• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.33-39
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• 1989

Pure separation of various leukocytes is required for the assessment of their roles in immunological and phisiological function. In this study, pure separation of monocytes from canine peripheral blood was attempted. At first, mononuclear cells (PBMC) were separated by ficoll-hypaque gradient method and then monocytes were recovered from PBMC suspensions in sucrose gradient Sol. (PBMC-Sucrose), autologous plasma (PBMC-Plasma) and autologous serum (PBMC-Serum) incubated at $37^{\circ}C$ for 2 hours. 1. In the separation of PBMC by ficoll-hypaque gradient method in canine blood, higher relative centrifugal force (RCF) was required, as high as more than 1,300xg RCF for 40 minutes, for clear formation of PBMC layer than that in human blood as usually used 400xg RCF for 40 minutes. 2. In monocytes-separation from three PBMC suspensions following PBMC separation, recovery-, purity- and viability-rate of monocytes showed better results in PBMC-Plasma and PBMC-Serum than in PBMC-Sucrose suspension, particulary showing better results from PBMC suspensions performed by centrifugation at 1,500xg RCF for 40 minutes.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.212-218
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• 2000

The recruitment of leukocytes to a site of inflammation is dependent on a complex interplay of a number of cytokines. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is a potent chemoattractant for monocytes, whereas interleukin-8 (IL-8) has chemotactic activity for neutrophils, lymphocytes, and basophils. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of several microbes found in infected root canal systems on the production of inflammatoy cytokines, interleukin 8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Monocytes isolated from peripheral blood were stimulated by group A streptococci (GAS, ATCC 19615), Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212), Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 10449), Streptococcus sanguis (clinical isolate), and Candida albicans (ATCC 90029) respectively. Each of these bacteria induced dose-dependent induction in IL-8 and MCP-1 determined by ELISA. IL-8 production by each bacteria was decreased in the range of the microbe-to-PBMC ratios of 0.1-1.0. Group A streptococci was the week inducer of MCP-1 production. These results suggest that different oral pathogens induce specific dose-dependent patterns of cytokine release. Such patterns may provide a means of control of the type of immune celles particularly with regard to inflammatory leukocyte recruitment.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.298-302
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• 2023

A 7-year-old neutered male, domestic shorthair cat presented anorexia and lethargy. The complete blood cell count revealed severe non-regenerative anemia, lymphocytic leukocytosis, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia. On the peripheral blood smear examination, medium to large lymphoblastic cells with moderate amounts of basophilic cytoplasm were observed in up to 70% of peripheral leukocytes. Feline leukemia and immunodeficiency viruses were not detected using a commercial diagnostic kit. While splenomegaly and blunt margins of the caudoventral liver were observed in abdominal radiography, changes in the intra-abdominal lymph nodes were not remarkable. Ultimately, flow cytometric immunophenotyping from the peripheral blood revealed a negative for B-cell markers (CD21-/CD79a-) and T-cell markers (CD3-/CD4-/CD5-/CD8-). Based on the hematological examination and the immunophenotyping assay, the cat was diagnosed with non-B, non-T acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Here, we report a rare case of non-B, non-T acute lymphoblastic leukemia to raise awareness and provide information on clinical symptoms and laboratory test and immunophenotyping analysis results.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.26 no.10
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• pp.1399-1405
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• 2013

The present study focused on establishing the effects of interferon-gamma (IFN-${\gamma}$) on interleukin-18 (IL-18) expression patterns and pregnancy outcomes in pregnant rats. Pregnant rats at the post-implantation stage were randomized into control, low IFN-${\gamma}$ (L-IFN-${\gamma}$) and high IFN-${\gamma}$ groups (H-IFN-${\gamma}$) that received normal saline, 100 IU/g of IFN-${\gamma}$ and 500 IU/g of IFN-${\gamma}$ vaginal muscular injection, respectively. The effects of IFN-${\gamma}$ on IL-18 expression and pregnancy outcomes were assessed systematically using several methods, including immunohistochemistry streptavidin-perosidase (SP), image pattern analysis, enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA), whole blood count (WBC) count, microscopy and visual observation. IL-18 was detected in the uteri of all pregnant rats, and mainly distributed in the endometrium, decidual cells, vascular endothelium and myometrium. Immunohistochemistry and image pattern analyses revealed significantly lower IL-18 expression in the H-IFN-${\gamma}$ group compared to the L-IFN-${\gamma}$ and control groups (p<0.01), indicating that high doses of IFN-${\gamma}$ induce downregulation of IL-18 in the uterus of pregnant rats. ELISA results disclosed that IL-18 expression in peripheral blood of the H-IFN-${\gamma}$ group was lower than that of the L-IFN-${\gamma}$ group (p<0.05), and significantly reduced compared to the control group (p<0.01). Moreover, the number of peripheral leukocytes in the H-IFN-${\gamma}$ group was significantly higher than those in the control and L-IFN-${\gamma}$ groups (p<0.01). Morphology analysis showed no evident differences between the L-IFN-${\gamma}$ and control groups. However, for the H-IFN-${\gamma}$ group, uterine mucosa bleeding, necrosis and excoriation were observed using microscopy. Visual observation revealed marroon, swelling, crassitude and no embryo in the uterus, which are obvious indicators of abortion. These results indicate that IFN-${\gamma}$ plays a regulatory role in IL-18 expression in the uterus and peripheral blood of pregnant rats at the post-implantation stage. Moreover, high levels (500 IU/g) of IFN-${\gamma}$ influence normal pregnancy at the early stages in rats by downregulating IL-18 expression in the uterus and peripheral blood and increasing the number of peripheral leukocytes, consequently triggering termination of pregnancy.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Veterinary Clinics Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.120-120
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• 2006

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.2093-2098
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• 2010

Insulin resistance plays a central role in fatty liver, a part of the metabolic syndrome. This study examined the relationship between fatty liver, metabolic abnormalities and mitochondrial DNA [mtDNA] copy number in peripheral blood that is correlated with diabetes or metabolic markers. Fatty liver was assessed by questionnaire on alcohol consumption and abdominal ultrasonography. MtDNA copy number in peripheral leukocytes was measured by a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction [PCR]. Among 445 subjects, 148 subjects had hepatic steatosis and 297 were controls. mtDNA copy number was significantly lower in fatty liver group in comparison with that of normal finding group. This result is similar in both groups, alcoholic or non-alcoholic fatty liver group. MtDNA copy number was inversely correlated with alanine aminotransferase [ALT], aspartate aminotransferase [AST], gamma-glutamyltransferase [$\gamma$-GTP], body mass index [BMI], waist circumference, diastolic blood pressure, and free fatty acid. MtDNA copy number in peripheral leukocytes was associated with fatty liver and insulin resistance related factors.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.367-377
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• 2021

Objectives: Taxi drivers are exposed to various hazards, such as long periods of sedentary work and traffic-related air pollutants. However, studies on the health effects among taxi drivers in South Korea are insufficient. Methods: To assess subclinical hematologic change related to cardiovascular disease among male taxi drivers, we analyzed data from the second Korean National Environmental Health Survey. Fifty-nine taxi drivers and 1,912 controls were included in the analysis. Propensity score matching was performed to adjust for age, body mass index, and urinary cotinine. A total of 295 subjects were matched with 59 taxi drivers. Leukocyte count, platelet count, hematocrit, triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol land total IgE of the taxi drivers were compared with the control groups. Results: Taxi drivers showed significantly elevated blood leukocytes and platelets. Serum total IgE was significantly reduced in taxi drivers. However, blood leukocytes, platelets, and serum total IgE were not significantly correlated with work period among taxi drivers. Conclusions: Regarding the change of the blood leukocyte count, platelet count, and serum total IgE, taxi driving has the possibility to be associated with peripheral inflammation, humoral immunity and cardiovascular risk.

• Journal of Marine Bioscience and Biotechnology
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.192-197
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• 2007

Suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) was performed to construct an cDNA library of olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Total 470 clones were randomly selected and sequenced, 214 out of 470 sequences showed identities with known genes and 252 sequences were unknown genes. Among the 218 known genes, 34 sequences were found to be homologous to IL-1RII gene, and 14 sequences were identified as IL-$1{\beta}$. RT-PCR analysis showed that IL-$1{\beta}$ mRNA was induced 1h after LPS-stimulation, and IL-1RII was increased from 3h after stimulation, indicating that most of SSH clones are associated with inflammatory responses in fish, and this SSH cDNA library would be useful to identify bio-defense and immuno-related genes in fish.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Veterinary Clinics Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.84-84
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• 2008

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.337-348
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• 1996

The proportion of leukocyte subpopulation in the host is of a great importance in understanding their functions and disease progress. Many methods have been developed to seperate leukocytes and to measure their activities. Characterization of immune cell subpopulations in Korean native cattle was performed using a set of monoclonal antibodies specific which are specific to bovine leukocyte differentiation antigen. Peripheral blood leukocytes from fifty Korean native and ten Holstein cattle were collected and analyzed for the investigation of leukocyte subpopulation by using monoclonal antibodies and flow cytometry. The result indicated that Korean native cattle have significantly higher proportion of leukocyte subpopulations expressing MHC class II molecules and BoCD4 than Holstein cattle.