• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한예방의학회 1994년도 교수 연수회(역학)
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• pp.158-163
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• 1994

Slightly elevated urinary albumin excretion rate (microalhuminuria) is a marker of early diabectic nephropathy, but it is unclear if the established definition of microalbuminuria ($20-200{\mu}g/min$) is correct for children and adolescents. We investigated th.: albumin excretion rate, albumin/creatinine ratio and urinary albumin concentration in 150 healthy schoolchildren and adolescents to (a) obtain a reterence value for albumin excretion rate, (b) relate albumin excretion to pubertal stages and (c) evaluate albumin/creatinine ratio and morning albumin concentration as screening methods for elevated albumin excretion rate. Albumin concentration was measured by immunoturbidimetry in timed overnight urine samples. The albumin excretion showed a skewed distribution (geometric mean $3.2{\mu}g/min$, 95 percentile ($15.1{\mu}g/min$). In girls. a peak in the albumin excretion rate was found at the pubertal stage 4 (Tanner) and in boys at stage 5. Albumin/creatinine ratio of 2.5 mg/mmol as a screening level for elevated albumin excretion ($15{\mu}g/min$) showed a high positive (0.88) and negative (0.99) predictive value.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.99-112
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• 1992

This research was designed to illuminate that work domains and family domains are not separated but interacting spheres and to suggest efficient coping strategies than alleviate work/family role conflicts. The subjects of this study were 395 employed professional wives living in Seoul. Korea. Survey methods were questionnaires. Data analysis strategies were percentile, frequency, one-way-anova and multiple classification analysis. The results were as follows; 1)Employed wives experienced time-based conflicts and strain-based role conflicts. This finding supports the scarcity approach that multiple roles inevitably create strain. 2) Individual, family and work-related variables were predictors of work/family role conflicts. This findings indicate that work domains and family domains cannot be regraded as separated spheres. 3) Employed wives tried to meet all the given roles demands not by reducing role responsibilities, but by increasing the efficiency of role performance. This finding reflects the characteristics of employed wives who try to perform successfully all the responsibilities. 4)The negative correlation of coping strategies and work/family role conflicts suggests that strategies can function effectively in alleviating the work/family role conflicts.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.51-62
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• 1998

The purposes of this study were to investigate the difference of maternal parenting stress and social support according to infant's age and to examine the effect of social support and infant's age on parenting stress. The subjects were 145 mothers who have 2-5 olds children. The questionnaire was used as a methodological instrument and the statistics used for data analysis were frequency percentile mean t-test Pearson's r-coefficient and multiple regression. Results of this study indicate that mothers with 2-3 olds child perceived more child's demandingness and mothers with 4-5 olds child perceived more mother's competence. Mothers with 2-3 olds child perceived more social support than mothers with 4-5 olds child. Husbahd's support and infant's age were found to be important variables in predicting parenting stress.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2003

This paper compares the time perspective between Korean and American college students and examines the difference of it according to gender and social status of them. The subject of this study were 385 Korean students and 385 American counterparts. The data were collected by survey with questionnaires and analyzed by SPSS program for the frequency, percentile, mean, standard deviation, t-test, one-way ANOVA and Duncan test. The results indicate that American students have more long-term personal direction than Korean counterparts and the effects of gender and social status are different in Korea and America. Korean students showed no difference according to these two variables but female America students indicate more long-term personal direction than male students and the time perspectives were different according to social status in America.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.237-252
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• 1997

The purpose of this study were to identify the income allocation structure of private education and child care and to analyze contributing factors income allocation structure of private education and child care for two children among Korean married couples. For these purposes total sample of 760 married couples those having two children of both pre-school aged and elementary school aged wee selected and total sample was divided into two groups by first child's school aged; those were pre-school aged(375) and elementary school aged (385) Statistics were frequencies means percentile and Tobit and OLS analysis. The results were as follows. First 268 households among the households those having the first child of pre-school aged spent 11% of income for private education while 29 households spent 7% of income for child care. 348 households among the households having the first child of elementary school aged spent 11% of income for private education. Second pre=-school aged' contri uting factors to income allocation struture of private education and child care were household family type family size home ownership and financial asset amount and elementary school-aged factors were satisfaction of family relationship and financial asset.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.31-44
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to investigate the difference of maternal parenting stress through early childhood between urban(Seoul and Incheon) and rural area(Iksan and Kimpo). The subjects were 286 unemployed mothers who have less than 5-year-old children. The statistics used for this data were frequency, percentile, t-test, ANOVA, and multiple regression. The finding from the present study certainly suggested that mother's level of self-differentiation, marital satisfaction, father's parenting support turned out to a significant variables on maternal parenting stress. Results of the regression analysis that the etiologic model of this study was more proper to urban than rural area, and father's parenting support is the most effective variable in predicting maternal parenting stress in both area. Implications based on this study are as follows ; parenting education programs to encourage for father's parenting support with be developed, and various empirical studies about maternal parenting stress in with area will be needed.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• 제38권12호
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• pp.111-129
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to investigate the level of consumer instantly impulse buying in cuber market user. Also this study analyzes causal effect on consumer instantly impulse purchasing by demographic and social, place and promotion, consumer emotion state, and consumer internal and psychological variables. The data had been collected from on-line research method with 1,034, as using cuber market. The major statistical methods used for data analysis are frequency, percentile, mean, factor analysis, multiple regression analysis, Pearson's correlation analysis, and path analysis. The result of causal effect analysis were as follows; First, the variables affecting possession oriented materialism were sex and age. Second, the variables affecting self-control were sex, income, account of credit card, and instantly state of mind. Third, variables directly affecting instantly impulse purchasing were serif employed, banner advertisement, experience of cuber shopping, shopping mall pattern, instantly state of mind, purpose of shopping, happiness and success oriented materialism, and self-control. Also sex, income account of credit card, and instantly state of mind emerge to indirectly effect via self-control. Especially, the variables of success oriented materialism and instantly state of mind influenced on the highest of relative variables in consumer instantly impulse purchasing.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.61-84
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to investigate Cheju Women\`s Social Education to improve social education. The data were collected by means of Questionnaire distributed to a stratified sample of 1,447 women in Cheju. Frequency, percentile, mean, x$^2$, t-test, one-way ANOVA were used to analyze the data. The study resulted in five major findings. The majority of respondents had a experience of social education. The motive of participation was to adapt oneself to new social circumstances. The respondents satisfied with social education. But, the discontented person pointed out level of lecturer. The respondents required foci educational institutions to teach social education for licences. They preferred teaching practice to theory. This study will be a primary material for development of programs which are aimed at enhancing women's abilities and roles in accordance with the changes in social structure and the circumstances of the times.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• 제36권7호
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• pp.57-67
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• 1998

This study was to compare the financial status between elderly households - retired vs employed. The sample obtained from 1994 KHPS, and consisted of 628 Korean aged households who are currently married. Statistics employed to analyze the data are mean, frequency, percentile, t-test, and relative-ratio. The results of this study were as follows ; In income sources, earned income was majority of employed households, but the percent of unearned income was greater than retired households. While the percent of cloth, education, recreation expenditures were high in employed, and medical, housing expenditures wee high percentage in retired. The percentage of real asset(housing) was majority of total asset in two groups. And the percentage of safe liquid asset of retired households was relatively higher than employed households.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.183-195
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• 2015

In this paper, we propose a two-stage group acceptance sampling plan for generalized inverted exponential distribution under truncated life test. Median life is considered as a quality parameter. Design parameters are obtained to ensure that true median life is longer than a given specified life at certain level of consumer's risk and producer's risk. We also explore situations under which design parameters based on median lifetime can be used for other percentile points. Tables and specific examples are reported to explain the proposed plans. Finally a real data set is analyzed to implement the plans in practical situations and some suggestions are given.