• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.99-113
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• 2005

Recently, problems related to the natural dyeing have been addressed. Severer problems have been posed by the elution at metallic ions and dyestuff tram dyed fabrics. In order to prevent the elution tram the dyed fabrics, it is needed to improve the fastness. Especially, it is the most important measure to improve the fastness to perspiration in terms at human body safety. In this study, we employed chitosan pretreatment method bet ore the dyeing process, anticipating that the pretreatment might improve the fastness. We used Al, Sn, and Cu as mordants and investigated the fastness to light and perspiration of the chitosan treated and dyed fabric specimens. By the chitosan pretreatment, the fastness to perspiration improved, while the fastness to light did not.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.283-292
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• 1996

This study examines the character of "Tencel" named as Ecology Fiber and investigates the fitness of it as the textile and the satisfaction in dress when its fastness is compared with that of Rayon classified into Celulose textile. Dye experiment selected 100% Tencel, Rayon for the samples, which were dyed into the direct dye and Turky Blue and Blue of the rective dye and were washed twelve times by the automatic washer. After that, the dye experiment examines the light, laundering, perspiration, rubbing and the composite fastness of the perspiration and hight in the lists of the dye fastness. The results are as follows: 1. The experiment of the color fastness, especially in T-blue of the direct dyestuff, requiring the twelve times-repeatedly-washing by the detergent says that the color fastness of Tencel is superior to that of the cellulose textile ; Rayon. 2. The experiment of the light fastness says that the fastness of Tencel is superior to that of Rayon. 3. The experiment of the laundering fastness says that all of Tencel, Rayon shows the excellent result in the direct dye than in the reactive dye. 4. The experiment of the rubbing fastness says that although Tencel, Rayon show the remarkable result in the desiccant experiment than in the humid one, the rubbing fastness of Tencel is superior to that of others. 5. The experiment of perspiration fastness says that Tencel, Rayon have the closely tightened tendency not to be altered through the acid and alkali perspirations. 6. The experiment of the composite fastness of perspiration and light indicates that the artifical perspirations, though the light lets the fastness of textiles weeken, do very slightly make them loosen, which does not offer the outstanding result. This whole result show that the fastness of Tencel is superior to that of Rayon. The Korean Fiber Enterprise in clothing should make the new and ecological fiber "Tencel" by means of the large amount of investment, and the technique of handing and controlling about it, considering that the dangerous needle of environmental pollution has been slackening the close-related ecological knots of the global environment. global environment.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.260-270
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• 2006

In this research, the curly dock was used in the process of dyeing for fabrics of the inner wear & the patient wear. Since the curly dock has a pharmacological effect on dermatosis, this study focused on the variety of color and functions of the inner wear fabrics & patient wear fabrics to make the best use of the pharmacological effect of curly dock. With regards to giving a variety of colors and functions in the inner wear, patient wear fabrics, the curly dock dye was used in each treatment conditions on the cotton & silk fabrics. After dyeing, the dyeability, color change, light fastness, washing fastness, perspiration fastness, antibiosis, far infrared emissivity and emission power were evaluated. The evaluation results are as follows; The dyeablity increased from repeated dyeing and, by using the mordant, variety of colors such as skin, mustard, greyish-brown and dark earth colors were conformed to the naked eye. Fe mordant was better than Al on the lightfastness and the washing fastness. The repeated dyeing was found out to have less effect on neither lightfastness nor washing fastness. Both silk and cotton fabrics were graded $3{\sim}4$, since their degree of degradation appeared to be the same in alkali perspiration and acidic perspiration. In the case of silk fabrics mordanted by Al, the rate of declining in both Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 and Klebsiella pneumonia ATCC 4352 were 99.9%. In addition, the antibiosis was enhanced when the mordant was used. The far infrared was 86.6% of emissivity, $3.34{\times}10^2\;W/m^2{\cdot}{\mu}m$ emission power.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.34-39
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• 2004

Dyeing properties of Glycyrrhizae Radix was investigated with silk fabrics. Dyeing water is a type of chalcone, it showed yellow in IR spectrum. K/S value showed high in following conditions; Glycyrrhizae Radix $200g/1\ell4 water, $80^{\circ}$ of dyeing temperature, 90 minute of dyeing time. Glycyrrhizae Radix dyeing water has higher K/S value in alkalinity(pH9) than in neutrality(pH7) or acidity(pH3) conditions. K/S value showed highest in pH5 premordant method of alkalinity dyeing water condition. The color of silk fabric dyed with Glycyrrhizae Radix is yellow. The change of color did not show by mordant treatment. K/S value showed higher in mordant treatment than nonmordant. Light fastness showed over 3 degree in nonmordant, premordant, simmordant(Al,Cu,Fe) and postmordant(Cu). Water fastness showed over 3 degree in dyeing water(pH3, pH5, pH7). Dry cleaning fastness showed over 3 degree in all dyeing methods. Washing fastness is showed in 2-3 degree; Al in nonmordant, premordant, simmordant and Cu in simmordant are 2-3 degree. Perspiration fastness is nearly 3-4 degree in premordant and simmordant. Perspiration fastness shows high in premordant, simmordant than postmordant. The fastness of light, water, dry cleaning, washing, perspiration shows better nonmordant, premordant, simmordant than postmordant method.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.1-6
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate the dyeability and color fastness of cotton and silk fabrics dyed with extract of Arrowroot leaf princeps. The experimental items were divided into the mordant treatment, component of fabric and kind of mordants. The experimental study was done by laundering, abrasion(dry/wet), perspiration(acid/alkali), light fastness, color difference by C.C.M system and K/S test. The summerized finding reulted from experiment and investigation are suggested as follows : In the C.C.M and K/S test on mordanting method and kind of fabric, that of silk and cotton was the most effective in the pre mordant treatment. In the C.C.M and K/S analysis on 5 mordants, that of silk and cotton was significantly improved when mordants was treatmented. Especially, that of Fe mordanting treatment was higher than Al, Cu, Cr and none. In color fastness on mordants, laundering, perspiration and abrasion fastness showed 4-5 grade but light fastness showed 1-3 grade.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.394-398
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• 2002

The purse of this study was to invesigate the dyeing fastness on extract of bufferbur leaf princeps. The experimental items were divided into the mordant treatment, component of fabric and kind of mordants. The experimental study was done by laundering, abrasion (dry/wet), perspiration (acid/alkali), light, iron fastness test and color difference by C.C.M system. The summerized finding resulted from experiments and investigation are suggested as follows : In the C.C.M test on mordanting method and kind of fabric, color difference of silk was three times higher than cotton. The silk fabric was the highest in simultaneous mordant treatment but cotton fabric was the highest in none mordant. In color difference analysis on 6 mordants, that of silk and cotton was significantly improved when mordants was treatmented. Especially color difference of Fe and Cu mordanting treatment was higher than Cr, Sn, Al and none. In dyeing fastness on mordants laundering, perspiration, abrasion and iron fastness showed 4-5 grade but light-fastness showed 1-3 grade.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.825-833
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• 2013

In this study, the dyeing properties of Phellodendron amurense on cotton and silk fabrics were evaluated to establish a scientific database of dyeing methods using natural dyes with the ultimate aim of facilitating the practical use of these dyes. The optimal thickener and dyeing concentrations depending on the thickener type were identified when dyeing with P. amurense, and the fabric color, color fastness, and antibiosis were examined for various thickeners, fabrics, and mordants. The results were as follows.: The optimal concentrations of thickeners when dyeing on cotton and silk fabrics were CMC 3% (w/w), Mayprogum 7% (w/w), and Indalka 9% (w/w). The optimal concentration of P. amurense was 25% (w/w), irrespective of the type of thickener. To maintain the hue unique to P. amurense, thickening with Mayprogum or Indalka and mordanting with Al was effective for cotton, while thickening with Mayprogum or Indalka and mordanting with Al or thickening with CMC and mordanting with gallnut was effective for silk. The dry-cleaning fastness and abrasion resistance of cotton fabrics dyed with P. amurense were excellent at the 4-5 level. Gallnut was effective for washing fastness and perspiration fastness against color degradation, and FFC was effective for light fastness. The washing fastness, dry-cleaning fastness, abrasion resistance, and perspiration fastness of silk fabrics dyed with P. amurense were excellent at level 4, except for washing and perspiration fastness, and FFC was effective for the improvement of light fastness. Dyeing cotton and silk fabrics with P. amurense thus yielded antibiosis and excellent washing fastness.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.42 no.12 s.202
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• pp.69-76
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate the colorfastness of cotton and silk fabric dyed with extract of Lotus leaf princeps. The experimental items were classified into mordanting treatments, fabric components and kind of mordants. The experimental test was done by laundering, abrasion(dry/wet), perspiration(acid/alkali) , light fastness, color difference by C.C.M(computer color matching) system and K/S test. The summarized findings resulting from the experiment and investigation are as follows: In the C.C.M and K/S test on mordanting method and kind of fabrics, co-mordanting treatment method and protein fabric (silk) were the most effective. Especially, Fe mordanting treatment was higher than Al, Cu, Cr and none-mordanting. In colorfastness on the mordants, perspiration and laundering fastness showed high grade (4-5) but grades of perspiration(2-3/4) and light fastness(1-3) were low.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.359-366
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• 2001

In this study, wool, silk and cotton fabrics were dyed with natural dyes derived from Ginkgo biloba bark using various mordants, and their dyeabilities were discussed. Additionally the fastness to washing, perspiration, light, rubbing, and drycleaning were investigated. And the effects of bacteria reduction and UV-B protection rate were also checked. The optimum dyeing condition of the colorants extracted from the Ginkgo biloba bark was three repeated dyeing at$95^\circ{C}$ for 1 hr. by using post mordanting. Mordanting improved the fastness to washing, Perspiration and drycleaning, but the fastness to light and rubbing were not increased. The bacteria reduction rate of the wool fabric increased drastically by dyeing with extract of Ginkgo biloba bark and its effect maintained after repeated washing and drycleaning. UV-B protection rate of the natural fibers increased by dyeing with extract of Ginkgo biloba bark and the dyed wool fabric was the best of the three fabrics.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.1-1
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• 2001

In this study, wool, silk and cotton fabrics were dyed with natural dyes derived from Ginkgo biloba bark using various mordants, and their dyeabilities were discussed. Additionally the fastness to washing, perspiration, light, rubbing, and drycleaning were investigated. And the effects of bacteria reduction and UV-B protection rate were also checked. The optimum dyeing condition of the colorants extracted from the Ginkgo biloba bark was three repeated dyeing at 95℃ for 1 hr. by using post mordanting. Mordanting improved the fastness to washing, Perspiration and drycleaning, but the fastness to light and rubbing were not increased. The bacteria reduction rate of the wool fabric increased drastically by dyeing with extract of Ginkgo biloba bark and its effect maintained after repeated washing and drycleaning. UV-B protection rate of the natural fibers increased by dyeing with extract of Ginkgo biloba bark and the dyed wool fabric was the best of the three fabrics.