• Fibers and Polymers
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.339-342
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• 2005

In this paper, a hand-operating method (tiled test method) of the wool-blending sample is made out, and make use of the method, the test of wool-blending bundle in different blending ratio is accomplished. According to the test data, the synthesis method of the stretch curve is worked out and the synthesis software for the typical stretch curve of wool-blending bundle is designed. Through laboratory hand-operating method, the blending fasciculus applying to fiber bundle test can be obtained in a short time. Calculation for sampling is accomplished in the article. We bring up 9 new signs to describe the characteristics of the curve behind peak for the first time: elongation behind peak (HE), elongation percentage behind peak (HEP), relative elongation rate behind peak (RHE), total break work $(W_a)$, break work behind peak (HW), break work coefficient behind peak (HWC), elongation percentage of half-load behind peak (HEL), load percentage of half-elongation behind peak (HLE), break efficiency behind peak (HEC).

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.71-72
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• 1985

This study was performed on the dose distribution of various field size and the effect of penumbra shield in the telecobalt unit. The results obtained are as follows. 1. Errors of the light and ${\gamma}-ray$ field size was below the regulation as 0.52 percentage. 2. The coefficient of field area was increased with the larger field area, and this coefficient was showed the more difference in larger SSD. 3. The rectangular field areas, which were described by level of the same percentage depth does, were decreased with the more elongation factor. At the same elongation factor, the compensating factor was decreased with the larger field size. 4. The lead block or extension collimator was able to shield r-ray exposure of outside field size from 50 to 80 percentage. 5. On the matching adjacent fields, while the gap between beam edges are contacted, that overlapped beam edges indicated up to 140 percentage, and while the gap was 1 cm, it could be reduced to 90 Percentage. The lead-libocking on the overlapped area was more effective to lower dose, as 80 percentage in this case. 6. Percentage depth dose of various trimming field sizes were increased linearlly according to area 1 perimeter size, but the center split field size did not maintain linearlly.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.563-580
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• 1991

The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the biomechanical properties of orthodontic rubber elastic materials. Latex bands, nylon-covered elastic threads and polyurethane-based elastic modules, delivering $205{\pm}10$ grams force at 30mm stretching state were selected and stored separately in 3 environments-air ($22{\pm}3^{\circ}C$), distilled water ($37{\pm}1^{\circ}C$), or natural saliva ($37{\pm}1^{\circ}C$). And, the amount of remaining force and permanent elongation of each sample were measured on Instron at interval of 1 hour, 6 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours, 1 week, and 2 weeks. So the data derived were analyzed statistically. The results were as follows: 1. Force decay and permanent elongation of all materials increased with time lapsed; elastic module, latex band and nylon-covered elastic thread in that order of the amount of force decay; elastic module, elastic thread, latex band in that order of the amount of permanent elongation. 2. Among environmental conditions, force decay and permanent elongation in natural saliva, most increased, and those in air, least increased. 3. There was a negative correlation between force decay and permanent elongation. 4. Force decay and permanent elongation were most affected by the material itself, time and environments in that order. 5. After 24 hours in saliva, the percentage of remaining force in elastic module was 51.9% (107.37grams); in latex band, 83.2%(172.62grams); in elastic thread, 85.0%(179.25grams). After 2 weeks in saliva, the percentage of remaining force in elastic module was 42.9%(88.75grams); in latex band, 74.5%(154.50grams); in elastic thread, 77.6%(163.75grams).

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.287-294
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• 2006

Germination and early elongation of rice after germination were investigated in anoxic air treatment, nitric oxide gas treatment, and six concentrations of mercuric chloride solutions to determine the effects of limited oxygen environment, nitric oxide, and inhibited water flux through cell membrane in $17^{\circ}C$. Anoxic air treatment affected germination of tested six varieties very little. However root elongation rates were severely inhibited while shoot growth was affected less. Reductions in shoot and root elongations demonstrated genotypic variations. Nitric oxide delayed the germination of rice even though it didn't affect the final percent germination. Elongations of root and shoot were inhibited in nitric oxide treatment. The inhibitor effect of nitric oxide on the shoot elongation of rice was less severe, while nitric oxide completely inhibited the root emergence of rice. Concentrations of $HgCl_2$ greater than $300{\mu}M$ dramatically reduced the rate and percentage of germination when compared to distilled water treatment. The reduced percent germination showed the greatest variation among rice varieties in $500{\mu}M$ solution of mercuric chloride. Ansanbyeo, Jinheung, and Odaebyeo were affected less by $HgCl_2$, Nonganbyeo and Sangmibyeo were intermediate, and the germination of Andabyeo was greatly reduced by $HgCl_2$. Root elongation of germinated rice seedlings was more sensitive to oxygen deficits, nitric oxide, and $HgCl_2$ treatments than germination and shoot elongation. In conclusion, poor seedling establishment of rice sown in flooded paddy soils, in which the oxygen supply to the seeds is restricted, appears to the result of limited root elongation rate.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2022년도 가을 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.191-192
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• 2022

It was intended to evaluate whether the primer affects the physical performance of the waterproofing membrane coating. For this end, the physical performance change of the urethane waterproofing membrane coating was evaluated for urethane-based and polymer-based primers. As a result of the evaluation, it was confirmed that the type of primer may affect the physical performance of the waterproofing membrane coating. In particular, a difference in performance of more than 100% was confirmed in tensile strength and percentage elongation. Through these results, it was confirmed that the selection of the primer was important. In the future, follow-up studies on various waterproofing membrane coatings are needed.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.59-67
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• 1987

To verify allelopathic effect of tomato plants a number of labovatory experiments, seed germination and seedling growth with aqueous extracts and leachates form the tomato plants, have performed. Germination percentage of the tested species was decreased by treatment with leaf, stem and root extracts as extracting time elapses. The leaf extract more inhibits the germination of the seeds than both stem and root extracts. Leachate collected from the tomato plants decreases as much as 50% of the growths in elongation as well as dry weight of seedlings of lettuce and egg plant. It is observed that with a paired-plants grown in U tube pot the tomato roots have excreted allelochemicals to inhibit the growth of the tested species and volatile substances from the tomato plants have suppressed to dry weights of lettuce, to elongation and dry weights of grapevine planted near the tomato plants.

• 열처리공학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.133-139
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• 2011

This study has been investigated for tensile properties with lead-free brass containing 1 wt.% of Bi. And also characteristic of corrosion resistance was analyzed by polarization test. An increase of tempering temperature was found to tend to decrease tensile strength, and percentage of elongation was shown to be the lowest value at $300^{\circ}C$. On the other hand, the elongation was increased with an increase of tempering temperature after $300^{\circ}C$. The change of mechanical properties was closely related with the content and shape of acicular Witmanst$\ddot{a}$tten ${\alpha}$ formed at the interface of ${\beta}$ phase as well as in ${\beta}$ phase. Tensile strength had a tendency to be decreased with an increase of test temperature. The elongation was shown to be the lowest value at around $300^{\circ}C$, while it began to increase as test temperature rose after $300^{\circ}C$. It might be speculated that the reason that elongation was decreased was found to form bismuth film at the interface of ${\alpha}/{\beta}$ phase leading to be easily brittle when loaded by tensile stress. The lead-free brass containing 1 wt.% of Bi had similar characteristic of corrosion resistance with a free-cutting brass with 3.4 wt. % of Pb in spite of higher fraction of ${\beta}$ phase.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제29권12호
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• pp.1619-1626
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• 2005

탄성직물의 내구성은 탄성직물에 포함된 스판덱스사의 성질변화가 큰 영향을 미친다. 그러므로 본 연구에서는 세탁조건이 스판덱스사의 길이, 강도와 신도, $300\%$신장 후의 영구탄성 변화에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 시료로는 굵기가 다른 스판덱스사와 heat-set 시 신장률이 다른 편성물을 가정용 드림세탁기에서 세탁온도, 세탁 전 침지시간과 세탁휫수를 달리하여 세탁한 후, 편성물로부터 스판덱스사를 분리하여 기계적 성질을 측정하였다 스판덱스사의 길이는 세탁온도가 높아지거나, $40\%$에서 세탁휫수가 증가하면 계속 감소하였으나 세탁 전 침지시간에 따른 영향은 비교적 적었다 섬유가 가늘수록 길이 수축률이 크며 세척 조건변화에 따른 수축률이 크게 증가하였다. 스판덱스사의 강도와 신도는 반복 세척 시의 감소가 뚜렷하였으며, heat-set 시에는 강도와 신도도 크게 감소하였고, heat-set 시에 가해준 신장률이 클수록 감소가 더 컸다. 한편 스판덱스사의 영구변형률은 세탁온도가 높으며, 침지시간이 길고, 세탁횟수가 많을 때 현저히 높았다. 대체적으로 굵은 스판덱스사의 영구변형률이 크며, 140D는 30회 세척 후에 $28.0\%$의 영구변형 이 일어났다. Heat-set로 스판덱스사의 영구변형은 늘어나며, heat-set 시에 신장률이 큰 스판덱스사의 영구변형이 더 많았다. DSC 열분석 곡선에서 스판덱스 섬유는 반복 세탁과 heat-set여부와 관계없이 동일한 융해온도를 나타내었으며, 이로부터 스판덱스 섬유의 hard segment분자쇄 길이는 세탁 또는 heat-set후에도 변화가 없는 것으로 보여진다.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.79-85
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• 1994

Worm cast is one of the effective and the least harmful organic fertilizer. The purpost of this work is to elucidate the physiological role of worm cast in the plant growth. Worm cast extract contains 17.83ppm of zinc, but either cadmium or lead were not detected in it. Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. cv. H. N. Semiwhite) was germinated and incubated with percentage-varied extract. While 10% extract stimulated sprouting of seeds, 100% extract had no effct on it. 50% extract and 100% extract enhanced hypercotyl elongation and fresh weight most effectively. Dry matter and zinc concentration in hypercotyl were increased as percentage of extract increased. Protein con-tent was not affected by extract, 100% extract inhibits water uptake of seedling. Considering these, enhancement of seedling growth was mainly based on increment of water uptake.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제31권8호
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• pp.1315-1323
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• 1998

Effect of oral taurine supplementation on plasma total and phospholidpid -fatty acid profiles and their metabolism were evaluated in healthy female adults. Among twenty five female volunteers(23.6$\pm$0.3 years old ) participated in the taruine supplementation program(6g taurine /day), twenty four subjects succesfully completed the 2 week program , and only nine subjects continued to take taurine for another 2 weeks. Levels of plasma fatty acids and taruine were measured by gas-liquid chromatobraphy and an automated amino acid analyzer based on ion exchange chromatography, respectively. Plasma taurine concentration s of the subjects were 108. 7$\pm$3.4 , 184.2$\pm$8.2 and 235.9$\pm$77.0$\mu$emol/L at 0 , 2 and 4 weeks of taurine supplementation. Fatty acid compositions and elongation and desaturation indices of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in plasma total lipids were not influenced by oral taurine supplementation. However, fatty acid compositions and their metabolism in plasma phospholipids were significantly affected by taurine supplementation in female adults. Compared to the values for 0 week, the percentage of saturated fatty acids (SFA) in plasma phospholipid was significantly lowered at 2 weeks, but elevated at 4 weeks of taurine supplementation. In contrast , the percentage of phospholipid PUFA significantly increased at 2 weeks and decreased at 4 weeks of taurine supplementation from to the values for 0 weeks. Foru weeks of oral taurine supplementation signifinatly elevated the eongation index(20 : 4$\omega$6 ⇒22 : 4 $\omega$6, p<0.01), and decreased the desaturation index (20 : 3 $\omega$6 ⇒20 : 4 $\omega$6 , p<0.01) of $\omega$6 fatty acids in plasma phospholipids. Plasma taurine concentration was positively correlated with the percentage of 14 : 0 fatty acids and the enlongation index o f$\omega$3 fatty acids(20 : 5 $\omega$3 ⇒22 : 5 $\omega$3), and thenegatively correlated with the percentage of 20 : 0 in plasma phospholipids. These results indicate that oral taurine supplementation for 4 weeks signidicantly elelvated the percentage of SFA, and lowered the percentage of PUFA in plasma phospholipids with no influence on plasm total fatty aicd composition in healthy female adults.