• Title/Summary/Keyword: particle mixing

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Analysis of Nano-particle and Emissions Characteristics for FTP75 Mode in LPLi Vehicle (FTP75 모드에 의한 LPG액상분사자동차의 배출가스 및 나노입자배출특성)

  • Lee, Ho-Kil;Kim, Yong-Tae
    • Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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    • v.20 no.2
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    • pp.161-167
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    • 2009
  • The regulation of the $CO_2$ emit from vehicles have become much more stringent in recent years. This stringent regulation is more request vehicle manufacturers to develop the alternative fuel vehicles for reducing exhaust emissions. LPG fuel is more clean energy compares with gasoline and diesel fuel. Especially, $CO_2$ emission of LPG Vehicle is less than gasoline vehicle and almost equal to diesel vehicle. For this reason, recently korean government is extending LPG fuel for hybrid car and light duty vehicle. In domestic, Propane is mixing $15{\sim}30%$ to butane for improvement of cold start at winter season. Therefore, In this paper was investigated that the characteristics of emissions according to propane mixing rate with 0, 10, 20, 30% were compared and analyzed by the vehicle test using LPG vehicle according to the FTP75 mode. It was also investigated the characteristics of nano-particle emit with propane mixing rate.

The Influence of the Properties of Crushed Stone Sand on the Mixing Factor and Compressive Strength of Concrete (부순모래의 품질특성이 콘크리트의 배합인자 및 압축강도에 미치는 영향)

  • Hong Ji Hoon;Yum Jun Haun;Choi Jin Man;Jeong Yang;Lee Seong Yeun;Yeo Byung Chul
    • Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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    • 2005.11a
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    • pp.623-626
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    • 2005
  • This study is aimed for investigating the influence of the properties of crushed stone sand on the mixing factor and compressive strength of concrete. The results of this study are as follows; The influence of Particle Shape and Very Fine Sand(VFS) of crushed stone sand on the mixing factor was higher than Fineness Modulus. The demand water of concrete with crushed stone sand was decreased about $12\~18kg/m^3$with increasing $4\%$ of Particle Shape and increased $8\~15kg/m^3$ with increasing $3\%$ of ratio of Very Fine Sand(VFS).

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TRANSIENT SIMULATION OF SOLID PARTICLE DISTRIBUTION WITH VARIOUS DESIGN PARAMETERS OF THE BAFFLE IN A STIRRED TANK (배플 형상에 따른 교반기 내부 고체입자 분포의 비정상상태 해석)

  • Kim, Chi-Gyeom;Lee, Seung-Jae;Won, Chan-Shik;Hur, Nahm-Keon
    • Journal of computational fluids engineering
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    • v.14 no.4
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    • pp.1-6
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    • 2009
  • In the present study, numerical simulations were performed in a stirred solid/liquid system by using Eulerian multi-phase model. The transient flow field of liquid and distribution of solid particles were predicted in the stirred tank with pitched paddle impeller and baffles. The Frozen rotor method is adopted to consider the rotating motion of the impeller. The effects of number and width of baffles on the mixing time and the quality of solid suspension in the stirred tank are presented numerically. The result shows that the mixing time decreases as the width and number of baffles increase. The present numerical methodology can be applied to optimizing mixing condition of industrial mixer.

A Study on the Mixing Characteristics of Solid in Vibrating Feeder for Stable Operations of Fluidized Bed Combustion (유동층 연소로 안전조업을 위한 진동 공급기내의 고체입자 혼합특성에 관한 연구)

  • 김미영;조병렬;박상찬;이동규;김의식
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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    • v.13 no.3
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    • pp.112-118
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    • 1998
  • This work has been carried out to study the mixing characteristics of solid in vibrating feeder for stable operations of fluidized bed combustion. The system consisted of two particles such that fine particles were located on the top of the coarse particles before vibratory mixing had started. Effect of particle size, particle densities, vibration amplitude and vibration frequency were experimentally obtained. Also, a diffusion model was applied in interpreting the experimental results. From these results, the following empirical equation for the diffusivity was obtained. $0.87{(\frac{d_c}{d_f})}^{0.73}\;{(\frac{\rho_f}{\rho_c})}^{0.53}(A^2f)$.

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Flow Visualization and PIV Measurement of Multiphase Flow in Highty Viscous Liquid (고점성 유체 내부에서의 다상유동장 가시화 및 PIV 측정)

  • Kim, Hyun-Dong;Ryu, Seung-Gyu;Kim, Kyung-Chun
    • 한국가시화정보학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2006.12a
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    • pp.48-54
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    • 2006
  • A visualization study of flow characteristics in a mixer using multi-nozzle bubbling was performed. The mixer is filled with liquid glycerin (dynamic viscosity = $1000mPa{\cdot}$ s at $25^{\circ}C$) and convective mixing is induced by air bubbles generated from 9 orifices installed on the bottom of the mixer. To visualize the flow field, PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry) system consisting of 532nm Nd:YAG laser, $2k\times2k$ CCD camera and synchronizer is adopted. The bubbles generated with uniform size and frequency form bubble stream, and bubble streams rise vertically without interaction between bubble streams. Mixing efficiency is affected by the height of bubbler and the effective height of bubbler is 20mm from the bottom of the mixer.

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Study of Several Silica Properties Influence on Sapphire CMP

  • Wang, Haibo;Zhang, Zhongxiang;Lu, Shibin
    • Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.886-891
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    • 2018
  • Colloid silica using as abrasive for polishing sapphire has been extensively studied, which mechanism has also been deeply discussed. However, by the requirement of application enlargement and cost reduction, some new problems appear such as silica service life time, particle diameter mixing, etc. In this paper, several influences of colloid silica usage on sapphire CMP are examined. Results show particle diameter and concentration, pH value, service life time, particle diameter mixing heavily influence removal rate. Further analysis discloses there are two main effect aspects which are quantity of hydroxyl group, contact area for abrasive density stacking between abrasive and sapphire. Based on the discussions, a dynamic process of sapphire polishing is proposed.

Studies on Manufacture of Hanji(Korean Paper) Sludge·Wood Particle Composite - I. Physical Properties of Hanji(Korean Paper)Sludge·Wood Particle Composite (한지(韓紙) 슬러지·목재(木材) 파티클 복합(複合)보드의 제조연구(製造硏究) - I. 한지(韓紙) 슬러지·목재(木材) 파티클 복합(複合)보드의 물리적(物理的) 성질(性質))

  • Lee, Phil-Woo;Lee, Hak-Lae;Son, Jung-Il
    • Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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    • v.29 no.2
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    • pp.109-117
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    • 2001
  • This research was carried out to develop the Hanji(Korean paper) sludge wood particle composite utilizing the waste sludges occurring from the making process of Hanji(Korean paper). In the research, four mixing ratios of white or black sludge to wood particle(10:90, 20:80, 30:70, and 40:60), three types of the resin adhesives(PMDI, urea and phenol resin) and three levels of the densities(0.60, 0.75 and 0.90) were designed to investigate the physical properties of Hanji(Korean paper) sludge wood particle composite. The linear expansion of Hanji(Korean paper) sludge wood particle composite was not always increased, compared to control boards. For thickness swelling, PMDI-bonded composites had the lowest value, and thickness swelling of composite was generally decreased with the increase of Hanji sludge. The water absorption of white sludge wood particle composite had no tendency, hut that of black sludge wood particle composite was decreased with an increase of mixing ratio of Hanji sludge.

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Numerical analysis of internal flow and mixing performance in polymer extruder I: single screw element

  • Kim, Nak-Soo;Kim, Hong-Bum;Lee, Jae-Wook
    • Korea-Australia Rheology Journal
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    • v.18 no.3
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    • pp.143-151
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    • 2006
  • We analyzed the non-Newtonian and non-isothermal flow in a single screw extruder system and investigated the mixing performance with respect to the screw speed and the screw pitch. The viscosity of polymer melt was described with Carreau-Yasuda model. The mixing performance was computed numerically by tracking the motions of particles in the screw element system. The extent of mixing was characterized in terms of the deformation rate, the residence time distribution, and the strain. The results revealed that the high screw speed reduces the residence time but increases the deformation rate while the small screw pitch increases the residence time. It is concluded that the high screw speed increases the dispersive mixing performance and the small screw pitch increases the distributive mixing performance.

Experimental Investigation on the Vortical Flows in a Single-Entry Swirl Mixing Chamber (단일공급 스월 혼합챔버 내의 와류유동에 대한 실험적 연구)

  • Kim, Hyung-Min;Yoon, Woong-Sup
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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    • 2011.11a
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    • pp.445-450
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    • 2011
  • Swirling flows inside a swirl mixing chamber are investigated for simple configuration where swirl is produced by a tangential entry type swirl generator. The flow downstream of the swirl generator has been quantified by measurements two velocity components and their corresponding mean values along axial and radial direction using Particle Image Velocimetry(PIV). The mass flow rate of the tangential entry is increased in order to study their effect on the flow field. From the measurement profile of velocity and vorticity, flow mixing characteristics in a swirl mixing chamber are evaluated.

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A Study on Sealing Performance of Elastomeric Rotary Lip Seals for Washing Machines (세탁기용 고무 회전 씨일의 밀봉 성능에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Tae-Hyung
    • Tribology and Lubricants
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    • v.31 no.3
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    • pp.102-108
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    • 2015
  • In this research, we experimentally investigated the sealing performance of elastomeric rotary lip seals for washing machines. In general, NBR is used as a material for elastomeric rotary lip seals in washing machines, but the mixing formula of the rubber material can affect the sealing performance. In this study, we manufactured rotary lip seals using three kinds of NBRs with a different mixing formula, and examined the sealing performance using an acceleration test mode. The results of an SEM investigation into the surfaces of three kinds of specimens showed a much smaller wear volume and better sealing performance for the specimens with smaller particle sizes of mixing composition than for the specimen with the larger. Repeated deformation and recovery by the shaft-to-seal eccentricity on rotation were shown to cause a phase difference in the rubber material, and we measured the recovery ratio to find the influence of this phase difference on the sealing performance. As another method for checking the phase difference, we also measured tan ä, and a lower tan ä was revealed as the recovery ratio increased for each specimen. Specimens with a higher recovery ratio (lower tan ä) were shown to have a better sealing performance. Consequently, specimens with a smaller particle size in the mixing composition had a better sealing performance because they show a higher recovery ratio.