• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.113-134
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• 2015

In new housing demand, proportion of occupied multi-housing is 89.9% (statistics from 2013). In this way, with many generations living together, apartment noise disputes between the neighbors are continuously rising. The apartment noise problem in Korea is at a very serious level worldwide (about 88% of the population is experiencing stress due to apartment noise). On the other hand, the government has strengthened the regulations (such as the thickness of the floor and floor impact sound reduction performance, etc.) and promoted a resolution of its own for each multi-housing estates for mediating disputes on apartment noise. However, such physical regulations and passive management policies still presents a limit to the dispute mitigation of apartment noise. Also, in order to improve the quality of life in living spaces, policy on health effects of apartment noise should be provided. Therefore, we investigated a case study of the noise exposure-human body reaction to analyze the effect of noise on health. On the basis of this, the health effects according to the exposure period of apartment noise were considered.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.846-856
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• 2017

The aim of this study was to develop the details of cross-laminated timber (CLT) envelops for satisfying the design standard for energy saving (DSEA) and passive standard in South Korea. When the same thickness of 180 mm concrete or CLT was used and the same materials for other layers were used for the roof, wall, and interlayer floor, the required insulation thickness for the different building envelopes in central, southern, and Jeju island was evaluated. As a result, compared to the concrete envelop, about 43 mm of insulation thickness was reduced for wall and roof with the CLT envelope. When the CLT envelopes were modified to protect the CLT from moisture based on FPInnovations (2011), the insulation thickness was further reduced by 12 mm. When the modified CLT building envelops satisfied with a passive standard are used for 10-story building, the required insulation was decreased by $40.89m^3$ for a floor ($105.27m^2{\times}2.3m$ in height) compared to concrete building. As the number of floors increases, about 3.58 m3 of insulation per floor was additionally saved.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.116-120
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• 2011

With population growth and quality of life improvement, household energy use also has increased. Under this circumstances, consumers are increasingly required to seek for efficient ways of energy saving. However, precedent studies have largely overlooked energy consumers' consumption behavior, and particularly little research has been conducted on energy consumption or saving patterns of residents living in apartments, which account for over 50% of the Korean housing market. Therefore, this study examined apartment residents' energy use behavior according to apartment residents' characteristics in order to efficient energy use and management. To this examination, survey was conducted of housewives living in apartments in Busan, and 403 data were analyzed by the SPSS WIN 12.0 program. With respect to their energy behavior according to characteristics of subjects, it was different depending on income, housing size, age, the length of residence, and the education standard. When higher income group and larger housing size group, residents were not doing 'passive saving' and 'comfort oriented.' When younger, they were 'comfort oriented.' When well-educated, they were 'comfort oriented.' Also, with regard to the length of residence, significant difference was found. The results of this study can be utilized as effective guidelines in efficient management, policy making, and education method reflecting energy use behavior of energy users.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.135-142
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• 2018

A public pedestrian passage induces traffic into the apartment complex, and therefore, it requires the application of Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design(CPTED). This paper aims to analyze the conditions and to suggest the improvements of public pedestrian passages in apartment complexes, applying a 3-D approach from CPTED aspect. The first aspect is "Designation": 1)The linkage between the public pedestrian passages is weak, and their designated purpose becomes unclear. 2)When the designated purpose is not considered for each complex, the closure rate is high. 3)The closure rate of the "Through type" is high. It suggests that the pedestrian network should be built and vitalized at the local urban level. The second aspect is "Definition." The public pedestrian passage lacks a social, cultural, and legal definition and only has a passive physical definition. It suggests that a legal definition and specialized guildline be prepared. The third aspect is "Design": 1)Insufficient territoriality exists between the public pedestrian passage and the inside of the complex. Territoriality should be reinforced between the public pedestrian passage and the rest of the internal territory. 2)The landscaping adjacent to the public pedestrian passage lacks deliberation. Since this is where safety and privacy collide, detailed design and maintenance of the landscaping is required. 3)It lacks systematical crime prevention facilities and should compensate accordingly.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.14 no.4 s.51
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• pp.87-94
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• 2005

Lately due to the sudden growth of the construction of an apartment complex in domestic market, many construction companies are eager to provide various public facilities to increase the apartment distribution rate. An introduction of a fitness center is popularized as a part of such development. There has been a continuing development in a private fitness based on analyzing the user's data. However a public fitness is quite different from the private in terms of a user's classification, preference rate, the pattern of use, and location which requires a different facility plan. Nevertheless, all these days a public fitness in an apartment house has been developed without a specific facility plan based on relevant materials. It is worried that such development would cause the facilities not to function as appropriate resident facilities and sink to idle ones. Therefore the purpose of this paper is to make the standard considered in facility planning in future and the base to guide an applying method. In the paper the present condition of fitness centers inside apartment houses has been compared to analyze the progress of the existing facilities and the appropriateness of the organization and the structure division. The result of the research shows that public resident facilities is not the place to perform passive role for fixed activities but one to form a community through the human relationship based on the facility. Therefore a fitness center inside the apartment complex have to be designed to provide service and leisure space as one of main community facilities for residents. To obtain this purpose, when choosing facilities of an apartment complex, first of all the residents' standard of living, apartment size, residents' distinction rate of age and sex, the needs of the times should be fully considered Secondly, the size of each facility space have to be decided based on the practical data analysis in facility use such as space preference, average staying time. Also, future living culture requires the change of the function and space according to the change of social values, so continuing research and data analysis are required to related to fitness center inside an apartment complex in order to present systematic approaching method and the paper will be expected to be a little step toward it.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.287-300
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to explore the degree of the stress from the family resources management according to objective resources and to investigate the relative importance of the variables which affect the stress from the family resources management in housewives. The subjects of this study were 565 married women who lived in apartment in Taegu. A questionnaire was used as survey method. The data was analyzed by means of factor analysis, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe test and multiple regression analysis. The main findings were as follows First there was significant difference in the degree of the stress from the family resources management according to the objective resource. Second, the stress from the family resources management were more affected by perceived adequacy resource, the passive coping style, size of apartment than other variables.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.24-31
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• 2014

So many energy saving strategies to realize the low energy house are proposed in these days. Even if the energy saving performances are similar between the strategies, the costs are in abroad ranges. Therefore, the application of the energy saving strategies should be based upon two considerations; one is energy saving performance and the other is the cost. In this study, the decision making method for application of the passive design technologies in the design stage of the low energy apartment house are suggested. By utilizing the result of this study, practitioners can make an effective design alternatives which solve the conflicted values; energy saving and cost.

• Architectural research
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.29-36
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• 2001

Concern about global environment has been increasing in recent years. Efforts to minimize the environmental impact to the globe as well as human beings have increased, especially in the late twentieth century. The study researches one of the solutions for the environmentally friendly building construction, which can contribute to sustaining the world environment. Assessment and proposals are made for high-rise apartments, one of the most popular construction types nowadays in Korea. Since the volume of high-rise apartment construction is so great, a small improvement in each building will make a great contribution. Assessments are made over the life-span of apartment buildings. A tool named EIAHA (Environmental Impact Assessment for High-rise Apartment) has been made through references from western examples, mainly in the UK. The components of EIAHA include passive design strategies, building materials, energy consumption during building operation and management/maintenance. Although the issues are on a global scale, solutions are sought on regional scale. Korean high-rise apartments are assessed with the tool and suggestions for sustainable development are made mainly for improvement of embodied energy of building materials and the life of buildings.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.323-328
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• 2004

This study measured the thermal environment and residents' cooling behavior of the apartments' living rooms in summer in Seoul. The purpose of this study is to find out the present thermal environment of the living rooms and to find out the target figure of passive cooling system. The surveys and measurements took place in six apartments of Seoul for 60days(2004. 7. 3${\sim}$2004. 8. 31). The result were summarized as follows; The thermal environment of apartments' living rooms were almost neutral, and residents felt a little uncomfortable. Residents turned on the air conditioner at $27.31^{\circ}C$ of indoor temperature, and $28.89^{\circ}C$ of SET*. Therefore, cooling critical temperature of the passive cooling system can be figured out from this result.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.103-110
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• 2012

Interior Coordination is the activity of making characteristic living space by planning and harmonizing various interior elements. In modern society, the taste and needs of the residents are getting varied and segmented, and the role of interior coordination is getting more important because that reflects cultural codes and trends and satisfies residents' needs. This study aims to investigate awareness and needs about interior coordination targeting apartment residents, and to provide fundamental data that could attribute to the planning of unique and diverse residential spaces. Methods of study include the literature research and the empirical study. Elements of interior coordination were extracted through the literature review, and the questionnaire was developed using these elements. And then a survey was carried out targeting apartment residents of Busan. The result shows that most of the residents were much interested in interior coordination, and they recognized it's importance. They wanted to plan and select the elements by themselves, but were passive in actual execution because of the difficulties in execution methods and economical conditions. There were certain differences between the styles of their own houses and the preferred styles, but they did not try actively to reconcile the differences. Therefore, various methods of interior coordination should be developed and proposed which are easy and effective for actual execution, and various media should be provided by which residents could easily get informations on design elements. Also, the concept and method of interior coordination should be considered from the very first stage of residential planning, and the replacement and modification of interior coordination could be easily done according to the change of life cycle and life styles.