• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.89-99
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the effects of visiting nursing services in long-term care (LTC) insurance on changes in health status and physical functions among the elderly. Methods: We analyzed survey data on the living status and welfare needs of the elderly from 2008 and 2011 using the difference-in-difference method with propensity score matching. Results: The subjects were 76 elders including 38 visiting nursing service users(intervention group) and 38 home-based LTC service users (control group). Results from DID analysis confirmed that the subjective health status level of the intervention group was 2.2 points higher (p=.044) and the depression level was 0.3 point lower (p=.039) than the control group. In addition, the intervention group's ADL score was 1.9 (p=.027) and IADL 3.9 (p=.030), showing that their health was deteriorated less. Conclusion: Visiting nursing service in LTC insurance was associated with delayed deterioration of subjective health status, depression, ADL and IADL. These findings suggest the need of rebuilding visiting nursing service programs focusing on prevention services, which will be more contributive to elderly health care and the reduction of social costs.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.403-410
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• 2000

본 연구에서는 전분을 냉동반죽에 첨가한 효과에 대해 알아보았다. 냉동생지의 물리적 특성은 farino-graph. extensograph, amylograph를 통해 측정되었다. 측정된 결과는 전분이 첨가된 냉동반죽이 대조구에 비해 더욱 안정함을 알 수 있었다. 반죽의 물리적, 화학적 특성은 냉동보관기간에 따라서 측정되었는데 전분을 첨가한 반죽이 대조구에 비해 물리적, 화학적 변화가 작음을 보여주었다. 이는 전분이 냉동반죽의 냉동보관중 제품열화를 방지함을 의미한다. 이로부터 전분은 냉동보관중 냉동반죽의 효모활성력과 글루텐 망상구조를 냉동장애로부터 보호한다고 생각된다. 이 실험을 통하여 여러 전분 중에 특히 감자전분의 첨가가 냉동반죽의 안정성을 향상시키는데 효과가 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.61-68
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• 2014

This study aims at proposing a sound and sustainable development direction of an residential environment by analyzing testimonies of residents who lived in Park Hill flats or their surround at Sheffield City in the United Kingdom. The results are obtained through the analysis on a residential environment of Park Hill flats, opinions of the residents on its refurbishment, and effects of the building on the residential environment. The block of Park Hill flats was a community with a strong unity and solidarity, but that became increasingly a slum by the decline of the physical and social environment since the 1980s. In particular, it was identified that the deterioration of the social environment than that of the physical environment was a major cause of the decline. Nevertheless, it was found that "streets in the sky", the concept applied in Park Hill, played a key role in activating the community in the apartment complex. However, that street system in the complex has caused noise, poor security, and invasion of privacy. If such problems are solved, the streets in the sky will be a meaningful alternative for community activation and then ensuring sustainability in Korean residential environments that lost the function of the community.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.449-464
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• 2016

Objective: The objective of this study is to identify essential requirements of the instrument cluster's features and layout for elderly drivers through interview and paper prototyping. Background: Recent updates implemented in passenger vehicles require more complex information to be processed by drivers. Concurrently, a large portion of the US population, the baby boomer generation has aged, causing their physical and cognitive abilities to deter. Thus it is crucial that new methods be implemented into vehicle design in order to accommodate for the deterioration of mental and physical abilities. Method: Forty elderly drivers and twenty young drivers participated in this study. The test included three sessions including: 1) location value assessment to identify the priority of areas within the instrument cluster; 2) component value assessment to capture rankings of the degree of importance and frequency of use for possible instrument cluster components; and 3) paper prototyping to collect self-designed cluster with selection of designs for each component and location of features from each participant. Results: Results revealed differences in the area priority of the instrument cluster as well as the shape and location of component features for age and gender groups. Conclusion: The study provided insights on instrument cluster layout guidelines by proving elderly driver's mental model and preferred cluster design configurations to improve driving safety. Application: LCD-based vehicle instrument cluster design, with an adaptable feature configuration for cluster components and layouts.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제46권
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• pp.319-348
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• 2001

The primary purpose of this study is to examine the buffering effect of social welfare services on the relationship between the level of older persons' impairment and burden experienced by the family caregivers. It also assessed the level of caregiving burden as well as the effect of both older person's impairment and the characteristics of the caregivers on burden. The survey data collected from 150 community residing family caregivers was used for analyses. Findings are as follows. First, the caregivers are more burdened in the deterioration of mental health, scarce time for oneself, and the suffering of social life than in other areas of burden. Second, the more severe the physical and the mental impairment of the elder, the more burden the caregivers experience. The caregivers' characteristics such as the worse mental health, the lower level of attachment to the elder, the longer caregiving hours are also related to the higher level of caregiving burden. Third, the caregivers' use of adult day care and respite care services buffer the relationship between the level of impairment of older persons and the caregiving burden. However, social work counselling, visiting nurse, homemaker services do not have such buffering effects. Among informal support, instrumental support buffers the relationship between the elder's physical impairment and burden, while emotional support buffers the relationship between the elder's mental impairment and burden. According to the results, implication for social welfare services and practice methods for the family caregivers was discussed.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.96-103
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• 2005

To analyze the reason of aging deterioration in transmission line insulators, we performed a various kind of test and investigated mechanical and electrical characteristics of insulators. Test samples consisted of K-1989(36,000lbs), K-1995(36,000lbs) and K-2001(36,000lbs) type insulators which have been used in domestic 154 kV transmission lines. As a result of this test, the facts turned out K-2001 insulator which contain 17 wt.% alumina has better physical characteristics than K-1989 insulator which contain 8 wt% alumina. Relativity density and fracture toughness of K-1989 porcelain are 94.2 % and 1.4 MPa\ulcornerm$^{1}$2// but relativity density and fracture toughness of K-2001 porcelain are 96 % and 1.7 MPa\ulcornerm$^{1}$2//. K-2001 insulators show a good performance not only in a physical property test but also in power arc test and steep front of wave flashover test which is performed to evaluate electrical characteristics.

• 폴리머
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.193-199
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• 2002

전보에서 합성한 디클로로-폴리에스테르 폴리올(DCBAO)에 2종류의 이소시아네이트 경화제인 Desmodur N-3300과 Desmodur L-75를 선택하여 상온경화시켜 PU계 난연도료 (DCBAO/N-3300=DCBAN 및 DCBAO/L-75=DCBAL)를 각각 제조하였다. 제조된 DCBA과 DCBAL 도료로서 도막물성을 측정한 결과, 양쪽 모두의 도료가 난연처리 후에도 물성저하 현상을 초래하지 않았으며, 별도의 황변성 시험에서 황변성은 DCBAL 쪽이 다소 불량하게 나타나 Desmodur L-75가 황변성과 관련이 있음을 알았다. 또한 난연성분인 2,4-dichlorobenzoic acid의 함량 20∼30 wt%에서 LOI 값 25∼26% 선의 난연효과를 보여주었다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.151-159
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• 2008

The flame-retardant coatings were prepared by blending the synthesized triphosphorus modified polyester in the previous paper and hexamethylene diisocyanate-trimer and curing it at room temperature. The characterization of the films of the prepared coatings was performed. It was confirmed that no deterioration of physical properties of PU coatings was observed with the increasing phenylphosphonic acid (PPA) contents. Flame retardancy was tested by a $45^{\circ}$ Meckel burner method and LOI method. With the $45^{\circ}$ Meckel burner method, CATBTP-20C and CATBTP-30C that contain 20 wt% and 30 wt% of PPA, flame retarding component, respectively, showed the first grade flame retardancy with $2.8{\sim}3.9\;cm$ of char length ; and, with LOI method, they exhibited a good flame retardancy as a range of $30{\sim}32%$ of combustion values.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.45-53
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• 2020

Purpose: This study investigated the correlation between standing balance and head-forward posture in adolescents. Methods: The participants in this study were 15 female adolescents. We took photographs of the participants' craniovertebral angle with a digital camera to determine the degree of head-forward posture. Standing balance was evaluated using the 30-second Romberg test of BT4. The measurements were taken on a stable-support surface and on an unstable-support surface using a balance pad. The data measured in this study were analyzed using SPSS version 23.0, and the statistical significance level α was established as 0.05. Pearson correlation coefficient analysis was performed to identify the correlation between the degree of head-forward position of the participants and their balance ability. Results: When we measured 30 seconds of the Romberg test, we observed that, with their eyes open, the participants' head-forward posture and balance were not correlated. However, with their eyes closed, there was a strong correlation between the forward position of the head and the balance ability, which declined as the head position increased. Conclusion: Adolescents with severe head-forward posture exhibited problems with balance in posture control with closed eyes when visual information was not available. It can be inferred that an abnormality occurs in proprioceptor sensation due to their habitual head-forward posture. Education on correct posture and preventive activities should be recommended to improve the health of such adolescents and avoid possible future problems of physical deterioration.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.483-493
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• 2018

Experimental study of the deterioration of high-temperature rock subjected to rapid cooling is essential for thermal engineering applications. To evaluate the influence of thermal shock on heated granite with different temperatures, laboratory tests were conducted to record the changes in the physical properties of granite specimens and the dynamic mechanical characteristics of granite after rapid cooling were experimentally investigated by using a split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB). The results indicate that there are threshold temperatures ($500-600^{\circ}C$) for variations in density, porosity, and P-wave velocity of granite with increasing treatment temperature. The stress-strain curves of $500-1000^{\circ}C$ show the brittle-plastic transition of tested granite specimens. It was also found that in the temperature range of $200-400^{\circ}C$, the through-cracks induced by rapid cooling have a decisive influence on the failure pattern of rock specimens under dynamic load. Moreover, the increase of crack density due to higher treatment temperature will result in the dilution of thermal shock effect for the rocks at temperatures above $500^{\circ}C$. Eventually, a fitting formula was established to relate the dynamic peak strength of pretreated granite to the crack density, which is the exponential function.