• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.138-146
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• 2014

Purpose: This single institutional study is aimed to observe the outcome of patients who received postoperative radiotherapy after radical prostatectomy. Materials and Methods: A total of 59 men with histologically identified prostate adenocarcinoma who had received postoperative radiation after radical prostatectomy from August 2005 to July 2011 in Seoul St. Mary's Hospital of the Catholic University of Korea, was included. They received 45-50 Gy to the pelvis and boost on the prostate bed was given up to total dose of 63-72 Gy (median, 64.8 Gy) in conventional fractionation. The proportion of patients given hormonal therapy and the pattern in which it was given were analyzed. Primary endpoint was biochemical relapse-free survival (bRFS) after radiotherapy completion. Secondary endpoint was overall survival (OS). Biochemical relapse was defined as a prostate-specific antigen level above 0.2 ng/mL. Results: After median follow-up of 53 months (range, 0 to 104 months), the 5-year bRFS of all patients was estimated 80.4%. The 5-year OS was estimated 96.6%. Patients who were given androgen deprivation therapy had a 5-year bRFS of 95.1% while the ones who were not given any had that of 40.0% (p < 0.01). However, the statistical significance in survival difference did not persist in multivariate analysis. The 3-year actuarial grade 3 chronic toxicity was 1.7% and no grade 3 acute toxicity was observed. Conclusion: The biochemical and toxicity outcome of post-radical prostatectomy radiotherapy in our institution is favorable and comparable to those of other studies.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.252-259
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• 2013

Purpose: To report the results of dosimetric comparison between intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) using Tomotherapy and four-box field conformal radiotherapy (CRT) for pelvic irradiation of locally advanced rectal cancer. Materials and Methods: Twelve patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who received a short course preoperative chemoradiotherapy (25 Gy in 5 fractions) on the pelvis using Tomotherapy, between July 2010 and December 2010, were selected. Using their simulation computed tomography scans, Tomotherapy and four-box field CRT plans with the same dose schedule were evaluated, and dosimetric parameters of the two plans were compared. For the comparison of target coverage, we analyzed the mean dose, $V_{nGy}$, $D_{min}$, $D_{max}$, radical dose homogeneity index (rDHI), and radiation conformity index (RCI). For the comparison of organs at risk (OAR), we analyzed the mean dose. Results: Tomotherapy showed a significantly higher mean target dose than four-box field CRT (p = 0.001). But, $V_{26.25Gy}$ and $V_{27.5Gy}$ were not significantly different between the two modalities. Tomotherapy showed higher $D_{max}$ and lower $D_{min}$. The Tomotherapy plan had a lower rDHI than four-box field CRT (p = 0.000). Tomotherapy showed better RCI than four-box field CRT (p = 0.007). For OAR, the mean irradiated dose was significantly lower in Tomotherapy than four-box field CRT. Conclusion: In locally advanced rectal cancer, Tomotherapy delivers a higher conformal radiation dose to the target and reduces the irradiated dose to OAR than four-box field CRT.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.24-31
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• 2012

The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of self-stretching exercises for iliotibial band (ITB) (Side-lying; right hip and knee were flexed to support the pelvis while left hip was extended and adducted, Standing A; side-bending of the trunk on standing with crossed leg, Standing B; same as Standing A, except the hands were clasped overhead and shifted right side, and Standing C; same as Standing B, except moving the arms diagonally downward) to help determine the most effective self-stretching method to stretch ITB. Twenty-one healthy subjects who do not have ITB shortness from Yonsei University (14 men and 7 women) between the ages of 18 to 28 years voluntarily participated. Ultrasound was performed to measure the thickness of the ITB between the long axis of the ITB and the level parallel to the lateral femoral epicondyle during four self-stretching exercises. All data were found to approximate a normal distribution. We used a one-way repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) to compare the thickness of the ITB among all self-stretching exercises. The level of significance was set at ${\alpha}$=.05. The ANOVA was followed by Bonferroni's correction. The overall mean of ITB thickness was $1.14{\pm}.4$ mm (${\pm}$ standard deviation) in resting status. The change in the ITB thickness in percentages between the tested position of each self-stretching exercises and resting status was significant (p<.05) (Side-lying $26.62{\pm}10.18%$ with 95% confidence interval [CI]=21.99~31.25%; Standing A $29.46{\pm}16.19%$ with 95% CI=22.09~36.84%; Standing B $44.06{\pm}14.82%$ with 95% CI=37.31~50.81%; Standing C $53.76{\pm}12.1%$ with 95% CI=48.25~59.29%). Results indicated significant differences among four self-stretching exercises except Side-lying versus Standing A (p<.01). Based on these findings, the Standing C self-stretching exercise was the most effective in stretching the ITB thickness among four types of ITB self-stretching exercises. Additionally, the Side-lying self-stretching exercise using gravity to stretch the ITB is recommended as a low-load (low-intensity), long-duration stretch.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.372-380
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• 2004

Cleidocranial dysplasia(CCD) is a congenital disorder of skeletal and dental abnormality, which is mesodermal dysfunction influencing many tissues and organs. Skeletal abnormalities in CCD are delayed closure of cranial suture and fontanelle, presence of wormian bone and clavicle aplasia. And CCD has an effect on the long bones, phalanges, spine, pelvis, muscles, and central nervous system. Dental manifestations include retention of deciduous teeth, multiple supernumerary teeth, delayed or absent eruption of permanent teeth and formation of cysts around nonerupted teeth. But as a result in common with a lack of medical and physical disability patient may have no substantive complaint, there are many masticatory and psychological problem by absent eruption of permanent teeth after exfoliation of deciduous teeth. For this reason CCD is necessary fo early diagnosis and must be improvement of the patient's appearance as well as provision of a functioning masticatory mechanism by treatment of surgical removal of supernumerary teeth, followed orthodontically eruption of the natural permanent teeth at adequate time.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.456-463
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• 2009

Cleidocranial dysplasia(CCD) is a congenital disorder of skeletal and dental abnormality, which is a mesodermal dysfunction influencing many tisssues and organs. Skeletal abnormalities in CCD are delayed closure of cranial suture and fontanelle, presence of wormian bone and clavicle aplasia. CCD also has an effect on long bones, phalanges, spine, pelvis, muscles, and central nervous system. Dental manifestations include retention of deciduous teeth, multiple supernumerary teeth, delayed eruption or impaction of permanent teeth and formation of cysts around nonerupted teeth. However, due to lack of any substansive medical or physical disability, diagnosis is often late, thereby causing masticatory and psychological problems caused by delayed eruption of permanent teeth after exfoliation of deciduous teeth. For this reason, CCD requires early diagnosis, and the patient's appearance must be improved. Also, provision for a functional masticatiory mechanism by treatment of surgical removal of supernumerary teeth followed by orthodontic eruption of the natural permanent teeth at an adequate time is necessary.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.23-29
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• 2004

The relationship between the dose calculated with a radiotherapy treatment planning system (RTPS) and CT number verses the relative electron density curve was investigated for various CT voltages and beam qualifies. We obtained the relationship between the CT numbers and electron densities of the tissue equivalent materials for various CT voltages and beam qualifies. At lower CT voltages, the higher density materials, like cortical bone, showed larger CT numbers and the soft tissues showed no variations. We peformed a phantom study in a RTPS, where a phantom consisted of lung and bone legions in water. We calculated the dose received behind the lung and bone regions for 6 MV photon beams, in which the regions below the lung, water and bone received higher doses in this listed order. The result was the same for 10 MV photon beams. For the clinical application, the doses were calculated for the lung and pelvis. No difference was observed when using different electron density conversion tables with various CT voltages from a same CT. A relative dose difference of 1.5% was obtained when the CT machine for the density conversion table was different from that for the CT image for planning.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.427-431
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• 2013

The purpose of this study in the patient suffering from scoliosis analyse the degree of scoliosis, Cobb's angle, by Yoga exercise therapy and then find the effects of Yoga program on idiopathic scoliosis. In this study, yoga program restores flexibility and elasticity by relaxing and contracting muscles around vertebrea. It could help scoliosis from balancing agonistic muscle, antagonistic muscle and synergistic muscle during exercise. so did pelvis movement and vertebral twisting movement. The subject for this experiment was a meddle school girl diagnosed with scoliosis in C hospital in Gwang-ju city. In order to find the effects of yoga program on idiopathic scoliosis, conducted yoga program 60minutes a day, 5days a week for 12weeks. Before and after experiment, measured Cobb's angle by radiation and verified effects. First, master of yoga and chiropractor studied and made movement together. Second, Yoga program-developed about scoliosis was prescribed for the meddle school girl suffering from scoliosis during 12weeks. Third, Feasibility and effect was verified on idiopathic scoliosis by yoga program. As a result, the amount of curvature was reduced about 5degrees than before and improved the idiopathic scoliosis. Lots of Yoga movements help patients of idiopathic scoliosis to be improved. It shows that Yoga program could give adolescent scoliosis a hand.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.129-136
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• 2009

The incidence of ectopic pregnancy is increased since in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) has started. And because of the possibility of combined pregnancy after IVF-ET, bilateral adnexal area and other portion of pelvis should be examined carefully by transvaginal ultrasonography during follow-up period. The rate of combined pregnancy after IVF is estimated to be as high as 0.2~1%. Since the incidence of combined pregnancies is markedly higher with IVF, special attention to this possibility after ET is warranted. According to a recent report, the occurrence of interstitial pregnancy is estimated to be 1:3600 for all pregnancies achieved with IVF. The prevalence of interstitial pregnancies is 2~4% of ectopic pregnancies. Interstitial pregnancies tend to be diagnosed later than most other ectopic pregnancies, and if uterine rupture occurs, the resulting hemorrhage can be severe. Currently, about 2% to 3% of interstitial pregnancies are thought to carry a maternal death, which is twice that of other tubal gestations. We report a case of simultaneous left tubal and right interstitial pregnancies after IVF-ET with a brief review of literature.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.15
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• pp.6267-6272
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• 2015

Background: Extra nodal lymphoma (ENL) constitutes about 33 % of all non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. 18-28% develops in the head and neck region. A multimodality treatment with multi-agent chemotherapy (CT) and radiotherapy (RT) is considered optimum. Materials and Methods: We retrieved the treatment charts of patients of HNENL treated in our institute from 2001-2012. The charts were reviewed and the demographic, treatment details and outcome of HNENL patients were retrieved using predesigned pro-forma. Results: We retrieved data of 75consecutive patients HNENL. Median age was 47years (Range: 8-76 years). Of the 75 patients 51 were male and 24 were female. 55patients were evaluable. The patient and tumor characteristics are summarized in Table 1. All patients were staged comprehensively with contrast enhanced computed tomography of head, neck, thorax, abdomen, pelvis and bone marrow aspiration and biopsy 66 patients received a combination multi-agent CT with CHOP being the commonest regimen. 42 patients received 4 or lesser number of cycles of chemotherapy whereas 24received more than 4 cycles chemotherapy. Post radiotherapy, 41 out of 42 patients had a complete response at 3 months. Only 21patients had a complete response after chemotherapy. All patients received radiation (mostly involved field radiation) as a part of the treatment. The median radiation dose was 45 Gray (Range: 36 Gray-50 Gray). The radiation was planned by 2D fluoro simulation based technique in 37cases and by 3 Dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3DCRT) in 36 cases. Two patients were planned by the intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) technique. IMRT was planned for one thyroid and one nasal cavity primary. 5 patients experienced relapse after a median follow up of 19 months. The median survival was not reached. The estimated two and three year survival were 92.9% (95%CI- 68.6- 95.35) and 88% (95%CI- 60.82 - 92.66) respectively. Univariate analysis revealed higher stage and poorer baseline performance status to be significantly associated with worse progression free survival. 5 patients progressed (relapse or primary disease progression) after treatment. Of the 5 patients, two patients were primary orbital NHL, two patients had NHL nasal cavity and one was NHL thyroid. Conclusions: Combined modality treatment in HNENL confers excellent disease control with acceptable side effects.

• Journal of rehabilitation welfare engineering & assistive technology
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.257-263
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to survey the elderly patients through Basic information, Problems Wheelchair, Wheelchair Satisfaction, Usage and Requirements. The meaning of purpose is identify the problems and difficulties of wheelchair use in geriatric patients and an alternative for the correct use of wheelchairs elderly patients. The study investigated through questionnaires. That used questionnaires to modified to Gu Hyeon-Mo questionnaire (2005) and Quebec User Evaluation of Satisfaction with assistive Technology 2.0. 120 of 150 questionnaires were collected and one of them is excluded. Analysis results suggest the following. It was often feel joint pain results from physical damage. In addition when you use a wheelchair it was often feel discomfort in lower back and pelvis. And it feels uncomfortable when moving the tilt. Wheelchair satisfaction of the participants responded to the most 'Normal'. Results of the wheelchair operation ability is as follows. In the case of manual wheelchairs was feeling the difficulty to cross the threshold, Wheel lying, Stairs usage. Also In the case of an electric wheelchair was feeling the difficulty to use Tilt and Decline, Separate from the motor, and Replacement battery. In conclusion, To reduce of back pain and hip joints of elderly patients need to modify design and appearance of the wheelchair. In a later study will find to reduce discomfort and to improve satisfaction of the elderly who use wheelchairs. It will have to periodically examine the usage and satisfaction with them.