects, 24 adults in their 20s were classified into 12 vibration bridge exercise groups and 12 bridge exercise groups. The time was divided into before the experiment, 3 weeks after the experiment, and 6 weeks after the experiment. Two-way repeated ANOVA was used to examine changes in the muscle thickness of the external oblique, internal oblique, and transverse abdominal muscles of the trunk muscles, and the significance level was set at 0.05. If there was an interaction between time and group, post-hoc analysis was performed, and the significance level was set at 0.01. Results: There was a significant difference in the external oblique muscle in the change by period, the interaction between time and group, and the change between groups (p<0.05). There was a significant difference in the external oblique muscle in the change by period, the interaction between time and group, and the change between groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: As a result of this study, bridge exercise combined with vibration had a positive effect on the muscle thickness of the external oblique, internal oblique, and transversus abdominis muscles. It suggests the possibility of using the basic data of vibration exercise and the lumbar stabilization exercise in clinical practice.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.41-48
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• 2023

Background: This study examined the effects of the bridge exercise with trunk rotation on the thickness of body trunk muscles, including external oblique, internal oblique, and transverse abdominis in healthy male adults. Design: Randomized controlled trial Methods: Twenty-four men were evenly divided into a trunk rotation bridge exercise group and a basic bridge exercise group by drawing lots. The two groups performed the respective exercise for thirty minutes, three times a week for six weeks. repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used after distinguishing between three different time points before the experiment, three weeks after the experiment, and six weeks after the experiment. The significance level was set at 0.05. In case an interaction between time and group existed, the paired t-test was used to examine the within-group difference. The independent-sample t-test was used to check the between-group difference. The significance level was set at 0.05. Results: All the men showed a significant change over time in their external oblique, internal oblique, and transverse abdominis muscles. An interaction between time and group was also found (p<0.05). Conclusion: The bridge exercise with trunk rotation causes a meaningful difference in the thickness of external oblique, internal oblique, and transverse abdominis muscles. Therefore, this study proposes the use of this exercise for lower-back stabilization in future research and clinical settings.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.297-302
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of bridge exercise on the structural characteristics of trunk muscles in patients with lumbar pain by applying the exercise on either a stable or an unstable surface. Methods: Thirty subjects participated in the experiment and were randomly divided into an unstable bridge exercise group (UBEG) and a stable bridge exercise group (SBEG). The exercise program for each group was conducted three times a week over a six-week period. The structural characteristics of trunk muscles were measured by obtaining images using an ultrasound imaging device. Results: The thicknesses of the external oblique (EO), internal oblique (IO), and transverse abdominis (TrA) and the fiber angle of the erector spinae (ES) in the UBEG and the SBEG showed statistically significant increases in all items measured after the experiment. A comparison of groups conducted after the experiment to determine the effects of the exercise on each group showed no significant differences between groups for any of the measured items. Conclusion: A comprehensive review of the study results showed statistically significant increases in the thicknesses of the EO, IO, and TrA and the fiber angle of ES in both the UBEG and the SBEG. While the comparison of the groups with respect to the effects of the exercise revealed no significant differences, there were relatively larger effects in the UBEG than in the SBEG.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.29-36
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• 2015

Purpose : the purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of craniovertebral angle on bag strap length change method : this study is aimed at twenties healthy adult for 30 persons (male-8, female-22) research participant attach marks on tragus and cervical7 participant did not carry bag in First test. thereafter we take a picture mark point and measure the angle. immediately the second experiment was designed to carry back on participant's iliac crest and to walk freely for five minutes. afterward, we take a picture mark point and measure the angle. last experiment was performed after five minutes break. participants carried back on 10cm below participant's iliac crest and third experiment was performed the same way. results : Increase the length of the bag, craniovertebral angle is reduced and there is a significant difference between the three experiments.(p=.000) conclusion : when hold the back too long, Cervical spine cause temporary head forward posture. so carry on bag short.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.32-48
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the change of functional ambulation profile(FAP) and temporal-spatial gait parameters in hemiplegic patient by forceful respiratory exercise. 28 Hemiplegic patients due to stroke was randomized in 3 groups, forceful expiratory training(FET), forceful inspiratory training(FIT) and control group. In the experimental groups, ordinary physical therapy with forceful expiratory training and forceful inspiratory training for 20 minutes duration 3 times per week for 6 weeks were respectively performed. In the control group, only ordinary physical therapy was done. FAP and temporal-spatial gait parameters was measured at before and after experiments. The results of this experimental study were as follows : 1. In comparison of FAP before and after experiment, the FAP was significantly increased in the FET and FIT group (p<.01). In comparison of difference of FAP among 3 groups, there was the significant difference between the FIT group and the control group (p<.05). 2. The results of temporal-spatial gait parameters are as follows : 1) In comparison of gait velocity before and after experiment, the gait velocity was significantly increased in the FET and FIT group (p<.05). In comparison of difference of the gait velocity among 3 groups, there was the significantly difference between the FIT group and the control group (p<.05). 2) In comparison of gait cadence before and after experiment, the gait cadence was significantly increased in FIT group (p<.05). In comparison of the difference of the gait cadence among 3 groups, there was no significant difference between the FIT group and the control group (p>.05). Based on these results, it is concluded that the forced respiratory exercise program for 6 weeks can be improve the FAP and temporal-spatial gait parameters in hemiplegic patients. Therefore, the forced respiratory exercise is useful to improve the walking ability in hemiplegic patients.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.77-85
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• 2012

Background: This study has conducted an experiment on 14 disabled hemiplegia (female) introduced from D rehabilitation welfare center, sorted out subjects who will enthusiastically and sincerely follow the experiment for 8 weeks (before-after), and grouped them into control group (7 people), and aquatic exercise program group (7 people). After researching the effect of application of exercise program to hemiplegia on physical function and length of lower limb, we have come to the following conclusion. In case of hemiplegia, we have concluded that aquatic exercise program can aid muscle strengthening and lower limb since aquatic exercise program activates physical function and deep muscle, showing a positive influence on muscular strength and flexibility, and a significant influence on balance of lower limb. This result is considered to make people recognize the importance of rehabilitation exercise when making a program for daily life activity, injury prevention, and treatment for hemiplegia, and we believe that such reference will be proposed as a theoretical basis for application of aquatic exercise program to hemiplegia, and further be a great aid to similar studies.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.91-99
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• 2015

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate effect of the manual joint mobilization to the patients with knee osteoarthritis and to determine the effect of pain, range of motion, body function and balance after applying it. METHODS: The thirty participants who complained the knee pain were randomly assigned to control (Con) group (n=15) that received the general physical therapy and experimental (Exp) group (n=15) that received the applied the manual joint mobilization and the general physical therapy three times per week, 30 minutes per day for four weeks. It measured the visual analogue scale (VAS), the range of motion (ROM), body function (WOMAC) and balance (TUG). RESULTS: It showed the significantly different between the control group and experiment group in VAS, ROM and WOMAC. After 4 weeks, the experiment group was significantly different from other group in VAS, ROM and WOMAC. But the measurement of balance did not show the significantly difference within group and between groups. CONCLUSION: This results suggest that Manual joint mobilization was effective in pain, ROM, function in patient with knee osteoarthritis.