• 대한금속재료학회지
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• 제48권12호
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• pp.1047-1055
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• 2010

The objective of this study is to investigate the ballistic properties of Zr-based amorphous alloy surface composites fabricated by high-energy electron-beam irradiation. The mixture of Zr-based amorphous powders and $LiF+MgF_2$ flux powders was deposited on a pure Ti substrate, and then an electron beam irradiated this powder mixture to fabricate a one-layer surface composite. A four-layer surface composite, in which the composite layer thickness was larger than 3 mm, was also fabricated by irradiating the deposited powder mixture by an electron beam three times on the one-layer surface composite. The microstructural analysis results indicated that a small amount of fine crystalline particles were homogeneously distributed in the amorphous matrix of the surface composite layer. According to the ballistic impact test results, the surface composite layers effectively blocked a fast traveling projectile, while many cracks were formed at the composite layers, and thus the surface composite plates were not perforated. The surface composite layer containing ductile ${\beta}$ dendritic phases showed a better ballistic performance than the one without dendrites because dendritic phases hindered the propagation of shear bands or cracks.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.569-581
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• 2019

Corrugated steel plate shear wall (CSPSW) as an innovative lateral load resisting system provides various advantages in comparison with the flat steel plate shear wall, including remarkable in-plane and out-of-plane stiffnesses and stability, greater elastic shear buckling stress, increasing the amount of cumulative dissipated energy and maintaining efficiency even in large story drifts. Employment of low yield point (LYP) steel web plate in steel shear walls can dramatically improve their structural performance and prevent early stage instability of the panels. This paper presents a comprehensive structural performance assessment of corrugated low yield point steel plate shear walls having circular openings located in different positions. Accordingly, following experimental verification of CSPSW finite element models, several trapezoidally horizontal CSPSW (H-CSPSW) models having LYP steel web plates as well as circular openings (for ducts) perforated in various locations have been developed to explore their hysteresis behavior, cumulative dissipated energy, lateral stiffness, and ultimate strength under cyclic loading. Obtained results reveal that the rehabilitation of damaged steel shear walls using corrugated LYP steel web plate can enhance their structural performance. Furthermore, choosing a suitable location for the circular opening regarding the design purpose paves the way for the achievement of the shear wall's optimal performance.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.80-87
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• 2021

Most container ships are currently being constructed as Ultra-Large Container Ships. Hence, the equipment of the ships is also becoming relatively large. In particular, propellers, rudders, and rudder stocks are large in the stern structure, and in relation, efficient design of the hull structures to safely secure these parts is important. The bottom shell plate surface of a stern skeg is a perforated plate from which the rudder stock penetrates, so it is an important component for the stern structure. In this paper, to determine the critical buckling of the shell plate, an interaction curve equation for the two-axis compression of the shell plate was derived using the maximum value of the static structural stress multiplier in a load multiplier mode. This equation predicts the timing of the buckling occurrence. By analyzing this interaction curve equation, the buckling behavior of the plates subjected to a combination load was determined and the usefulness of applying it to ship building was investigated.

• 항공우주시스템공학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.28-33
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• 2023

본 연구에서는 전산유동해석을 통해 송풍기에서 공급되는 공기가 덕트 배관과 원탄 선별망을 통과하며 발생하는 유동 편향을 분석하였다. 공기 유동의 유동 편향은 송풍기 볼류트 형상과 유로의 형상 특성으로부터 대부분 발생하며, 유로 내부의 정류망이나 출구의 원탄 선별망은 강력한 압력 손실을 발생시켜 유동 편향을 감쇠하는 효과를 초래한다. 전산유동해석은 ANSYS CFX 2022 R2를 사용하였으며, 정류망과 원탄 선별망은 작은 구멍 다수가 일정하게 분포되어있는 타공판 형상이기 때문에 실제 모델링을 통한 해석은 불가능하다. 따라서 Porous Loss Model을 적용하였다. 유동 편향의 평가는 전산유동해석 결과의 원탄 선별망 Porous Loss Model의 출구 면에 대한 속도 분포를 대상으로 분석하였다.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제54권6호
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• pp.476-484
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• 2017

The purpose of this paper is to verify the structural integrity of a region with numerous penetration-holes in offshore structures such as semi-submersible rig and FPSO. In order to effectively check the yielding and buckling strength of plate members with penetration-holes, a screening analysis program was developed with the FE analysis tool to generate fine meshed model using the theoretical and analysis methods. When a hole is appeared in the plate structure members, the flow of stress is altered such that concentrations of stress form near the hole. Stress concentrations are of concern during both preliminary and detail design and need to be addressed from the perspectives of strength. To configure the geometrical shape, very fine meshed FE analysis is needed as the most accurate method. However, this method is practically impossible to apply for the strength verifications for all perforated plates. In this paper, screening analysis method was introduced to reduce analysis tasks prior to detailed FE analysis. This method is applied to not only the peak stress calculation combined stress concentration factor with nominal stress but also nominal equivalent stress calculation considering cutout effects. The areas investigated by very fine meshed analysis were to be chosen through screening analysis without any reinforcements for penetration-holes. If screening analysis results did not satisfy the acceptance criteria, direct FE analysis method as the 2nd step approach were applied with one of the coarse meshed model considering hole or with the very fine meshed model considering the hole shape and size. In order to effectively perform the local fine meshed analysis, automatic model generating program was developed based on the MSC/PATRAN which is pre-post FE analysis program. Buckling strength was also evaluated by Common Structure Rule (CSR) adopted by IACS as the stress obtained from very fine meshed FE analysis. Due to development of the screening analysis program and automatic FE modeling program, it was able to reduce the design periods and structural analysis costs.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2014년도 제46회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.221-221
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• 2014

The present work proposes an improved numerical simulator for design and modification of large area capacitively coupled plasma (CCP) processing chamber. CCP, as notoriously well-known, demands the tremendously huge computational cost for carrying out transient analyses in realistic multi-dimensional models, because electron dissociations take place in a much smaller time scale (${\Delta}t{\approx}10-8{\sim}10-10$) than time scale of those happened between neutrals (${\Delta}t{\approx}10-1{\sim}10-3$), due to the rf drive frequencies of external electric field. And also, for spatial discretization of electron flux (Je), exponential scheme such as Scharfetter-Gummel method needs to be used in order to alleviate the numerical stiffness and resolve exponential change of spatial distribution of electron temperature (Te) and electron number density (Ne) in the vicinity of electrodes. Due to such computational intractability, it is prohibited to simulate CCP deposition in a three-dimension within acceptable calculation runtimes (<24 h). Under the situation where process conditions require thickness non-uniformity below 5%, however, detailed flow features of reactive gases induced from three-dimensional geometric effects such as gas distribution through the perforated plates (showerhead) should be considered. Without considering plasma chemistry, we therefore simulated flow, temperature and species fields in three-dimensional geometry first, and then, based on that data, boundary conditions of two-dimensional plasma discharge model are set. In the particular case of SiH4-NH3-N2-He CCP discharge to produce deposition of SiNxHy thin film, a cylindrical showerhead electrode reactor was studied by numerical modeling of mass, momentum and energy transports for charged particles in an axi-symmetric geometry. By solving transport equations of electron and radicals simultaneously, we observed that the way how source gases are consumed in the non-isothermal flow field and such consequences on active species production were outlined as playing the leading parts in the processes. As an example of application of the model for the prediction of the deposited thickness uniformity in a 300 mm wafer plasma processing chamber, the results were compared with the experimentally measured deposition profiles along the radius of the wafer varying inter-electrode gap. The simulation results were in good agreement with experimental data.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.125-132
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• 1990

실제로 미끼로써 사용되고 있는 수산동물로부터의 추출물질의 화학자극으로서의 효과를 측정하기 위하여 3가지 동물로부터서의 추출물질을 도너트형의 실험수로에서 흘려보내면서, 붕장어가 그것을 만났을 때의 반응을 측정하였다. 자극물질로서는 고등어, 전어, 크릴로부터 엑스분을 추출한 것을 썼는데, 고등어는 일반 어시장에서 유통되는 것, 전어는 바로 죽은 것, 크릴은 냉동된 것을 썼다. 엑스분을 추출하는 방법으로는 Konosu 등의 방법을 썼으며, 공시어는 충무 근해에서 통발로 잡은 붕장어를 썼다. 1. 화학자극으로 고등어, 전어, 크릴의 추출물질을 주었을 때 자극영감에서의 체류시간의 비율은 고등어가 7.9%, 전어가 30.9%, 크릴이 9.7%였다. 이것은 고등어와 크릴은 그 비율이 임의영감에서의 평균기대확율(12.5%)보다 작아서 오히려 기피하는 현상을 보이는 것 같고, 전어는 그 비율이 높아서 유인결과가 있는 것으로 판단되었다. 2. 시험수로내에서의 1분간의 평균이동거리는 고등어의 추출물질을 주었을 때 389cm, 전어는 344cm, 크릴은 369cm로서, 전어가 가장 작으나 그 차이가 크지 않아서 유음적인 차이는 없는 것 같다. 3. 전어를 바로 죽인 것, 죽은 지 24시간 경과한 것, 48시간 경과한 것으로부터서의 추출물질을 주어서 시료의 선도에 따른 반응을 비교한 결과, 체류시간의 비율이 각각 30.9%, 17.1%, 11.3%여서 죽은 지 48시간 경과한 것은 임의의 영감에 있어서의 평균기대확율보다 낮아 공시어가 기피한다고 판단되었고, 바로 죽인 전어에서 추출한 것은 유인결과가 컸다. 따라서 미끼의 유인결과는 미끼의 조성성분보다는 선도에 더 크게 지배되는 것으로 판단된다.