• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.74 no.3
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• pp.134-139
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• 2013

Splenosis is defined as an autotransplantation of the splenic tissue after splenic rupture or splenectomy, and occurs most frequently in the peritoneal cavity. Splenosis is usually asymptomatic and is found incidentally. We report a case of combined intrathoracic and intraperitoneal splenosis in a 54-year-old male who worked as a miner for 10 years in his twenties, and was a current smoker. He was referred to our hospital for further evaluation of an incidental left diaphragmatic mass. Positron emission tomography-computed tomography and bronchoscopy were performed to evaluate the possibility of malignancy. There was no evidence of malignancy, but the spleen was not visualized. Reviewing his medical history revealed previous splenectomy, following a dynamite explosion injury. Therefore, splenosis was suspected and technetium-99m-labeled heat-damaged red blood cell scan confirmed the diagnosis. Radionuclide imaging is a useful diagnostic tool for splenosis, which could avoid unnecessary invasive procedures.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.69-74
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• 1998

The early gonadal development and sexual differentiation of Rhynchocypris oxycephalus are described from the stage of hatching to 150 days after hatching. During this peroid, the average length of the body grew from 0.64 cm to 5.96 cm. the primordial germ cells (PGCs), which could be recognized at the time of hatching, began to protrude into peritoneal cavity at a standard total length of 1.91 cm. At a standard total length of 2.29cm, initial ovarian differentiation wasidentified by the transformation of PGCs to meiotic oocytes. Finally, at the standard total length of 5.96 cm, the female gonads gradually developed towards migratory nucleus oocytes, characterisiing the maturation. Oocytes proliferated rapidly after sex differentiation while the testis entered a period of quiescence, as they continued to multiply but did not undergo growth until the standard total length of 4.00 cm. At a standard total length of 4.00 cm, spermatocytes arrested in thephase of interkinesis, Sertoli-like cells and sperm duct formation, with signs of meiotic activity, were observed. Therefore it may be concluded that R. oxycephalus belongs to the differentiated type of gonochoristic teleosts.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.21 no.2 s.24
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• pp.295-306
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• 1988

Dose-response relationship among blood cadmium concentrations, catalase and superoxide dismutase activities were studied with acutely intoxicated rats by cadmium. The Sprague-Dawley male rats to which single dose of $1{\sim}32mg/kg\;CdCl_2$ were administered into peritoneal cavity were sacrificed by decapitation at $3{\sim}36$ hours after the administration. Cadmium concentrations in blood increased significantly with dose of $CdCl_2$ administered and reached peak level at 3 hours later. Catalase activities in rats' testes were not correlated with esposure time elapsed after the administration in rats to which $1{\sim}2mg/kg\;of\;CdCl_2$ were administered, but they showed linear relationship with time in groups to which $4{\sim}32mg/kg\;of\;CdCl_2$ were administered. Cu, Zn-SOD activities in testes of acutely intoxicated rats by cadmium were not altered either by dosage or by time elapsed after the administration. Mn-SOD activities in the testes were also not influenced by dosage of $1{\sim}2mg/kg\;CdCl_2$, but remarkably inactivated by dosage of $4{\sim}32mg/kg\;CdCl_2$ with time elapsed after the administration. Neither catalase, Cu, Zn-SOD nor Mn-SOD activities of testes were correlated with blood cadmium concentrations in acutely intoxicated rats by cadmium.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.567-575
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• 1989

This study was conducted to evaluate the possibility of application of a microenzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(micro-ELISA) for the serodiagnosis of specific toxoplasma antibodies in swine sera and this test was performed as a microplate system by coating the polystyrene plates with toxoplasma soluble antigen, incubated serially diluted sera, then added horse radish peroxidase labelled goat anti-swine IgG(r) conjugate followed by o-phenylenediamine as substrate. The color development by enzyme-substrate reaction was determined by the photometric reading [ELISA reader at 490nm (OD)] and visual reading. The soluble antigen was prepared from the tachyzoites in mouse peritoneal cavity. A total of 1,200 swine sera from pig slaughter-house and a total of 116 swine sera from pig breeding station (S-C farm) were tested for the detection of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. The optimal reactions of indirect ELISA for the test sera were determined by the dilution of antigen 1:256 and 1:3,200 of horse radish peroxidase conjugate [anti-swine IgG(r)]. 2. The specific togoplasma antibody(IgG) in pigs infected with Tp artificially were detected as the serum titers of 1:64 or 1:128 at one week postinfection. 3. Of a total of 1,200 swine sera from pig slaughter-house 505 samples of sera were detected as positive (42.1%) and of a total of 116 swine sera from S-C pig breeding station 68 samples of sera as positive (58.6%). 4. The specific antibody(IgG) detection rates against a total of 1,200 test sera from pig slaughter-house were not significant between male (43.1%) and female (40.7%). 5. The indirect ELISA was proved to be a sensitive and specific procedure for the serodiagnosis of swine toxoplasmosis and also evaluated as an effective screening test for the large scale of test samples in laboratory.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.119-136
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• 1997

In order to investigate the effects of Soyosangamibang Extract(逍遙散加味方抽出液) on antitumor effects after human cell lines(A549, hep3B, Caki-1, Ehrlich) transplantation into the peritoneal cavity or right groin in mice induced by RPMI1640 and GIBCO etc., the extracts of its herbal medicines were orally administered for 10 or 12 days. Experimental studies were performed for measurance of antitumor effect of MMC(Mitomycin C) and lysosomal enzyme's activities using colony forming efficency, SRB assay which were regarded as a valuable method for antitumor effects of unknown compound on tumor cell lines. The results obtained in this studies were as follows: 1. The change of colony-forming efficiency and SRB assay of Caki-1 cells, hep3B and A549 cells after exposure to the extract of Soyosangamibang extract depressed the growth of tumor cells by concentration of Soyosangamibang, 2. Antitumor activity of the ethanol extract from Soyosangamibang extract and MMC on ascites form of Ehrlich carcinoma in mice is a little improved. Especially mean survival times of the group of 200mg/kg and MMC 0.1mg/kg is improved Over 50%. 3. WhenSoyosangamibang extract and MMC are administrated together, the weight of turnor is more decreased than MMC alone. 4. The lysosomal enzyme's activities of the Soyosangarmibang extract and MMC are more significantly improved than MMC alone. According to the above results, it could be suggested that Soyosangamibang extract has indirect antitumor effect by strengthen the effect of MMC.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.45-53
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• 2000

The anti-oxidative effects of Korean red ginseng extracts (total saponine, water extracts, alcohol extracts, lipophilic extracts), which were administered with the concentration of 200 mg/kg BW, were investigated after the injection of paraquat (1,1-dimethyl-4,4-bipyrimidinium dichloride: PQ) with dosage of 100 mg/kg BW on the peritoneal cavity to 6 weeks of 23~26 gm ICR male mice. The accumulation of hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O$$_2$) on the liver of mouse was lowered only in alcohol extract-treated group (p<0.05). The activity of glutathione peroxidase increased in the mouse treated with lipophilic ginseng extracts. And GSSG level was lowered in all groups, and this might be due to the paraquat ions that might prevent the reaction of GSSG into GSH. But we cannot find any relation between glutathione oxide-reductase activity on Korean ginseng extracts. Finally, the lipid peroxidation (MDA) level was lowest (p<0.01) in the group of mouse treated with water extracts of ginseng.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.850-858
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• 1997

An antihyperlipidemic effect was observed by intraperitoneal injection of the seaweed Monostroma nitidum extract. Hyperlipidemia was induced by intraperitoneal injection of Triton WR-1339 $(60\;{\mu}g/g-body\;weight)$ into a mouse. Maximum level of blood cholesterol was reached at 20 hours after Triton injection. By simultaneous injection of the M. nitidum extract $(30\;{\mu}g/g-body\;weight)$ with the Triton into each right and left sides of the peritoneal cavity, levels of total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein were decreased to $24\%\;and\;14\%$ compared to Triton injection only. For histochemical changes, hepatic tissues obtained at 40 hours after injection of the Triton and the M. nitidum extract were fixed in fromol-calcium solution. The meshlike cytoplasms disappeared and hapatic plates were recovered in mice injected with the M. nitidum extract. Numbers of lipid drops and cholesterol particles also decreased in the portal space of the hepatic cytoplasm. This indicates that the accumulation of lipid, including cholesterol, caused by Triton was prevented by the antihyperlipidemic effect of extract from the seaweed M. nitidum.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.55-64
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• 2009

A B cell-specific growth substance (BGS) was isolated from the slime layer of Bacillus licheniformis E1. Unlike LPS, the BGS was not affected by polymixin B, an inhibitor of LPS, or by TLR4, and resulted in the growth of B cells. When BALB/c mice were treated with the BGS, the B cell population was found to increase in both the bone marrow and the spleen, with a marked increase after 24 h in the bone marrow and after 48 h in the spleen. When using antibodies to B cell lineage-restricted surface molecules to analyze the B cell population changes resulting from treatment with the BGS, an increase in immature B cells ($IgM^+$ and $AA4.1^+$) and mature B cells ($IgM^+$ and $IgD^+$) was found in the bone marrow 24 h after treatment with the BGS, whereas a decrease in mature B cells and increase in $IgG^+$ B cells were found in the spleen. When the BGS and OVA antigen were injected into the peritoneal cavity of BALB/c mice, this resulted in a high OVA-specific antibody titer in the sera, similar to that induced by aluminum hydroxide. Therefore, it is anticipated that the mass production of the BGS by B. licheniformis E1 could be used for studies of B cells in immunology, and contribute to the development of a new adjuvant for vaccine manufacture.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.96-99
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• 2008

Toxoplasma gondiiis a widespread apicomplexan parasite which is able to infect virtually all warm-blooded vertebrates. Twenty-two percent of the U.S. population is infected, but severe disease in adults is mainly limited to immunosuppressed patients. In patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS), T. gondii causes a life-threatening opportunistic infection, with Toxoplasma encephalitis as its most severe manifestations. T. gondii is also known to cause congenital infection and is among the pathogens with the highest incidence of complications in pregnancies. Despite its clinical importance, only very few therapeutic drugs against T. gondii are available, all of which target the rapidly dividing tachyzoites, leaving the dormant encysted bradyzoite stage unaffected. We searched 15 traditional medicines that have anti-inflammatory effect from dongyibogam and Traditional Chinese medicine. In vitro studies were performed with HeLa cell cultures, with quantification of Toxoplasma growth by a cell proliferation assay. The result of experiment shows the selectivity of Citrus unshiu Markovich is 6.0. This is higher than sulfadiazine (selectivity was 1.63). For in vivo studies, mice were acutely infected intraperitoneally with $10^5$ tachyzoites of the virulent RH strain and then treated per orally for 4 days from 6 hours postinfection. Efficacy was assessed by sequential determination of parasite burdens in peritoneal cavity. In vivo, Citrus unshiu Markoviche inhibited Toxoplasma growth at a concentration of 10㎎/㎏ of body weight per day, the inhibition ratio was estimated to be 64.01%.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.112-123
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• 1994

${\gamma}$-Glutamyltransferase (GGT: E.C. 2.3.2.2.) is a glycoprotein enzyme which is involved in glutathione metabolism and amino acid transport through the plasma membrane. It is distributed widely in several organs including liver and kidney. Several isozymes of GGT have been reported and some of the isozymes may be associated with hepatocarcinogenesis. We have produced six monoclnal antibodies (mAbs) against GGT purified from the liver of 2-acetamidofluorene (AAF) treated rats. All of the six mAbs were obtained by immunizing mice with liver GGT Six hybridomas which produced anti-GGT Abs were extensively subcloned and injected into the peritoneal cavity of BALB/c mice to obtain large quantities of Abs. These mAbs were purified from ascites by ammonium sulfate precipitation and protein A sepharose CL-4B column chromatography. Using these mAbs we preformed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), radioimmunoassay (RIA), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and autoradiography (ARG) to study the distribution of GGT isozyme in tissue. The results indicate that GGT-mAb 1 is specific for the AAF treated liver GGT, GGT-mAb 5 for the normal liver GGT, and GGT-mAb 6 for the normal kindey GGT. These mAbs may be used to evaluate the distribution of GGT isozymes in different tissues.