• Korean Linguistics
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• 제48권
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• pp.333-354
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• 2010

When defining the word related to passive and causative in Korean dictionary, the meaning of headword can be explained by linking them to other related words. The link could be expressed into two forms; the one is 'passive verb causative verb of A' and the other is 'passive form causative form of A.' Whichever the dictionary takes, the important thing is that the content to which it refer should be correct. However the format of 'passive verb causative verb of A' and 'passive form causative form of A' is problematic because the definition of headword does not contain semantic information but syntactic or morphological information. Generic concept 'passive form causative form' and 'passive verb causative verb' refers to respectively morphological and syntactic level but specific concept 'A' refers to semantic level. These morphological, syntactic and semantic level can not be a same dimension so the size of their denotation can not be compared. The way of transform syntactic dimension 'passive verb causative verb' and morphological dimension 'passive form causative form' into semantic dimension is removing 'verb' and 'form' from 'passive verb causative verb' and 'passive form causative form' respectively. Therefore the expression 'passive verb causative verb of A' or 'passive form causative form of A' ought be changed into 'passive causative of A.'

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.1-20
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• 2008

The dynamic characteristics of the passive, semi-active, and active tuned-liquidcolumn dampers (or TLCDs) are studied in this paper. The design of the latter two are based on the first one. A water-head difference (or simply named as water head in this paper) of a passive TLCD is pre-set to form the so-called semi-active one in this paper. The pre-set of water head is released at a proper time instant during an earthquake excitation in order to enhance the vibration reduction of a structure. Two propellers are installed along a shaft inside and at the center of a passive TLCD to form an active one. These two propellers are driven by a servo-motor controlled by a computer to provide the control force. The seismic responses of a five-story shear building with a passive, semiactive, and active TLCDs are computed for demonstration and discussion. The responses of this building with a tuned mass damper (or TMD) are also included for comparison. The small-scale shaking-table experiments of a pendulum-like system with a passive or active TLCD to harmonic and seismic excitations are conducted for verification.

• Korean Journal of English Language and Linguistics
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.211-225
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• 2001

The prepositional object (PO) of an active sentence in English can sometimes be passivized, becoming the subject of the corresponding passive sentence. In particular, the verb (V) and preposition (P) in the English prepositional passive (P-Passive) are assumed to be reanalyzed to form a single structural unit, giving the status of a verbal object to the PO to be passivized. However, not every V+P sequence can undergo reanalysis, permitting the passivization of POs. Thus, we have to explain what licenses the reanalysis of V and p. resulting in an acceptable P-Passive sentence. In this paper, I will identify the factors which determine the passivization possibilities of POs and explain how they interact with one another. The results of this study will illustrate how formal and functional factors work together to form a major syntactic construction and to determine its grammaticality and acceptability.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.831-846
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• 2015

Magneto-Rheological (MR) dampers are being used increasingly because of their adaptability to control algorithms and reliability of passive systems. In this paper, an extensive investigation on performance of MR dampers in semi-active and passive modes has been carried out. It is observed that the overall energy dissipation by MR dampers in passive-on modes is higher than that in semi-active modes for most of the competitive semi-active controllers. Based on the energy dissipation pattern, a novel semi-active controller, termed as "Simple Passive Semi-Active Controller", has been proposed for MR dampers. This controller can be emulated by a simple passive hardware proposed in this paper. The proposed concept of controller "hardware emulation" is innovative and can also be implemented for other semi-active devices for control algorithms of certain form. The effectiveness and reliability of the proposed controller has been investigated extensively through numerical simulations. It has been demonstrated that the proposed controller is competitive to or more effective than other widely used / investigated semi-active controllers.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 한국정밀공학회 2001년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.179-183
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• 2001

Vibration isolation of mechanical systems, in general is achieved through either passive or active vibration control system. Although passive vibration isolators offer simple and reliable means to protect mechanical system from vibration environment, passive vibration isolator has inherent performance limitation. Whereas, active vibration isolator provide significantly superior vibration-isolation performance. Recently, many studied and applications are carried out in this field. In this study, vibration-isolation characteristics of active vibration control system using electromagnetic force actuator are investigated. Some control algorithms. Optimal Feedforward are used for active vibration isolation. Form the experimental results of each control algorithms, active vibration isolation characteristics are investigated.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.27-34
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• 2019

Recently the architectural paradigm have been changing into eco-friendly architecture as an sustainable architecture. This social background encourages the development of various methods of building applicable for eco-friendly buildings in architectural design. Among them, passive architecture is an design approach for eco-friendly design that contrasts with technology-based methods through MEP for renewable energy. This study researches the Passive Architectural Design methodology with two points of view; Passive Architectural Design Techniques as a guideline, which defines the elements to consider for passive architecture, and the project of Sejong Municipal Public Library as a case, which is to analysis the architectural design process. The purpose of this study is to propose an eco-friendly public building based on the methodology which is suitable for passive architectural design. Finally, this study suggests that the eco-friendly public building design for passive architecture should consider from the early step of design process, such as concept and building form etc. What is important for the passive architecture is not how much building can produce the natural energy but how less building consumes it to maintain.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 한국정밀공학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.525-529
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• 2004

A novel translational 3-dof parallel mechanism is proposed and analyzed. The mechanism consists of three RRPS serial subchains and an additional passive 3-dof type serial subchain. Three RRPS serial subchains alone may form a structure of the 6-DOF Stewart Platform mechanism. However, in the proposed mechanism, an additional passive serial subchain acts as constraints to restrict the output motion of the mechanism in 3-DOF translational space. The closed form position solutions of the proposed mechanism and its first-order kinematic model are derived. Then its workspace size and kinematic characteristics are examined via kinematic isotropic index.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 한국정밀공학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.520-524
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• 2004

In this work, a novel spherical 3-dof parallel mechanism is proposed and analyzed. The mechanism consists of three RRPS serial subchains and an additional passive 3-dof type serial subchain. Three RRPS serial subchains alone may form a structure of 6-DOF Stewart Platform mechanism. However, in the proposed mechanism, an additional passive serial subchain acts as constraints to restrict the output motion of the mechanism within 3-DOF spherical space. The closed form solutions of position analysis of the proposed mechanism and its first-order kinematic model are derived. Then its workspace size and kinematic characteristics are examined via kinematic isotropic index.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.367-382
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• 2013

Different types of long slender pile shall buckle with weak soil and liquefied stratum surrounded. Different from considering single side earth pressure, it was suggested that the lateral earth pressure can be divided into two categories while buckling: the earth pressure that prevent and promotes the lateral movement. Active and passive earth pressure calculation model was proposed supposing earth pressure changed linearly with displacement considering overlying load, shaft resistance, earth pressure at both sides of the pile. Critical buckling load calculation method was proposed based on the principle of minimum potential energy quoting the earth pressure calculation model. The calculation result was contrasted with the field test result of small diameter TC pile (Plastic Tube Cast-in-place pile). The fix form could be fixed-hinged in the actual calculation assuring the accuracy and certain safety factor. The contributions of pile fix form depend on the pile length for the same geological conditions. There exists critical friction value in specific geological conditions that the side friction has larger impact on the critical buckling load while it is less than the value and has less impact with larger value. The buckling load was not simply changed linearly with friction. The buckling load decreases with increased limit active displacement and the load tend to be constant with larger active displacement value; the critical buckling load will be the same for different fix form for the small values.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• 제53권6호
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• pp.29-36
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• 2016

A wireless passive sensor network is a network which, by letting separate RF sources supply energy to sensor nodes, is able to live an eternal life without batteries. Against expectations about an eternal life, however, a wireless passive sensor network still has many problems; scarcity of energy, non-simultaneity of energy reception and data transmission and inefficiency in resource allocation. In this paper, we focus on a wireless passive sensor network providing a packet service which is tolerable to packet losses but requires timely delivery of packets. Perceiving the practical constraints, we then consider a contending-type MAC scheme, rooted in framed and slotted ALOHA, for supporting many sensor nodes to deliver packets to a sink node. Next, we investigate the network-wide throughput achieved by the MAC scheme when the packets transmitted by geographically scattered sensor nodes experience path losses hence capture phenomena. Especially, we derive an exact formula of network-wide throughput in a closed form when 2 sensor nodes reside in the network. By controlling design parameters, we finally optimize the contending-type MAC scheme as to attain the maximum network-wide throughput.