• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2004년도 학술대회지
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• pp.876-879
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• 2004

The buried fiber optic cable as a distributed intrusion sensor for detecting and locating intruders along the long perimeters is proposed. Phase changes resulting from either the pressure of the intruder on the ground immediately above the buried fiber or from seismic disturbances in the vicinity are sensed by a phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometer. Light pulses from a Er:fiber cw laser with a narrow, <3kHz-range, spectral width and a frequency drift of < 1 MHz/min are injected into one end of the fiber, and the backscattered light from the fiber is monitored with a photodetector. Results of preliminary studies, measurement of phase changes produced by pressure and seismic disturbances in buried fiber optic cables and simulation of ${\varphi}-OTDR$ response over long fiber paths, to establish the feasibility of the concept are described. The field experiments indicate adequate phase changes, more than 1t-rad, are produced by intruders on foot and vehicle for burial depths in the 0.2 m to 1 m range in sand, clay and fine gravel soils. The simulations predict a range of 10 km with 35 m range resolution and 30 km with 90 m range resolution. This technology could in a cost-effective manner provide enhanced perimeter security.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.114-125
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• 1994

Fatigue behavior and life prediction method were presented for themal-mechanical and isothermal low cycle fatigue of 12 Cr forged steel used for high temperature applications. In-phase and out-of-phase thermal-mechanical fatigue test from 350 .deg. C to 600 .deg. C and isothermal low cycle fatigue test at 600 .deg. C, 475 .deg. C, 350 .deg. C were conducted using smooth cylindrical hollow specimen under strain-control with total strain ranges from 0.006 to 0.015. The phase difference between temperature and strain in thermal-mechanical fatigue resulted in significantly shorter fatigue life for out-of-phase than for in-phase. Thermal-mechanical fatigue life predication was made by partitioning the strain ranges of the hysteresis loops and the results of isothermal low cycle fatigue tests which were performed under the combination of slow and fast strain rates. Predicted fatigue lives for out-of-phase using the strain range partitioning method showed an excellent agreement with the actual out-of-phase thermal-mechanical fatigue lives within a factor of 1.5. Conventional strain range partitioning method exhibited a poor accuracy in the prediction of in-phase range partitioning method in a conservative way. By the way life prediction of thermal-mechanical fatigue by Taira's equivalent temperature method and spanning fartor method showed good agreement within out-of-phase thermal-mechanical fatigue.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2010년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.220-226
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• 2010

In this paper, the static overmodulation is proposed for the 2-phase full bridge inverter. The overmodulation strategy increases a fundamental output voltage and improves a voltage utilization up to the maximum in the overmodulation range. The linear modulation range and static overmodulation range are defined in the 2-phase full bridge inverter. The overmodulation strategies which increase a voltage utilization until the 4-step mode by linearization of the output voltage in overmodulation range are proposed. To maintain a linearity of the relation between a reference voltage and a fundamental output voltage, this paper suggests a compensation voltage, whose magnitude or phase is modified to the proposed control scheme. Simulation and experimentation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.84-93
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• 1996

Several paraffins(CnH2n +2) can be used as the thermal energy storage medium because of their large amount of latent heat and their flexibility of phase change temperature. But they have not been used in the thermal energy storage system because their long term stability have not been verified. Paraffins(CnH2n+2) which the values of n are 23, 24, 26 and 28 were selected for this experimental research. And this research was peformed to apply them to the practical systems. The results were summarized as follows. (1) The increase of phase change cycles had no effect on their phase change temperatures. (2) According as the values of n increased from 23 to 28, the specific heats of paraffins(CnH2n+2) increased, and were in the range of 0.47 0.75 ㎉/$kg^circ C$. (3) Thermal conductivities of them were in the range of 0.14 0.17 W/$m^circ C$. and specific gravities of them were in the range of 765800 kg/m3. (4) The density of paraffins was in the range of 765 800 kg/$m^circ C$ , and the density of solid phase was larger than that of liquid phase. (5) When the number of phase change cycles was 1, 500 cycles, the latent heat of paraffins was 90% of the initial value.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2009년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.190-190
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• 2009

Liquid crystals (LCs) which utilize the phase above blue phase temperature range are also known to format the optically nanostructured composites devices based on Kerr effect these days. We report electro-optical characteristics of the polymer-stabilized cholestric LCs by using UV curable monomers at the different temperatures such as blue phase temperature range, blue phase-isotropic transition temperature, and isotropic temperature range. The devices exhibit different electro-optic characteristics.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.235-238
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• 2011

In this paper, a novel low phase noise voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) using metamaterial structure and rat race coupler is presented for reducing the phase noise without the reduction of the frequency tuning range. The metamaterial structure has been realized by microstrip square open loop double split ring resonator (SRR). The rat race coupler shows slightly higher transmission compared to a Wilkinson combiner and is, therefore, used instead to improve the performances of VCO. By providing these unique modifications, the proposed push-push VCO has a phase noise of -126.30~-124.83 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz in the tuning range of 5.672~5.800 GHz.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.182-190
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• 2011

진폭 변조를 이용한 거리 측정 시스템은 반송파를 진폭 변조하여 송수신한 신호의 진폭 변조 신호의 위상차를 사용하여 거리를 측정하게 된다. 진폭 변조 거리 측정 시스템에서 문제가 되는 안테나 간의 누설 신호 및 불요 신호에 의한 측정 오차를 최소화하기 위해 능동반사기를 사용하여 주파수 대역을 바꾸어 송신하는 방식이 제안되었다. 본 논문에서는 모호성이 없는 측정 거리를 확장하면서도 정밀한 측정을 가능하게 하는 새로운 위상측정부의 구현에 대해 설명하고 있다. 즉, 8 MHz 및 1 MHz의 두 개의 변조 주파수를 교차적으로 선택하여 변조함으로써, 150 m까지의 거리를 2 cm 이하의 오차로서 측정할 수 있게 하였다. 위상측정부는 정밀한 위상 측정을 위하여 높은 변조 주파수는 JK 플립플롭 위상차 측정기를 사용하고, 낮은 변조 주파수일 경우는 XOR 위상차 측정기를 사용하였다.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.473-483
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• 2005

In this paper, we propose two LC voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs) that improve both phase noise and tuning range. With both 1/f induced low-frequency noise and low-frequency thermal noise around DC or around harmonics suppressed significantly by the employment of a current-current negative feedback (CCNF) loop, the phase noise in the CCNF LC VCO has been improved by about 10 dB at 6 MHz offset compared to the conventional LC VCO. The phase noise of the CCNF VCO was measured as -112 dBc/Hz at 6 MHz offset from 5.5 GHz carrier frequency. Also, we present a bandwidth-enhanced LC VCO whose tuning range has been increased about 250 % by connecting the varactor to the bases of the cross-coupled pair. The phase noise of the bandwidth-enhanced LC-tank VCO has been improved by about 6 dB at 6 MHz offset compared to the conventional LC VCO. The phase noise reduction has been achieved because the DC-decoupling capacitor Cc prevents the output common-mode level from modulating the varactor bias point, and the signal power increases in the LC-tank resonator. The bandwidth-enhanced LC VCO represents a 12 % bandwidth and phase noise of -108 dBc/Hz at 6 MHz offset.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 1998년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.275-279
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• 1998

The influence of $WO_3$ (0.5-4.0mol%) on the microstructural and electrical properties of ZnO varistors was investigated. The major part of a tungsten segregated to the nodal point. SEM, EDAX, and XRD analysis revealed that three phase, such as W-rich phase, Bi-rich phase, and spinel phase, coexist at the nodal point. The average grain size increased in the range of 15.5-29.9pm with increasing $WO_3$ content. This may be probably attributed to liquid phase formed by $WO_3$, $WO_3$ acted as promotion additive of grain growth. As $WO_3$ content increase, the varistor voltage greatly decreased in the range 186.82-35.87V/mm due to the increase of grain growth. The barrier height decreased in the range 1.93-0.42eV with increasing $WO_3$content.

• 공업화학
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.617-623
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• 1997

폴리솔베이트-핵산올-물의 3성분계의 상거동에 관한 메카니즘을 조사한 것으로, 등방성인 미셀영역에서 비등방성인 모자이크 액정상을 편광현미경에 의해 관찰하였다. 액정상 및 다른 상들은 약 20~70 wt% 범위에서 관측되었으며, 이 영역에서는 보다 안정한 유화계나 분산계의 포뮬레이션에 대한 기본적인 데이터를 제공할 수 있다. 알킬기의 탄소수 증가에 따라 3상 영역이 감소한 반면에, 2상 영역이 증가되었으며 비등방성 액정상은 관찰되지 않았다.